Seagrass : ecology, uses, and threats / Robert S. Pirog, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Pirog, Robert S.

Series:

Oceanography and ocean engineering series.

Environmental science, engineering and technology series.

Oceanography and ocean engineering

Environmental science, engineering and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Seagrasses--Ecology.

Seagrasses.

Seagrasses--Research--Methodology.

Seagrasses--Conservation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (291 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Seagrasses are flowering plants from one of four plant families, all in the order Alismatales, which grow in marine, fully-saline environments. Seagrasses are sometimes labeled ecosystem engineers, because they partly create their own habitat: the leaves slow down water-currents increasing sedimentation, and the seagrass roots and rhizomes stabilize the seabed. Their importance for associated species is mainly due to provision of shelter, and for their extraordinarily high rate of primary production. This book presents current research in the study of seagrass, including ecosystem modeling of seagrass beds; P. oceanica population genetics and proteomics; the impact of hurricanes on seagrass thalassia testudinum in the Caribbean Sea; GIS mapping of seagrass meadows; and the rise of Ruppia in seagrass beds.

Contents:

Intro

SEAGRASS: ECOLOGY, USES AND THREATS

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 ECOSYSTEM MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION FOR SEAGRASS BEDS

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROJECT OF ATSUMI BAY

2.1. Location and Situation

2.2. Evaluation Program

2.2.1. Objective and Scenarios for Part 1

2.2.2. Objective and Scenarios for Part 2

3. ECOSYSTEM MODELING

3.1. Whole Construction of the Simulation System

3.2. Ecosystem Model -TRÄUMEREI

3.2.1. Overview of the TRÄUMEREI Model

3.2.2. Model Equations and Computational Algorithm

(1) For Pelagic System

(2) For Benthic System

3.2.3. Biochemical Reactions

3.2.4. Dissolved Oxygen in Benthic System

4. IMPLEMENTATION

4.1. Expression of the Geographical Feature

4.2. Boundary Conditions and Initial Values

4.3. Simulation Period and Time Step

4.4. Parameters

4.5. Validation - Comparison between Calculations and Observations

5. EVALUATION OF PART 1 - LIKELIHOOD OF SEAGRASS GROWTH ON THE ARTIFICIAL SHALLOWS

5.1. Ecological Mechanism in the Natural Seagrass Beds

5.1.1. Biological and Physical Processes in Nutrient Cycling

(1) Fluxes at System Boundary:

(2) Fluxes between &lt

A&gt

and &lt

D&gt

in Figure 11:

(3)Turnover Rate of &lt

(4) Mineralization Pathway and De-nitrification in the Benthic System:

(5) Overall Image of Vertical Cycle for Each Area:

5.1.2. Turn over Rate of Nutrient Cycling

5.2. Effectiveness of Suspension Feeders to Seagrass Growth

5.3. Likelihood of Seagrass Growth on the Artificial Shallows in the Mito Area

6. EVALUATION OF PART 2 - EFFECT OF RECLAIMING/CREATING THE SEAGRASS BEDS ON ATSUMI BAY

6.1. Model Validation and Spatial Distribution of Water Quality.

6.2. EFFECT OF DISAPPEARANCE OF THE NATURAL SEAGRASS BEDS

6.3. EFFECT OF THE MITIGATION PLAN FAILING IN SEAGRASS GROWING

6.4. EFFECT OF THE MITIGATION PLAN SUCCEEDING IN SEAGRASS GROWING

7. EVALUATION OF THE PURIFICATION

7.1. Definition of the Purification Rate

7.2. Biological Purification Fluxes

7.3. Purification Rate of Phytoplankton

7.4. Purification Rate of Nutrients

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 POSIDONIA OCEANICA: FROM ECOLOGICAL STATUS TO GENETIC AND PROTEOMIC RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION

GENETIC STUDIES

i) Genetic Variability of Posidonia oceanica

ii) Spatial Patterns of Genetic Variability

iii) Genetics and Restoration

iv) Genetics in Monitoring

v) Future Outlook

PROTEOMIC INVESTIGATIONS

i) Technical Approach

ii) Challenging of Protein Analyses from Posidonia oceanica

iii) Proteomics in Environmental Monitoring and Adaptive Responses in Posidonia oceanica

iv) Proteomics in Adaptive Responses to Light of Posidonia oceanica

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter 3 THE IMPACT OF HURRICANES ON EPIPHYTAL FORAMINIFERA ON RHIZOMES OF THE SEAGRASS THALASSIA TESTUDINUM, NEVIS, NORTH-EASTERN CARIBBEAN SEA

INTRODUCTION TO FORAMINIFERA

FORAMINIFERA AND SUCCESSIONS

HURRICANES AND THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN SEA

SHE ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES

PREVIOUS WORK ON EPIPHYTAL FORAMINIFERA OFF NEVIS

MATERIALS AND METHODS

FINDINGS

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FINDINGS

Chapter 4 THE IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTION OF SEAGRASS HABITATS FOR ELASMOBRANCHS

SEAGRASS HABITATS AS NURSERY AREAS

SEAGRASS HABITATS AS FORAGING GROUNDS

SEAGRASS HABITATS AS REFUGIA

CONSERVATION

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

REFERENCES.

Chapter 5 THE USE OF STOCHASTIC MODELS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL IN A SHALLOW TEMPERATE ESTUARY OF SOUTH EUROPE (MONDEGO, PORTUGAL)

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS .

2.1. Study Site Description

2.2. Monitoring Program

2.3. Statistical Analysis and Modelling Procedures

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. Determining the Cause-Effect Relationships between Trophic Components

3.2. Conceptualization of the Model and Equations

3.3. Model Simulations

Chapter 6 RECRUITMENT PREFERENCES OF A BIVALVE COMMUNITY: RESULTS FROM ARTIFICIAL COLLECTORS OVER POSIDONIA OCEANICA (L.) DELILE MEADOWS IN A MARINE PROTECTED AREA (MPA)

Study Area

Data Analysis

RESULTS

Multi-Specific Patterns Related to Distance to the Coast (1st Dataset)

Multi-Specific Patterns Related to the Sample Depth and Location (2nd Dataset)

Similarity Analysis

DISCUSSION

Chapter 7 THE USE OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN GIS MAPPING OF SEAGRASS MEADOWS

TYPES OF FILTERS AND ROLL FILMS

AEROPHOTOGRAMMETRY

Aerial Surveys

Aerial Cameras and Aerial photos

ACQUIRING AND STORING IMAGES

IMAGE RECTIFICATION

GEOREFERENCING

IMAGE ANALYSIS

GIS ANALYSIS

Chapter 8 THE RISE OF RUPPIA IN SEAGRASS BEDS: CHANGES IN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT AND RESEARCH NEEDS

CHANGES IN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT AND SEAGRASS BEDS

CHARACTERISTICS OF RUPPIA MARITIMA

DO WE NEED TO RESTORE RUPPIA BEDS?

CASE STUDY: RUPPIA MARITIMA OF THE MISSISSIPPI COAST, THE USA

Changes in the Seagrass Community

Changes in the Seagrass Beds after the 2005 Hurricane Katrina at Grand Bay NERR

Ruppia Maritima Restoration Efforts in Bayou Cumbest

Further Research Needs.

CONCLUSION

Chapter 9 SEAGRASS ECOLOGY AND THREATS IN THE TROPICAL INDO-PACIFIC BIOREGION

TROPICAL SEAGRASS BIOLOGY

Seagrass Species

Biogeography

SEAGRASS HABITAT - THREATS AND LOSS

Management Issues

Understanding Threats to Seagrass

Monitoring Changes

MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION TOOLS

MANAGEMENT NEEDS IN THE TROPICAL INDO-PACIFIC BIOREGION

Chapter 10 SEAGRASS MEADOWS OF THE WAKATOBI NATIONAL PARK

INTRODUCTION TO SEAGRASS MEADOWS

SPATIAL COVERAGE

SEAGRASS COMMUNITY DYNAMICS AND HERBIVORY

INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES

FISH ASSEMBLAGES

ECOSYSTEM INTERACTIONS

THREATS TO SEAGRASS MEADOWS

FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS

CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT

INDEX.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

ISBN:

1-61122-402-0

OCLC:

793206400