Drug use, policy, and management / Richard Isralowitz.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Isralowitz, Richard.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Drug abuse--United States.

Drug abuse.

Drug abuse--United States--Prevention.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (199 p.)

Edition:

2nd ed.

Place of Publication:

Westport, Conn. : Auburn House, c2002.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This new edition provides an up-to-date examination of the key issues of the drug problem, including cigarettes, heroin, alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana. It offers a current review of definitions of drug use and dependence, the latest developments regarding tobacco use and the historical agreement between government and industry, and research and analysis from a cross-cultural perspective. A detailed account of opium and heroin distribution and control in the region of Afghanistan provide valuable insight. Whether it be illegal drugs such as marijuana, heroin, and cocaine or legal substances including cigarettes and alcohol, drug use is a deeply imbedded characteristic of society. An immense amount of money and human resources is spent in the United States to address drug use. For example, the cost of substance abuse to the U.S. economy each year is estimated to be over $414 billion. In terms of illegal drugs alone, the U.S. drug market has been estimated to be $150 billion a year. The annual federal anti-drug budget for law enforcement is about $12 billion per year; and about $3 billion goes to overseas drug wars alone with about half of that amount going to Colombia to eliminate opium and coca cultivation. It has been reported that substance abuse and addiction will add at least $41 billion to the costs of elementary and secondary education for 2001 due to class disruption and violence, special education and tutoring, teacher turnover, truancy, children left behind, student assistance programs, property damage, injury, and counseling. The cost to the nation for each of its hard-core addicts, per year, is about $30, 000. The amount spent on the drug problem does not include the cost of drug use measured in human suffering, increased violence, and lost lives, nor does it include the damage done by cigarettes and alcohol. The second, updated edition of this important work examines issues about the use and abuse of legal and illegal drugs from multiple perspectives including the social context of reality, historical and present patterns of use, causal factors associated with addiction, research findings including those of a cross-cultural nature, case studies of addicts, and the management of services provision.

Contents:

Cover

Drug Use, Policy, and Management

Contents

Preface

ABOUT THIS BOOK

NOTES

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Drug Use and Abuse: Definitions and the Social Context of Reality-Tobacco

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS: AN OVERVIEW

Use/Abuse

Addiction/Dependence

THE CLASSES OF DRUGS: A REVIEW

Nicotine

Alcohol

Opiates

Stimulants

Ecstasy

Sedatives and Hypnotics

Marijuana and Hashish

Hallucinogens

Inhalants

THE SOCIAL CONTEXT AND REALITY OF DRUG USE

Tobacco

Economic Considerations: Advertising, the Settlement, and the End Game-Show Me the Money Philip, R. J.

CONCLUSION

Chapter 2 Theoretical Considerations and Risk Factors

THE SOCIAL ORDER

SOCIAL FORCES: PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, VALUES, AND MORALS

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS

The Family

Peers

Education

Media

LABELING/CRIMINALIZATION PROCESS

BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Biological

Psychological

Chapter 3 Heroin: The "King" of Illegal Drugs

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

TRENDS

INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES

Afghanistan and Beyond: The World Leader in Opium and Heroin Production

THE HEROIN ADDICT: PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS

Female Heroin Addicts

CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES OF HEROIN ADDICTS: THE RUSSIAN CRISIS

Native-Born and Russian-Speaking Immigrant Heroin Addicts in Israel

Males

Background Characteristics

Licit and Illicit Substance Use

Self-Esteem and Other Factors

Females

Study Limitations

Policy and Treatment Services Considerations

Interviews: Russian-Speaking Heroin Addicts in Israel

The Case of Vladimir

The Case of Galina

The Case of Ludmilla

The Case of Alexander

Chapter 4 Alcohol and the Alcoholic.

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

THE ALCOHOLIC: THEORIES AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS

University Student Alcohol Use: Patterns and Problems

ALCOHOL USE AND CULTURE: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Perspective: Alcohol Use among Jewish People

Chapter 5 Cocaine and Crack

Crack

United States

International

THE COCAINE USER: PERSONALITY AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

COCAINE: THE LATIN AMERICAN PLAGUE

COCAINE HIGHLIGHTS

Then: 1986-1993

Kids and Cocaine

Getting Tough on Cocaine: The U.S. Is Losing the War

Hour by Hour: Crack

The Newest Drug War

Back in the High Life

Cocaine Manufacturing Is No Longer Just a Colombian Monopoly

20 Years of War on Drugs, and No Victory Yet

Why There's No Methadone for Crack

Cocaine Comes Home

Recent Past and Now

Heroin Is Proving a Growth Industry for Colombia

War on Crack Retreats, Still Taking Prisoners

War on Crack Changed U.S., But Did It Help Cut Drug Use?

Bolivia, at Risk of Some Unrest, Is Making Big Gains in Eradicating Coca

In States' Anti-Drug Fight, a Renewal for Treatment

For Latin America, a Boomerang Effect on Illegal Drugs

Shades of Vietnam: Heading for Trouble in Colombia

Dangerous Plans for Colombia

Crack Country

Cocaine Quietly Reclaims Its Hold as Good Times Return

Fights Rage over Colombian Drug Plan

Colombian Police Find Drug Sub

Colombia Anti-Drug Program Loses Major Supporter

Rebels Biggest Players in Narcotics Trade

How We Fight a Losing War

Fox: U.S. Corruption Contributes to Drug Smuggling

Chapter 6 Marijuana: Is It Really a War of Values and Special Interests?

MARIJUANA: THE FACTS-WHO AND WHAT TO BELIEVE?

Comparison of Government Reports and Information Sources.

Is Marijuana More Potent Today Than in the Past?

Does Marijuana Lead to the Use of Other Drugs?

How Does Marijuana Affect Driving?

Does Marijuana Cause Brain Damage?

Does Marijuana Damage the Reproductive System?

Does Marijuana Suppress the Immune System?

Other Medically Related Facts about Marijuana (National Academy of Sciences, 1999)

What Conditions Can Marijuana Treat?

What about Marinol, the Major Active Ingredient in Marijuana in Pill Form?

Isn't Marijuana Too Dangerous to Be Used as a Medicine?

Doesn't the Medical Marijuana Debate Send Children the Wrong Message about Marijuana?

Isn't Marijuana Too Addictive to Be Used as a Medicine?

Marijuana Facts and Perspectives ("Marijuana Prohibition Facts-2001," Marijuana Policy Protection Foundation)

General

Legal and Policy Perspectives

Medical

SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AND ECONOMIC FACTORS LEADING TO POLICY FORMATION

MARIJUANA USE: REFLECTIONS ON THE DUTCH EXPERIENCE

Chapter 7 Management: Elements of Drug Treatment Services Organization and Development

THE HUMAN SERVICES PERSPECTIVE

DRUG TREATMENT SERVICES

MANAGEMENT OF DRUG SERVICES

Management

Assessment of Drug Treatment Services Organization and Management

DRUG SERVICE AGENCIES: ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT NEEDS AND PROBLEMS

Drug Services Development and Managing Services with Scarce Resources

Education and Training

Outreach: Critical Target Populations

Drug Addicts in Need of Services

Female Drug Addicts

Adolescent Drug Users

TREATMENT AND RELAPSE PREVENTION STRATEGIES

RESEARCH, EVALUATION, AND THE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION

DRUG INFORMATION CENTER DEVELOPMENT: CASE EXAMPLE

Epilogue:

PERSPECTIVES: WHAT IS BEING SAID?

NUMBERS: WHAT DO THEY SHOW?

MONEY: WHAT DOES ALL THIS COST?.

PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

THE WAR: AND THE DEBATE GOES ON

Index

About the Author.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9780313013065

0313013063

OCLC:

70764290