Habits : Plasticity, learning and freedom / Javier Bernacer, Jose Angel Lombo, Jose Ignacio Murillo.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bernacer, Javier, author.

Murillo, Jose Ignacio, author.

Lombo, Jose Angel, author.

Series:

Frontiers Research Topics.

Frontiers Research Topics

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Implicit learning.

Neuropsychiatry.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (148 pages).

Other Title:

Habits

Place of Publication:

[Place of publication not identified] : Frontiers Media SA, 2015.

Language Note:

English.

Summary:

In present times, certain fields of science are becoming aware of the necessity to go beyond a restrictive specialization, and establish an open dialogue with other disciplines. Such is the case of the approach that neuroscience and philosophy are performing in the last decade. However, this increasing interest in a multidisciplinary perspective should not be understood, in our opinion, as a new phenomenon, but rather as a return to a classical standpoint: a proper understanding of human features -organic, cognitive, volitional, motor or behavioral, for example- requires a context that includes the global dimension of the human being. We believe that grand neuroscientific conclusions about the mind should take into account what philosophical reflection has said about it; likewise, philosophers should consider the organic constitution of the brain to draw inferences about the mind. Thus, both neuroscience and philosophy would benefit from each other's achievements through a fruitful dialogue. One of the main problems a multidisciplinary group encounters is terminology: the same term has a different scope in various fields, sometimes even contradictory. Such is the case of habits: from a neuroscientific perspective, a habit is a mere automation of an action. It is, therefore, linked to rigidity and limitation. However, from a classical philosophical account, a habit is an enabling capacity acquired through practice, which facilitates, improves and reinforces the performance of certain kind of actions. From neuroscience, habit acquisition restricts a subject's action to the learnt habit; from philosophy, habit acquisition allows the subject to set a distance from the simple motor performance to cognitively enrich the action. For example, playing piano is a technical habit; considering the neuroscientific account, a pianist would just play those sequences of keystrokes that had been repeatedly practiced in the past. However, according to the philosophical perspective, it would allow the pianist to improvise and, moreover, go beyond the movements of their hands to concentrate in other features of musical interpretation. In other words, a holistic view of habits focuses on the subject's disposition when facing both known and novel situations. We believe neuroscience could contribute to achieve a deeper understanding of the neural bases of habits, whose complexity could be deciphered by a philosophical reflection. Thus, we propose this Research Topic to increase our understanding on habits from a wide point of view. This collection of new experimental research, empirical and theoretical reviews, general commentaries and opinion articles covers the following subjects: habit learning; implicit memory; computational and complex dynamical accounts of habit formation; practical, cognitive, perceptual and motor habits; early learning; intentionality; consciousness in habits performance; neurological and psychiatric disorders related to habits, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, stereotypies or addiction; habits as enabling or limiting capacities for the agent.

Contents:

Habits plasticity learning and freedom

The unity and the stability of human behavior An interdisciplinary approach to habits between philosophy and neuroscience

The Aristotelian conception of habit and its contribution to human neuroscience

A genealogical map of the concept of habit

On habit and the mindbody problem The view of Felix Ravaisson

The principal sources of William James idea of habit

Habit and embodiment in MerleauPonty

bridging the gap between personhood and personal identity

Conceptual mappings and neural reuse

The role of consciousness in triggering intellectual habits

No horizontal numerical mapping in a culture with mixedreading habits

Behavioral duality in an integrated agent

Model averaging optimal inference and habit formation

Procedural skills and neurobehavioral freedom

linking goaldirected and modelbased behavior

The liberating dimension of human habit in addiction context

Habit acquisition in the context of neuronal genomic and epigenomic mosaicism

Is the philosophical construct of habitus operativus bonus compatible with the modern neuroscience concept of human flourishing through neuroplas ...

A dynamic systems view of habits

Modeling habits as selfsustaining patterns of sensorimotor behavior

toward a more adequate descriptive framework for the notions of habits learning and plasticity

allowing human freedom and restoring the social basis of learning

The Wonder Approach to learning

Habits as learning enhancers

Toward a new conception of habit and selfcontrol in adolescent maturation

ERPevidence for a linear transition

Back Cover

Copyright.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Publisher Number:

10.3389/978-2-88919-673-9