Lipid signaling in T cell development and function / Karsten Sauer and Klaus Okkenhaug.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Sauer, Karsten, author.

Okkenhaug, Klaus, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Immunologic diseases.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (142 pages)

Place of Publication:

[Place of publication not identified] : Frontiers Media SA, 2015.

Summary:

Lipids are best known as energy storing molecules and core-components of cellular membranes, but can also act as mediators of cellular signaling. This is most prominently illustrated by the paramount importance of the phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways in many cells, including T cells and cancer cells. Both of these enzymes use the lipid phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate (PIP2) as their substrate. PLCs produce the lipid product diacylglycerol (DAG) and soluble inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate (IP3). DAG acts as a membrane tether for protein kinase C and RasGRP proteins. IP3 is released into the cytosol and controls calcium release from internal stores. The PI3K lipid product phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate (PIP3) controls signaling by binding and recruiting effector proteins such as Akt and Itk to cellular membranes. Recent research has unveiled important signaling roles for many additional phosphoinositides and other lipids. The articles in this volume highlight how multiple different lipids govern T cell development and function through diverse mechanisms and effectors. In T cells, lipids can orchestrate signaling by organizing membrane topology in rafts or microdomains, direct protein function through covalent lipid-modification or non-covalent lipid binding, act as intracellular or extracellular messenger molecules, or govern T cell function at the level of metabolic regulation. The cellular activity of certain lipid messengers is moreover controlled by soluble counterparts, exemplified by symmetric PIP3/inositol(1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate (IP4) signaling in developing T cells. Not surprisingly, lipid producing and metabolizing enzymes have gained attention as potential therapeutic targets for immune disorders, leukemias and lymphomas.

Contents:

Editorial: Lipid signaling in T cell development and function

Regulation of Pl-3-kinase and Akt signaling in T lymphocytes and other cells by TNFR family molecules

Lipid and protein co-regulation of PI3K effectors Akt and Itk in lymphocytes

Role of inositol poly-phosphatases and their targets in T cell biology

An emerging role for PI5P in T cell biology

The glycerophosphoinositols: from lipid metabolites to modulators of T-cell signaling

Regulation of Ras exchange factors and cellular localization of Ras activation by lipid messengers in T cells

Regulation of lipid signaling by diacylglycerol kinases during T cell development and function

Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived lipid mediators and T cell function Anna Nicolaou, Claudio Mauro, Paula Urquhart and Federica Marelli-Berg Proinflammatory and immunoregulatory roles of eicosanoids in T cells

The vitamin D receptor and T cell function.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.