Toward a coordinated spatial data infrastructure for the nation / Mapping Science Committee, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.). Mapping Science Committee.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Geographic information systems.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (191 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Coordinated spatial data infrastructure

Coordinated spatial data infrastructure.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1993.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) is the means to assemble geographic information that describes the arrangement and attributes of features and phenomena on the Earth. This book advocates the need to make the NSDI more robust. The infrastructure includes the materials, technology, and people necessary to acquire, process, store, and distribute such information to meet a wide variety of needs. The NSDI is more than hardware, software, and data; it is the public foundation on which a marketplace for spatial products will evolve.

Contents:

TOWARD A COORDINATED SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE NATION

Copyright

PREFACE

Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE CHALLENGE

ISSUES

RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSION

2 INTRODUCTION

REFERENCE

3 NATIONAL SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE

EVOLUTION

Stage I (circa 1960-1980)

Stage II (1975-2000)

Stage III (1990 and beyond)

CONCEPT

REFERENCES

4 CURRENT SITUATION

MAJOR ISSUES

FEDERAL AGENCY ACTIVITIES

Office of Management and Budget

Federal Geographic Data Committee

Other Federal Agencies

Bureau of the Census

Bureau of Land Management

Defense Mapping Agency

Environmental Protection Agency

Fish and Wildlife Service

U.S. Forest Service

Soil Conservation Service

United States Geologic Survey

STATE AGENCIES

Current Situation

Federal Relationships

Standards

Problems

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

PRIVATE SECTOR

ACADEMIA

5 SPATIAL DATA AND THE URBAN FABRIC

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

LAND BASE SYSTEMS COMPONENT

Description

Primary Responsibility

Needs

Models

Rationale for Federal Involvement

THE NATION'S CADASTRE

Introduction

The Problems

Responding to the Problems

STREET CENTERLINE SPATIAL DATA BASE

Significance and Applications

Current Status of Street Centerline Spatial Data Bases

USGS DLG Program

U.S. Postal Service's ZIP + 4 Data Base

TIGER

Problems Caused by Deficiencies of Available SCSDs

Need for Greater Coordination or Consolidation

Conclusions: The Need to Ensure Access, Use, and Maintenance

6 SPATIAL DATA AND WETLANDS

EVALUATION PROCESS

Public Interest in Wetland Protection.

Lack of a Collective Perspective

Impediments

Wetland Information Diffusion Model

7 SHARING OF SPATIAL DATA

RATIONALE FOR A SPATIAL DATA SHARING PROGRAM

Objectives

Examples of Data Sharing Programs

National Geodetic Reference System

North Carolina Land Records Management Program

A PROPOSED SPATIAL DATA SHARING PROGRAM

Key Concepts

Types of Spatial Data

Quality Assurance for Base Data

Metadata

NSDI Spatial Data Sharing Program

Guidelines for System Implementation

Who Donates?

What Data Are Donated?

What Are the Incentives and Requirements to Donate and Distribute?

What Are the Rules for Usage?

Who Supports the Users?

MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING A SPATIAL DATA SHARING PROGRAM

SPATIAL DATA CATALOGS

Distributed Data Catalogs

Information Servers

Information Sources

Applications

8 CONCLUSIONS

IMPROVING THE NSDI

The Principles

Availability

Ease of Use

Flexibility

Foundation for Other Activities

The Components

Data Bases, Metadata, and Sources

Data Networks

Technology

Institutional Arrangements

Policies and Standards

Users

A NEW STRATEGY

Obtain and Maintain National Commitment

Evaluate Requirements, Constraints, and Opportunities

Determine Priorities

Develop Coordination Mechanisms and Organizational Structures

Assign Roles and Responsibilities

Develop Standards and Policies

Develop and Monitor Projects

Identify and Resolve Issues

9 RECOMMENDATIONS

APPENDIX A SPACIAL DATA AND WETLANDS

THE NATURE OF WETLANDS

What Are Wetlands?

What is the Value of Wetlands?

STATE AND CONDITION OF WETLANDS

PROTECTION OF WETLANDS

INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS

What are the Information Requirements?.

What Is the Status of Wetland Data and Information?

IMPEDIMENTS TO A NATIONAL WETLAND INFORMATION SYSTEM

INFORMATION DIFFUSION AND EVOLUTION

Awareness Stage

Policy Formulation Stage

Definitional Formulation Stage

Planning, Management, and Analysis Stage

Private Land Regulation Stage

CONCLUSIONS

ACRONYMS.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9786610195985

9781280195983

1280195983

9780309585590

0309585597

9780585143507

0585143501

OCLC:

43477012