Review of acute human-toxicity estimates for selected chemical-warfare agents / Subcommittee on Toxicity Values for Selected Nerve and Vesicant Agents, Committee on Toxicology, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Toxicity Values for Selected Nerve and Vesicant Agents.

Series:

Compass series (Washington, D.C.)

The compass series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chemical agents (Munitions)--Toxicology.

Chemical agents (Munitions).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (97 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1997.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

No reliable acute-exposure1 standards have been established for the particular purpose of protecting soldiers from toxic exposures to chemical warfare (CW) agents. Some human-toxicity estimates are available for the most common CW agents--organophosphorus nerve agents and vesicants; however, most of those estimates were developed for offensive purposes (that is, to kill or incapacitate the enemy) and were intended to be interim values only. Because of the possibility of a chemical attack by a foreign power, the Army's Office of the Surgeon General asked the Army's Chemical Defense Equipment Process Action Team (CDEPAT) to review the toxicity data for the nerve agents GA (tabun), GB(sarin), GD (soman), GF, and VX, and the vesicant agent sulfur mustard (HD) and to establish a set of exposure limits that would be useful in protecting soldiers from toxic exposures to those agents. This report is an independent review of the CDEPAT report to determine the scientific validity of the proposed estimates.

Contents:

Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for Selected Chemical-Warfare Agents

Copyright

Other Recent Reports of the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology

Other Recent Reports of the Committee on Toxicology

Preface

Contents

Summary

1-Introduction and Background

2-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for GA (Tabun)

PERCUTANEOUS VAPOR EXPOSURE

Lethal Effects (LCt50)

ECt50 for Threshold Effects

INHALATION VAPOR EXPOSURE

ECt50 for Severe Effects

ECt50 for Mild Effects

PERCUTANEOUS LIQUID EXPOSURE

Lethal Effects (LD50)

ED50 for Severe Effects

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for GB (Sarin)

4-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for GD (Soman)

5-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for GF

6-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for VX

PERCUTANEOUS VAPOR EXPOSURE.

Lethal Effects (LCt50)

ECt50, for Severe Effects

Ect50 for Mild Effects

7-Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for HD

8-Evaluation of the Risk-Estimation Procedures Used in the CDEPAT Report

USE OF LOG-PROBIT ANALYSIS

USE OF THE ECT50

USE OF CONFIDENCE LIMITS

References

Glossary

Appendix Offensive Versus Defensive Use of Human-Toxicity Estimates for CW Agents

REFERENCE.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-76).

ISBN:

9786610191512

9780309174558

0309174554

9781280191510

1280191511

9780309569194

0309569192

9780585146676

0585146675

OCLC:

647367822