Global ocean science : toward an integrated approach / Ocean Studies Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.).

Contributor:

National Research Council (U.S.) Ocean Studies Board, Content Provider.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Oceanography--Research--International cooperation.

Oceanography.

Oceanography--Research--Government policy--United States.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xii, 165 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1999.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

During recent years, large-scale investigations into global climate change and other highly visible issues have taken the lion's share of declining research funds. At the same time, funding for basic research in such core disciplines as physical oceanography, biological oceanography, chemical oceanography, and marine geology has dwindled. Global Ocean Science examines how the largest U.S. ocean research programs, such as the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), have significantly contributed to our understanding of the oceans. The book examines the impact of these programs on research, education, and collegiality within this diverse scientific community and offers recommendations to help ensure a vital future for ocean science, including: Specific results of the programs such as data collected, conceptual breakthroughs, information published, demonstrable use of program products, incorporation of new knowledge into education, and contribution to policymaking and decisionmaking by federal agencies. Mechanisms for efficiently identifying knowledge gaps and research questions, strategic planning of research programs, managing competitive proposals, securing needed resources, and more. This practical book will be welcomed by ocean investigators, users of oceanographic research findings, policymakers, administrators, educators, and students.

Contents:

Global Ocean Science

Copyright

Preface

Acknowledgments

Contents

Global Ocean Science

Executive Summary

IMPACT OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS ON OCEAN SCIENCE

Scientific Understanding and Education

Technology and Facilities

Collegiality

SCIENTIFIC AND GENERIC GAPS

STRUCTURING PROGRAMS TO MAXIMIZE SCIENCE ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

IMPROVING SCIENCE BY ENHANCING COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION

LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE

1 Introduction

FOCUS OF THIS STUDY

THE COMMITTEE'S APPROACH

Identification of Data and Information Required

Collection of Relevant Data and Information

Scope of This Report

2 The Role of Major Oceanographic Programs

THE INTERNATIONAL DECADE OF OCEAN EXPLORATION

THE GROWTH OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS

Value for Decision Making

OCEAN SCIENCES AT NSF

Focus Initiatives of NSF/OCE

The U.S. Global Change Research Program

THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND OCEANOGRAPHY

The Present Challenge

3 Enhancing Coordination and Information Sharing

DEVELOPMENT OF LONG- AND SHORT-TERM RESEARCH GOALS

COORDINATION OF MAJOR FIELD PROGRAMS

COORDINATION OF SYNTHESIS ACTIVITIES

LESSONS FROM EXISTING PROGRAMS

4 Accomplishments, Impacts, and Legacies

THE ROLE OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE OCEANS

Data as Legacy

Scientific Accomplishments

Community Perception of Accomplishments

TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT

Technology Development

Facilities

The Research Fleet

Community Perceptions of Technology Development

IMPACT ON EDUCATION

Educational Facilities

Major Oceanographic Programs in the Classroom

Impact on Graduate Education

COLLEGIALITY IN THE OCEANOGRAPHIC ACADEMIC COMMUNITY

Funding Stresses

International Cooperation

5 Gaps and Follow-On Activities.

GAPS WITHIN AND AMONG PROGRAMS

Program Contingency Plans

Combined Process Studies

Continuation of Time Series

The Transition of Data Collection into Sustained Observations

INFRASTRUCTURE RELATED GAPS

Modeling, Synthesis and Data Assimilation

Data Management

Other Infrastructure Components

POTENTIAL FOLLOW-ON ACTIVITIES

ADDRESSING GAPS

6 Program Planning, Structure, and Organization

NATURE OF MAJOR OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS: A COMPARISON

The Present Programs Involving NSF

International Decade of Ocean Exploration (IDOE) Programs

Office of Naval Research Programs

FUTURE PROGRAM INITIATION

STRUCTURE OF FUTURE MAJOR PROGRAMS

Role of Scientific Steering Committee

Program Size

Program Length

Synergy Between Models and Observations

Coordination with Long Lead Time and Mission Agencies, and Ship Scheduling

7 Lessons for the Future: The Role of the National Science Foundation

THE ROLE OF THE OCEAN SCIENCES DIVISION OF NSF

LESSONS LEARNED

Program Initiation

Program Implementation

Program Conclusion

MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR PROGRAMS

Creation of an Interdisciplinary Unit

8 Cited References

Appendixes

Appendix A Committee and Staff Biographies

Committee Members

Appendix B Acronyms and Abbreviations

Appendix C Background Questionnaire

Appendix D Scientific Steering Committee Perspectives Questionnaire

Appendix E Website Questionnaire

Appendix F Summary Budget Data

Appendix G National Science Foundation Division of Ocean Sciences

Policy For Oceanographic Data NSF 94-126

Appendix H Major U.S. Oceanographic Research Programs: Major Publications

World Ocean Circulation Experiment (Woce)

Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (Jgofs)

Ridge Inter-Disciplinary Global Experiments (Ridge).

Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program (Globec)

U.S. Science Support Program (USSSP)/Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)

Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP)

Climate Variability And Predictability Program/Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Program (Clivar/Goals)

Tropical Oceans-Global Atmosphere (Toga)

Appendix I Major U.S. Oceanographic Research Programs: Textbook References

Appendix J Selected Responses to World Wide Web and Scientific Steering Committee Questionnaires (Discussed in Chapters 4…

Index.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

This material is based upon work supported by the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9634773

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9786610185856

9780309173940

0309173949

9781280185854

1280185856

9780309593434

0309593433

9780585054407

0585054401

OCLC:

47009715