Frontiers in chemical engineering : research needs and opportunities / Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers--Research Needs and Opportunities, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers: Research Needs and Opportunities.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chemical engineering--Research--United States.

Chemical engineering.

Chemistry, Technical.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (235 pages) : illustrations, plates

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1988.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.

Contents:

Frontiers In Chemical Engineering

Copyright

Contents

One Executive Summary

RESEARCH FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Starting New Technologies

Biotechnology and Biomedicine (Chapter 3)

Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices (Chapter 4)

Microstructured Materials (Chapters 5 and 9)

Maintaining Leadership in Established Technologies

In-Situ Processing of Energy and Mineral Resources (Chapter 6)

Liquid Fuels for the Future (Chapters 6 and 9)

Protecting and Improving the Environment

Responsible Management of Hazardous Substances (Chapter 7)

Developing Systematic Knowledge and Generic Tools

Advanced Computational Methods and Process Control (Chapter 8)

Surface and Interfacial Engineering (Chapter 9)

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS

Education and Training of Chemical Engineers (Chapter 10)

The Future Size and Composition of Academic Departments (Chapter 10)

Balanced Portfolios (Chapter 10)

The Need for Expanded Support of Research in Chemistry (Chapter 10)

Two What Is Chemical Engineering

TRADITIONAL PARADIGMS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Unit Operations

The Engineering Science Movement

THE CONTEMPORARY TRAINING OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS

A NEW PARADIGM FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

NOTE

Three Biotechnology and Biomedicine

CHALLENGES TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERS

Human Health

Artificial Organs, Artificial Tissues, and Prostheses

Diagnostics

Preventing and Curing Disease

Agriculture

Biochemical Synthesis

Environment and Natural Resources

INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION

INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS

Models for Fundamental Biological Interactions

Biological Surfaces and Interfaces

Bioprocessing

Bioreactors for Manufacturing Processes

Process Monitoring and Control

Separation of Bioproducts.

Engineering Analysis of Complex Biological Systems

IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS

NOTES

Suggested Reading

Four Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices

CURRENT CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

Microcircuits

Light Wave Media and Devices

Recording Media

Materials and Devices for Interconnection and Packaging

Photovoltaics

Superconductors

Interconnection and Packaging

General Observations

Process Integration

Reactor Engineering and Design

Ultrapurification

Chemical Synthesis and Processing of Polymeric Materials

Chemical Synthesis and Processing of Ceramic Materials

Deposition of Thin Films

Modeling and the Study of Chemical Dynamics

Engineering For Environmental Protection And Process Safety

Five Polymers, Ceramics, and Composites

Polymers

Polymer Composites

Advanced Ceramics

Sol-Gel Processing

Chemical Additives in Ceramic Processing

Ceramic Composites

Composite Liquids

Polymers and Polymer Composites

Ceramics and Ceramic Composites

Microscale Structures and Processes

New Concepts in Molecular Design of Composite Materials

The Role of Interfaces in Materials Chemistry

Understanding the Molecular Behavior of Complex Liquids

Chemical Dynamics and Modeling of Molecular Processes

The Intimate Connection Between Materials Synthesis and Processing

Processing of Complex Liquids

Processing of Powders

Processing of Polymers

Process Design and Control.

Fabrication and Repair of Materials Systems

Designing Systems from the Molecules on Up

Chemical Processing in the Fabrication of Materials System

Detection and Repair of Flaws in Materials Systems

Six Processing of Energy and Natural Resources

TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLOITING ENERGY SOURCES

Enhanced Oil Recovery

Shale Oil Production

Conversion of Coal to Gaseous and Liquid Fuels

New Raw Materials for Petroleum Refineries

Municipal Solid Waste as an Energy Source

Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fusion

Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

Solar Power

Geothermal Energy

Plant Biomass as a Fuel Source

TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLOITING MINERAL AND METAL RESOURCES

High-Concentration Raw Materials

Low-Concentration Raw Materials

Waste Streams as Sources of Minerals and Metals

In-Situ Processing

Processing Solids

Separation Processes

Materials

Advanced Methods for Design and Scale-up

Other Important Research

Seven Environmental Protection, Process Safety, and Hazardous Waste Management

IMPACT ON SOCIETY OF CHEMICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Chemical Industry Safety

Combustion of Fuels for Power Generation and Transportation

Hazardous Waste Management

DESIGN OF INHERENTLY SAFER AND LESS POLLUTING PLANTS AND PROCESSES

COMBUSTION

Hydrocarbons and Fuel-Bound Nitrogen

Soot

Ash

Sulfur Oxides

Fires and Explosions

HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

Detoxification of Currently Generated Waste

Thermal Destruction

Biodegradation

Wet Oxidation

Remediation of Toxic Waste Sites

Monitoring

BEHAVIOR OF EFFLUENTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT.

The Atmospheric Environment

The Aquatic and Soil Environments

Ambient Monitoring

Multimedia Approach to Integrated Chemical Management

ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS

Risk Assessment

Hazard Identification and Assessment

Exposure Assessment

Risk Management

Eight Computer-Assisted Process and Control Engineering

USING THE COMPUTER'S POTENTIAL

MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF FUNDAMENTAL PHENOMENA

Hydrodynamic Systems

Polymer Processing

Petroleum Production

Combustion Systems

Environmental Systems

PROCESS DESIGN

Computer-Assisted Design of New Processes

Computer-Assisted Process Retrofitting

Research Opportunities in Process Design

PROCESS OPERATIONS AND CONTROL

Measurements

Interpretation of Process Information

Integration of Process Design with Control

Robust and Adaptive Control

Batch Process Engineering

PROCESS SENSORS

Future Sensor Developments

Research Opportunities

PROCESS ENGINEERING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Nine Surfaces, Interfaces, and Microstructures

The Nature Of Structure

Relationship To Applications Of Chemical Engineering

Biochemical And Biomedical Engineering

Electronic, Photonic, And Recording Materials And Devices

Polymers, Ceramics, And Composites

Processing Of Energy And Natural Resources

Environmental Protection, Process Safety, And Hazardous Waste Management

Catalysis

Catalyst Synthesis

Characterization of Catalyst Structure

Surface Chemistry

Catalyst Design

Electrochemistry and Corrosion

Charge Transfer

Molecular Dynamics

Supramolecular Microstructures

Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices

Characterization of Microstructure.

Photoresist Processing

Chemical Vapor Deposition and Plasma Deposition/Etching of Thin Films

Mathematical Modeling

Colloids, Surfactants, and Fluid Interfaces

Ceramics, Cements, and Structural Composites

Membranes

RESEARCH NEEDS

Instrumentation

Microscopy and Microtomography

Scattering Methods

Resonance Spectroscopies

Other Important Methods

Cost and Availability

Theory

Ten Recommendations

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACADEMIA

Education and Training of Chemical Engineers

The Future Size and Composition of Academic Departments

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDUSTRY

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GOVERNMENT

Balanced Portfolios

Support Mechanisms in Perspective

Recommendations for Specific Federal Agencies

National Science Foundation

Department of Energy

National Institutes of Health

Department of Defense

Environmental Protection Agency

National Bureau of Standards

Bureau of Mines

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

American Institute of Chemical Engineers

American Chemical Society

Council for Chemical Research

CONCLUSION

Appendix A Detailed Recommendations for Funding

CURRENT FUNDING PATTERNS

THE COST OF FRONTIER RESEARCH

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

Biotechnology and Biomedicine

NSF Initiative 1

NSF Initiative 2

NSF Initiative 3

Processing of Energy and Natural Resources

NSF Initiative 4

Environmental Protection, Process Safety, and Hazardous Waste Management

NSF Initiative 5

Computer-Assisted Process and Control Engineering

NSF Initiative 6

Surface and Interfacial Engineering

NSF Initiative 7

Research Excellence Awards

NSF Initiative 8

Conclusion

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

In-Situ Processing of Energy and Mineral Resources

DOE Initiative 1.

Liquid Fuels for the Future.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographies and index.

ISBN:

9786610246830

9781280246838

1280246839

9780309555197

0309555191

9780585037400

058503740X

OCLC:

42330453