Use of laboratory animals in biomedical and behavioral research / Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council [and] Institute of Medicine.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research.

Institute of Medicine (U.S.)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Animal experimentation.

Vivisection.

Laboratory animals.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (112 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1988.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.

Contents:

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Copyright

Contents

Preface

Executive Summary

PATTERNS OF ANIMAL USE

BENEFITS DERIVED FROM THE USE OF ANIMALS

ALTERNATIVE METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH

REGULATORY ISSUES

USE OF POUND ANIMALS

1 Introduction

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Use of Animals in Research

Concerns Over Animal Use

PRESENT SITUATION

2 Patterns of Animal Use

NUMBERS OF ANIMALS USED

USE OF ANIMALS IN RESEARCH BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

USE OF ANIMALS IN EDUCATION

USE OF ANIMALS IN TESTING

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND FUTURE LABORATORY USE OF ANIMALS

SUMMARY

3 Benefits Derived from the Use of Animals

POLIO

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME

TRANSPLANTATION

CARDIOVASCULAR-RENAL SYSTEMS

NERVOUS SYSTEM

Movement and Function

Behavior

Postnatal Development of the Visual Cortex and the Influence of Environment

Memory

Pain

OTHER BENEFITS FOR HUMANS

BENEFITS FOR ANIMALS

4 Alternative Methods in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG LIFE FORMS

ANIMAL MODELS

ALTERNATIVES TO MAMMALS

Nonmammalian Vertebrates

Invertebrates

Microorganism

Cell and Tissue Cultures

Human Tissues

In Vitro Systems and Mathematical Models

Refinements

ALTERNATIVE METHODS IN TESTING

5 Regulatory Issues

APPROACHES TO REGULATION

FEDERAL REGULATIONS

Legislation Passed in 1985: The Health Research Extension Act and the Food Security Act

GOVERNMENT POLICY STATEMENTS

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Good Laboratory Practices Regulations

STATE REGULATIONS

Granting Agency Approach to Regulation

Self-Regulation

EFFECTS OF REGULATIONS.

Effects on Training and Education

Effects on Experimental Results

Effects on Direct Expense of Research

Effects on the Animals

ENFORCEMENT AND ENACTMENT OF REGULATIONS AND LAWS

6 Use of Pound Animals

SUPPLY OF POUND ANIMALS

REGULATIONS

SCIENTIFIC CONSIDERATIONS

BENEFITS

COST CONSIDERATIONS

CONCERNS FOR THE ANIMALS

7 Conclusions and Recommendations

RECOMMENDATIONS

References

Individual Statements by Members of the Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and ...

ARTHUR C. GUYTON

CHRISTINE STEVENS

Appendix A 1896 Report of the National Academy of Sciences

Appendix B Curricula Vitae of Committee Members

Appendix C Invited Speakers at Committee Meetings

Index.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9786610214938

9781280214936

1280214937

9780309564229

0309564220

9780585144160

0585144168

OCLC:

70772912