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Sea-level change / Geophysics Study Committee, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council.
- Format:
- Book
- Series:
- Studies in geophysics.
- Studies in geophysics
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Sea level.
- Coast changes.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (xii, 234 pages) : illustrations, maps
- Edition:
- 1st ed.
- Place of Publication:
- Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1990.
- Language Note:
- English
- Summary:
- Explores the views among scientists on the causes and mechanisms of sea-level change. This book examines measurement programs and make recommendations aimed at improving our understanding of the factors that affect sea level. It is meant for scientists, engineers, policymakers, the environmental community, researchers, and students.
- Contents:
- Sea-Level Change
- Copyright
- PREFACE
- Contents
- OVERVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- INTRODUCTION
- PROCESSES AND FEEDBACKS
- Time Scales of Sea-Level Change
- Sea Level and the Geoid
- Land Elevation Changes
- Effects of Atmospheric Pressure, Winds, and Ocean Currents
- Changes in the Mass of Ocean Water
- Eustatic Effects of Changes in Liquid Water on Land
- Changes in the Volume of Water Without Changes in Mass
- Volume of Ocean Basins
- RECORD OF CURRENT AND PAST CHANGE
- Historic and Tide-Gauge Records-The Past 100 Years
- The Past 18,000 Years
- The Past 250,000 Years
- The Past 250 Million Years
- From 250 to 2500 Ma
- DO CHANGES IN SEA LEVEL CAUSE CHANGES IN CLIMATE?
- FORECASTING CHANGES IN SEA LEVEL RELATED TO GREENHOUSE GASES
- HOW CAN WE IMPROVE THE MEASUREMENT OF SEA-LEVEL CHANGE?
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES
- THE RECORD
- 1 Recent Changes in Sea Level: A Summary
- SOME PRIOR STUDIES OF "GLOBAL" SEALEVEL
- THE DATA
- Sources and Distribution
- Instruments
- Potential Problems
- ESTIMATES OF RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL CHANGE: KEY STATION APPROACH
- Methods
- Results
- ESTIMATES OF RSL CHANGE: AREA AVERAGE APPROACH
- Cautions: Nonuniqueness
- DISCUSSION: POSSIBLE CAUSES
- Subsidence Argument
- Global Warming
- Glacial Retreat
- Ocean Circulation Changes
- CONCLUSIONS
- References
- 2 North Atlantic Sea Level and Circulation
- ABSTRACT
- OBSERVED SEA-LEVEL VARIABILITY
- Western Boundary
- Eastern Boundary
- FORCING FUNCTIONS
- Air Pressure
- Wind Stress
- Wind-Forced Ocean Circulation
- Thermohaline Changes
- MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
- SECULAR CHANGES OF SEA LEVEL
- DISCUSSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- References.
- 3 Large-Scale Coherence of Sea Level at Very Low Frequencies
- SEA LEVEL ALONG A SINGLE COAST
- SEA LEVEL AT SAN FRANCISCO AND CASCAIS
- SEA-LEVEL SIGNALS FROM PROPAGATING OCEAN WAVES
- Pacific Ocean
- Atlantic Ocean
- SAN FRANCISCO TO CASCAIS
- 4 Glacial Isostatic Adjustment and Relative Sea-Level Change
- THE GLOBAL MODEL OF GLACIAL ISOSTASY
- Postglacial Variations of Relative Sea Level
- The Free-Air Gravity Anomaly over Centers of Post-Glacial Rebound
- PLEISTOCENE DEGLACIATION AND EARTH ROTATION
- SECULAR VARIATIONS OF RELATIVE SEA LEVEL WITH GLACIAL ISOSTASY REMOVED
- 5 Quaternary Sea-Level Change
- APPROPRIATE (AND INAPPROPRIATE) TECHNOLOGY
- Stratigraphic Context of Study Materials
- Geochronology/Chronostratigraphy
- The 18O Ice Volume/Temperature Relationship
- 18O and 13C Relationships to Subaerial Exposure Surfaces
- THE 18 KABP TO PRESENT TIME INTERVAL
- Latest Pleistocene Maximum Continental Ice Volume
- Lowest, Low Sea-Level Estimates for the 18-KaBP Shoreline
- Submergence Curves for 12 KaBP to Present
- Calibration of Deep-Sea 18O Signal as Continental Ice Volume
- THE 180- TO 18-KABP TIME INTERVAL
- Coral-Reef Terrace Sequences
- The 18O Record from Coral-Reef Terraces and Deep-Sea Cores
- The Deep-Sea 18O Record as an Ice-Volume Signal
- THE PAST AS THE KEY TO THE FUTURE
- West Antarctic Ice Surge Accompanying Warm Interglacial High Stand
- Ice Growth Adjacent to a Warm Ocean
- GLACIO-EUSTACY IN STRATIGRAPHIC PREDICTION
- 6 Graphic Analysis of Dislocated Quaternary Shorelines
- THE GLACIAL CYCLE: 104 TO 105 YEARS.
- TERRACES OF SEA-LEVEL MAXIMA DURING AND SINCE THE LAST INTERGLACIAL
- TECTONIC MOVEMENTS ON THE TIME SCALE OF 20,000 YEARS
- CONTRADICTORY SEA-LEVEL EVIDENCE FROM OXYGEN ISOTOPES AND CORAL REEFS
- SEA LEVEL DURING FULL-GLACIAL AND STADIAL INTERVALS
- LATE-GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE SEA LEVELS: THE 103-TO 104-YEAR TIME SCALE
- 7 Seismic Stratigraphic Record of Sea-Level Change
- Conventional Stratigraphic Record of Sea-Level Change
- Seismic Stratigraphic Record of Sea-Level Change
- SEISMIC IMAGING OF STRATAL GEOMETRY
- SEISMIC RESOLUTION
- Vertical Resolution
- Horizontal Resolution
- RECOGNITION OF UNCONFORMITIES IN SEISMIC SECTIONS
- SEISMIC REFLECTIONS LACKING PRIMARY STRATIGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE
- CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE OF UNCONFORMITIES
- Diachronous Unconformity on the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge
- Diachronous Unconformity in Alluvial-Fan Sediments along the San Andreas Fault
- ORIGIN OF UNCONFORMITIES
- Sea-Level Change and Sediment Supply
- Tectonics
- GEOCHRONOLOGY
- INTERPRETATION OF SEA-LEVEL CHANGE
- Coastal Aggradation
- Downward Shifts in Onlap
- Coastal Encroachment
- Global Onlap Chart
- Eustatic Curve
- SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- 8 Long-Term Eustasy and Epeirogeny in Continents
- VERY LONG TIME CHANGES OF FLOODING
- METHODS
- VOLUME OF MID-OCEAN RIDGES
- ICE-VOLUME EFFECT
- VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
- OCEAN SEDIMENT VOLUMES
- REDUCTION IN CONTINENTAL AREA
- OCEAN COOLING
- SUMMARY OF VOLUME EFFECTS
- SEA LEVEL MEASURED FROM CONTINENTAL FLOODING
- EPEIROGENY OF THE CONTINENTS
- COMPARISON OF VOLUME AND FLOODING ESTIMATES
- DISCUSSION OF EPEIROGENIC MOVEMENTS
- CHANGING THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE OCEAN BASINS
- CRETACEOUS FLUCTUATIONS
- NOTE ADDED IN PROOF
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
- References
- 9 Could Possible Changes in Global Groundwater Reservoir Cause Eustatic Sea-Level Fluctuations?
- THE PRESENT DAY HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND RUNOFF
- SEDIMENTARY RESERVOIRS OF THE CONTINENTAL BLOCKS
- Cratonic Sediments
- Geosynclinal Sediments
- Coastal Plain and Continental Shelf Sediments
- SEDIMENTS AS HYDROLOGIC RESERVOIRS
- POTENTIAL WATER-BEARING CAPACITY OF THE MAJOR SEDIMENT RESERVOIRS
- WATER-BEARING CAPACITY AND CONTINENTAL ELEVATION
- A HYPOTHETICAL MODEL OF CONTINENTAL ELEVATION AND SEA-LEVEL CHANGE
- RESIDENCE TIMES
- MECHANISMS FOR CHANGING THE VOLUME OF GROUNDWATER
- SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGES IN THE GROUNDWATER TABLE FOR ACCUMULATION OF HYDROCARBONS AND FOR MINERALIZATION
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- 10 Role of Land Ice in Present and Future Sea-Level Change
- ICE ON EARTH AT THE PRESENT
- Glaciers and Small Ice Caps
- Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets
- CHANGES IN ICE IN THE NEXT CENTURY
- Energy and Mass Balances as a Function of Altitude
- Time Scales of Ice Wastage and Dynamic Response
- The Warming of Cold Snow and Firn
- Flow and Iceberg Calving of Tidewater Glaciers
- Stability of Ice Streams and Ice Shelves
- Increased Accumulation on Antarctica
- A LONGER-TERM PERSPECTIVE
- Fluctuations in CO2 Observed in Ice Cores
- Rapid Deglaciation in North America
- Did the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Disappear during the Last Interglacial?
- 11 Sea Level and Climate Change
- DIRECT EFFECTS OF SEA LEVEL ON CLIMATE
- Atmosphere-Surface Coupling
- Ocean Circulation
- Annual Temperature Cycle
- Ice Sheets
- Ocean Chemistry
- INDIRECT SEA-LEVEL AND CLIMATE ASSOCIATIONS
- SUMMARY
- 12 Long-Term Aspects of Future Atmospheric CO2 and Sea-Level Changes
- TIME SCALES OF SEA-LEVEL CHANGE
- TIME SCALES OF CARBON CYCLE CHANGE
- EXTENDING PREDICTIVE CO2 MODELS TO LONGER TIME SCALES
- A COUPLED ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN-SEDIMENT MODEL
- THE LONG-TERM PERSISTENCE OF FOSSIL-FUEL CO2
- 13 Sea Level and the Thermal Variability of the Ocean
- BERMUDA SEA LEVEL AND THE PANULIRUS DATA
- THE EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC
- FUTURE MEASUREMENTS
- 14 Strategy for Future Measurements of Very-Low-Frequency Sea-Level Change
- DETECTABILITY OF LONG-TERM TREND
- CRUSTAL NOISE
- THERMAL EXPANSION VERSUS CHANGES OF OCEAN MASS
- MEASUREMENT OF G
- PRESSURE ON THE SEA FLOOR
- INVERTED FATHOMETER
- TOMOGRAPHY
- INTERPRETATION
- A PROPOSED STRATEGY
- INDEX.
- Notes:
- Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- ISBN:
- 9786610214433
- 9781280214431
- 1280214430
- 9780309555463
- 0309555469
- 9780585144986
- 0585144982
- OCLC:
- 427404632
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