Our seabed frontier : challenges and choices / report of the Committee on Seabed Utilization in the Exclusive Economic Zone [and] Marine Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Seabed Utilization in the Exclusive Economic Zone.

National Research Council (U.S.). Marine Board.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Ocean bottom--United States.

Ocean bottom.

Submarine topography.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (156 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1989.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The establishment of the US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in 1983 presents the nation with an opportunity and a challenge to wisely use its diverse resources. This book assesses the state of knowledge of seafloor properties and processes as they relate to utilization of the US EEZ seabed.

Contents:

Our Seabed Frontier

Copyright

Preface

THE COMMITTEE

SCOPE OF STUDY

METHOD OF STUDY

ORGANIZATION OF REPORT

Acknowledgments

Contents

Executive Summary

APPROACH OF STUDY

USES AND RELATED ISSUES

Oil and Gas Resources

Mineral Resources

Waste Disposal

Communication Cables and Military Uses

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

Ocean Energy Systems

Cultural and Recreational Resources

TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION ISSUES

Surveying and Mapping

Geotechnical Investigation Systems

Monitoring of the Seabed

Technology Development

GOVERNANCE AND POLICY ISSUES

RECOMMENDATIONS

1 Seabed Jurisdiction and Utilization

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE EEZ

AREAL DEFINITION

RESOURCE UTILIZATION

2 Seabed Processes and Research Activities

SEABED CHARACTERISTICS

Regional Features

EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Earthquakes

Tsunamis

Hurricanes and Storm-Related Waves

Currents

Ice-Bottom Interaction

NATURAL SEABED PROCESSES

Sediment Mass Movements

Sediment Dynamics

SEDIMENT PROPERTIES

Physical Properties

Compressibility and Permeability

Chemical Properties

Gas Hydrates

Ferromanganese Deposits

Sediment Oxidation-Reduction Chemistry

Biological Properties

SEABED RESEARCH

Surveying

Sampling

Sediment Transport and Organism-Sediment Interaction

Gas and Frost in Sediments

Slope Stability

Physical and Biological Research

Remote Sensing

Research Activities

3 Present and Potential Uses of the Seabed

OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES

Background

Scope of Development

Development Constraints

Seafloor Gradients

Seafloor Geologic Processes

Knowledge

Engineering Properties of Sediments

Production Siting and Facilities

Summary

MINERAL EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Background.

Scope of Development

Resource Estimation

Reconnaissance and Exploration

Recovery Technology

Environmental Impact Assessment

Leasing Policy and Regulation

Use Conficts

WASTE DISPOSAL

Understanding Fates and Effects

Isolating Contaminated Materials

Jensen Criteria Limits

State of Connecticut Classification

Regulation

U.S. Regulations

International Agreements

Siting

Public Perception

CABLES AND MILITARY USES

Cables

Military Uses

Constraints to Development

Geophysical Constraints

Use Conflicts

OCEAN ENERGY RESOURCES

CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL RESOURCES

4 Technology and Data Acquisition

SURVEYING AND MAPPING

Mapping Technologies

Profiling Systems

Direct Sampling

Navigation/Positioning Systems

Mapping Programs

Government Agencies

Industry

Academia

Mapping Strategy

Reconnaissance Mapping

Task-Specific Mapping

Limitations and Constraints

Effectiveness of Profiling Systems

Data Archiving, Processing and Interpretation

Direct Sampling Problems

Development Costs and Limited Markets

Survey Cost Effectiveness

SEABED GEOTECHNICAL DATA

Deployment Systems

Sampling Systems

In Situ Testing Systems

Laboratory Testing

Experimental Model Testing Systems

Technology Limitations/Needs

EEZ SEABED MONITORING

Reference Monitoring.

Process-Oriented Monitoring

Use-Related Monitoring

Oil and Gas

Minerals

Military

Monitoring Needs

Pollutant Detection

Biological Assessments

Sampling Strategies

Frontier Environment Considerations

Technology Advances

Nontechnical Problem Resolution

DATA MANAGEMENT

5 The Challenges of EEZ Use

A FRAMEWORK FOR SITE EVALUATION

Geology

Geotechnical Properties

Oceanography

Biology

TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS FOR THE SEABED

Mapping and Surveying

Geotechnical Data

Monitoring

SUMMARY

6 Coordination and Planning

REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

The Complexities of the EEZ

Multiple-Use Conflicts

The Regulatory Framework

Oil and Gas Regulation

Hard Minerals

Fisheries

Federal Licensing of Ports and Offshore Facilities

Existing Planning and Coordination Processes

PLANNING AND GOVERNANCE

Balancing Different Interests

COORDINATION AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS

A National Policy for the EEZ

Optimizing Research Investments and Capability

Coordinating Mechanisms

7 Conclusions and Recommendations

COORDINATION AND PLANNING

Recommendations

SPECIFIC USES

RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

Recommendation

PROTECTION OF UNIQUE AREAS

References

Glossary of Acronyms

Appendix A Presidential EEZ Proclamation

Appendix B Committee Biographies

Appendix C Participants of the Workshop on Uses and Technology for the Exclusive Economic Zone Seabed, Keystone, Colorado.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Bibliography: p. 119-130.

ISBN:

9786610214167

9781280214165

1280214163

9780309595995

0309595991

9780585143934

0585143935

OCLC:

70772999