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Arsenic : medical and biological effects of environmental pollutants / Committee on Medical and Biological Effects of Environmental Pollutants.

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Format:
Book
Author/Creator:
Assembly of Life Sciences (U.S.). Committee on Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants.
Contributor:
United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine.
Series:
Public health statement
Language:
English
Subjects (All):
Arsenic--Toxicology.
Arsenic.
Arsenic--Environmental aspects.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (viii, 332 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
Place of Publication:
Washington, D.C. : National Academies Press, c1977.
Language Note:
English
Contents:
ARSENIC
Acknowledgments
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Chemistry of Arsenic
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE
ARSENOUS AND ARSENIC ACIDS
ARSENITES AND ARSENATES
ESTERS OF ARSENOUS AND ARSENIC ACIDS
ARSENIC SULFIDES
ORGANIC ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
METHYLATION OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
METHANEARSONIC ACID
DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID
ALKYLARSINES AND DIALKYLARSINES
ALKYLDIHALOARSINES AND DIALKYLHALOARSINES
3 Distribution of Arsenic in the Environment
NATURAL SOURCES
Earth's Crust
Igneous and Sedimentary Rock
Soil
Water
Plants
Animals and Humans
Air
MAN-MADE SOURCES
Production
Uses
Insecticides
Herbicides
Desiccants
Wood Preservatives
Feed Additives
Drugs
War Gases and Riot-Control Agents
Other Minor Uses
Residues
Soils
Animals
Foods
Disposal
Waste from Agricultural Uses of Pesticides and Herbicides
Waste from Use of Arsenical Feed Additives
Waste from Industrial Uses of Arsenic
Summary
THE ARSENIC CYCLE
4 Metabolism of Arsenic
PLANTS
Absorption of Arsenic Compounds
Translocation of Arsenic Compounds
MICROORGANISMS
Bacteria
Fungi and Molds
Algae
Plankton
MOLLUSKS AND CRUSTACEANS
FISH
BIRDS
MAMMALS
Forms of Arsenic in the Diet and Water
Animal Tissues
Physiologic Aspects of Arsenic Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract
Distribution of Arsenic in the Body
Dermal Absorption of Cacodylic Acid in Man
5 Biologic Effects of Arsenic on Plants and Animals
Toxicity
Adaptation
Biochemical Response to Arsenic Compounds
Phytotoxicity of Organic Arsenicals
Interactions between Arsenicals and Nutrients
Mode of Action
LABORATORY ANIMALS
Factors That Can Influence the Toxicity of Arsenic Compounds.
The Problem of Toxic versus "No-Effect" Dosages
Mechanisms of Toxicity of Arsenic Compounds
Adaptation to Toxicity of Arsenic Compounds
Experimental Inhalation Toxicity
Arsenicals and Resistance to Infection
Arsenic as Antagonist to Selenium Poisoning
Nutritional Essentiality of Arsenic
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Inorganic and Aliphatic Organic Arsenicals
Signs and Lesions of Toxicosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Therapeutic Measures
Phenylarsonic Feed Additives
Recommended Uses and Factors Affecting Toxicity
Excretion and Recommended Withdrawal Time
Diagnosis of Toxicosis Produced by the Phenylarsonic Acids
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
WILDLIFE
6 Biologic Effects of Arsenic on Man
TOXICITY
Reactions to Contact with Arsenic
Acute Arsenic Poisoning
Subacute Arsenic Poisoning
Chronic Arsenic Exposure
Late Effects of Exposure to Arsenic
Occupational Episodes of Toxicity
Sheep-Dip Factory Workers
Smelters
Vintners
Miscellaneous Considerations
Organic Arsenicals
Arsenic in Hair and Nails
Arsenic and the Immune Response
Arsenic as Therapy
Uniqueness of Human Skin
Other Dermatologic Conditions
TERATOGENESIS
MUTAGENESIS
CARCINOGENESIS
Clinical Reports
Occupational Exposure
Population Studies
Experimental Animal Studies
Evaluation
Skin Cancer
Lung Cancer
Liver Cancer
Experimentally Induced Cancer
7 Summary and Conclusions
CHEMISTRY
DISTRIBUTION
METABOLISM
EFFECTS ON ANIMALS AND PLANTS
EFFECTS ON MAN
MEASUREMENT
CONCLUSIONS
8 Recommendations
Appendix A: Arsenic Content of Plants and Plant Products
Appendix B: Arsenic Content of Animals
Appendix C: Determining Traces of Arsenic in Natural Materials
COLLECTION, SUBDIVISION, AND STORAGE OF SAMPLES.
PRETREATMENT AND DISSOLUTION OF SAMPLES
PRECONCENTRATION OF ARSENIC SPECIES
METHODS OF DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ARSENIC
Molecular-Absorption Spectrophotometry
Atomic Absorption
Atomic-Emission Spectroscopy
Neutron-Activation Analysis
Electrochemical Methods
Gas Chromatography
Other Methods
METHODS OF DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
Glossary
References
Index.
Notes:
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN:
1-280-24641-3
9786610246410
0-309-59155-4
OCLC:
726823343

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