Neem : a tree for solving global problems : report of an ad hoc panel of the Board on Science and Technology for International Development, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Science and Technology for International Development.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Neem.

Neem products.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (ix, 141 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1992.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The neem tree, one of the most promising of all plants, may eventually benefit every person on the planet. Probably no other plant yields as many varied products or has as many exploitable by-products. Indeed, as foreseen by some scientists, this tree may usher in a new era in pest control; provide millions with inexpensive medicines; cut the rate of population growth; and perhaps even reduce erosion, deforestation, and the excessive temperature of an overheated globe. On the other hand, although the enthusiasm may be justified, it is largely founded on exploratory investigations and empirical and anecdotal evidence. The purpose of this book is to marshal the various facts about this little-known species, to help illuminate its future promise, and to speed realization of its potential.

Contents:

NEEM

Copyright

Preface

Contents

Foreword

1 The Vision

2 The Reality

DISADVANTAGES

Lack of Experience

Genetic Variability

Lack of Registration

Lack of Standards

Conflicting Approaches

Economic Uncertainties

Handling Difficulties

Geographical Limitations

Planting Difficulties

Silviculture Difficulties

Instability

Health Hazards

Environmental Safety

Slow Action

Damage to Plants

Method of Application

Protecting the Tree

Medical Limitations

Synthetic Competition

3 The Tree

DESCRIPTION

DISTRIBUTION

PROPAGATION

GROWTH

PROBLEMS

Pests

Diseases

Nutrient Deficiencies

Other Problems

4 What's in a Neem

LIMONOIDS

Azadirachtin

Meliantriol

Salannin

Nimbin and Nimbidin

Others

PRODUCTION

Water Extraction

Hexane Extraction

Pentane Extraction

Alcohol Extraction

FORMULATIONS

Additives

METHODS OF APPLICATION

SYSTEMIC EFFECT

5 Effects on Insects

INSECTS AFFECTED

Orthoptera

Homoptera

Thysanoptera

Coleoptera

Lepidoptera

Diptera

Hymenoptera

Heteroptera

EXAMPLES

Desert Locust

Cockroach

Brown Planthopper

Stored-Product Insects

Armyworm

Colorado Potato Beetle

Leafminers

European Corn Borer

Mosquitoes

Aphids

Fruit Flies

Gypsy Moth

Horn Flies

Blowflies

6 Effects on Other Organisms

NEMATODES

SNAILS

CRUSTACEANS

FUNGI

Aflatoxin

PLANT VIRUSES

NONTARGET SPECIES

Earthworms

Beneficial Insects

7 Medicinals

FUNGICIDES

ANTIBACTERIALS

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS

DERMATOLOGICAL INSECTS

DENTAL TREATMENTS

CHAGAS' DISEASE

MALARIA

PAIN RELIEF AND FEVER REDUCTION

BIRTH CONTROL

VETERINARY MEDICINE

Controlling Insects

Controlling Bacteria

Controlling Intestinal Worms

A WORD OF CAUTION.

8 Industrial Products

NEEM OIL

Soap

Cosmetics

Lubricants

FERTILIZERS

Neem Cake

Neem Leaves

TIMBER

FUEL

OTHER PRODUCTS

9 Reforestation

ESTABLISHMENT

ASIA

India

Burma

Indonesia

Pakistan

Philippines

Saudi Arabia

Thailand

AFRICA

Senegal

Ghana

Niger

Nigeria

Mali

Sudan

THE AMERICAS

Haiti

United States

THE PACIFIC

10 Next Steps

GENERAL ACTIONS

PESTICIDE RESEARCH

Preparation of Extracts

Studies of Effectiveness

Modes of Action

Formulation of Products

Safety

Pest Resistance

Human Resistance

Specialized Uses

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

NEEM OIL RESEARCH

Oil Purification

Product Development

NONINSECT PESTS

HUMAN HEALTH

GENETIC IMPROVEMENT

BIOTECHNOLOGY

REFORESTATION

Wood Products

Fruit Orchards

Agroforestry

Plant Viruses

Plant Bacteria

RELATED SPECIES

APPENDIX A Safety Tests

APPENDIX B BREAKTHROUGHS IN POPULATION CONTROL?

NEEM OIL FOR THE "MORNING AFTER

NEEM OIL AS SPERMICIDE

NEEM-LEAF EXTRACT TO REDUCE MALE FERTILITY

APPENDIX C REFERENCES AND SELECTED READINGS

CONFERENCE REPORTS

NEWSLETTER

BIBLIOGRAPHY

THE VISION (CHAPTER 1)

THE REALITY (CHAPTER 2)

THE TREE (CHAPTER 3)

WHAT'S IN A NEEM (CHAPTER 4)

EFFECTS ON INSECTS (CHAPTER 5)

EFFECTS ON OTHER ORGANISMS (CHAPTER 6)

MEDICINALS (CHAPTER 7)

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS (CHAPTER 8)

REFORESTATION (CHAPTER 9)

NEXT STEPS (CHAPTER 10)

APPENDIX D RESEARCH CONTACTS

Bangladesh

Malaysia

People's Republic of China

Sri Lanka

PACIFIC

Australia

New Zealand

Kenya

Mauritius

Rwanda

Tanzania

Togo

EUROPE

Belgium

France

Germany

Netherlands.

Switzerland

United Kingdom

MIDDLE EAST

Israel

The Sudan

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA

Argentina

Brazil

Costa Rica

Ecuador

Nicaragua

NORTH AMERICA

Canada

APPENDIX E Biographical Sketches of Panel Members

The BOSTID Innovation Program

Board on Science and Technology for International Development

HOW TO ORDER BOSTID REPORTS

ENERGY

TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS

PLANTS

INNOVATIONS IN TROPICAL FORESTRY

MANAGING TROPICAL ANIMAL RESOURCES

HEALTH

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

BOSTID Publication Distributors

U.S.:

Europe:

Asia:

South America:

Africa:

Australasia:.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

ISBN:

9786610203154

9781280203152

1280203153

9780309584364

0309584361

9780585002330

0585002339

OCLC:

42328520