Dual-use technologies and export administration in the post-Cold War era : documents from a joint program of the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences / Office of International Affairs, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)

National Research Council (U.S.). Office of International Affairs.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Technology transfer--Russia (Federation)--Congresses.

Technology transfer.

Technology transfer--United States--Congresses.

Export controls--Russia (Federation)--Congresses.

Export controls.

Export controls--United States--Congresses.

Disarmament--Economic aspects--Russia (Federation)--Congresses.

Disarmament.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (230 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Cover title : Dual-use technologies and export control in the post-Cold War era

Dual-use technologies and export control in the post-Cold War era.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, c1994.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book arises from a joint NAS-Russian Academy of Sciences program to explore possible new approaches to the control of sensitive dual-use technologies, with respect to expanded trade between Western advanced industrialized countries and the republics of the former Soviet Union as well as to the export trade of the Russian and other CIS republics with countries of proliferation concern.

Contents:

Dual-Use Technologies and Export Administration in the Post-Cold War Era

Copyright

PREFACE

Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA A Joint Statement of the U...

JOINT STATEMENT OF THE DELEGATIONS OF THE RAS AND NAS ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION

PREAMBLE

INTRODUCTION

Export Administration

Defense Conversion

Brain Drain

Sustaining Russian Science and Technology

ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE UNITED STATES

National Security

Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern

Confidence Building

ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

PROPOSED RECOMMENDATIONS

National Security Concerns

COMPLETE TEXT OF "ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR MULTILATERAL EXPORT CONTROLS (COCOM)

NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP

THE AUSTRALIA GROUP

CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME

Papers Presented at the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Mee...

HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: CONTROLLABILITY AND COOPERATION

CONTROLLABILITY OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Trends in HPC

HPC TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES

HPC TRENDS IN THE SOVIET UNION/RUSSIA

Controllability of HPC

INTEL PARALLEL SYSTEMS

TRANSPUTER-BASED SYSTEMS

RS/6000 CLUSTERS

Controlling the Acquisition of HPC

A FRAMEWORK FOR CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES

Application Domains

Institutional Arrangements.

Technologies and Measures for Control and Monitoring

HARD CONTROLS

SOFT CONTROLS

RECOMMENDATIONS

References

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTROLLABILITY OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES

OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Applications

INNOVATION PATHS

Vertical, Technical Sequence

Horizontal, Managerial Sequence

CONTROLLABILITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPTOELECTRONICS

Fundamental Science Phase

CONCLUSION

Optoelectronic Device Fabrication Phase

RESEARCH PHASE

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND SCALE-UP PHASE

Incorporation of Optoelectronic Devices in Equipment

Inventory Tracking and End-Use Verification

OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

OVERALL CONCLUSIONS

IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

ENDNOTE-SOME EXAMPLES OF POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS IN OPTOELECTRONICS

AMERICAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY...

HPSM DEFINITION AND DISCUSSION

Characteristics of HPSM

HPSM Products Enablers

HPSM Technology Acquisitions

Framework for Confidence (Trust) Building

HPSM Control

A Possible Transition Model for Hard to Soft HPSM Control

RUSSIAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY...

PROGRAM STRUCTURE

Electronics of Organic Materials

Organic and Inorganic Ferromagnets

Development of Highly Sensitive Photoresists Based On Polyfunctional Polymers

Development of Polymer Compositions for Photochemical Etching of Metallic Films

Conjugated Polymers As Electroconducting and Electrochromic Materials

Transport Properties of Conducting Polymers and Carbon-Containing Materials.

Carbon and Metallocarbon Clusters (Fullerenes)

Photorefractive Crystals for Highly Sensitive High-Speed Optical Processing

Nonlinear Optical Materials for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG)

Gas Transducers Based on Organic Semiconductors

Organosiloxanes Binders and Film-Forming Materials

Theoretical Investigation of the Characteristics of a Charge: Carrier Transport in Polymer Matrices

A Study on Multicomponent Functional Optical Ceramics Based on Metal Fluorides

HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS AS A PHENOMENON OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS

THESIS OF A SPEECH ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT CONTROL

CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY

A BINOCULAR VIEW OF THE ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: TWO IS ENOUGH TO HAVE A FIGHT

...

Papers Presented at the Second National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Meetin...

A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH TO ADDRESSING DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A FRAMEWORK FOR U.S.-RUSSIAN DIALOGUE

CROSS-CUTTING THEMES

DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES

BUILDING CONFIDENCE AND AVOIDING SURPRISES AMONG NATIONS

Movement of Technical Specialists

Encouraging Openness in Basic Research

Separation of Research for Civilian and for Military Purposes

Case Studies of Dual-use Technologies

Reports by Industrial Enterprises

Economic Aspects of Conversion

Trends in Export Control

Verification Schemes for Monitoring Dual-Use Technologies

Lists of Important Technologies

SETTING THE STAGE FOR FUTURE ACTIVITIES

JOINT CONCEPT OF U.S. AND RUSSIAN PROVISIONS FOR THE ENSURANCE OF GLOBAL STABILITY UNDER CONDITIONS...

A New Megatrend of the 1990s: Transition from the Arms Race to Defense Sufficiency

Bipolar Strategic Arrangement Preservation as a Geopolitical Imperative.

Expansion of the "Nuclear Club

Multipolar Geostrategic Set Up - A Way to Apocalypse

Are Nukes the First Strategic Priority for Technologically Advanced States?

THE MAIN PRINCIPLES OF SECURING THE WORLD'S STRATEGIC STABILITY BY THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA

MAIN TYPES OF STRATEGICALLY DANGEROUS ARMAMENTS

THE MOST IMPORTANT TECHNOLOGIES TO BE RESTRICTED FOR TRANSFER TO OTHER COUNTRIES

BASIC MEASURES TO PREVENT UNCONTROLLED "BRAIN DRAIN" FROM THE FORMERSOVIET UNION

BASIC TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR CONTROLLING THE EXPORT OF DUAL-USE PRODUCTS

SPHERES AND FORMS OF INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC CONTROL

AUSTRALIA GROUP

CONTROL OF MISSILE PROLIFERATION

RUSSIA AND MISSILE PROLIFERATION

BASIC CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CONTROL OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A BUSINESSMAN'S RECOMMENDATION FOR PRESERVING THE MILITARY AND ECO...

Commercial Sector

Defense Sector

WHAT ARE DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES?

THE FOUNDATION OF U.S. DEFENSE STRATEGY

Strategic Deterrence and Defense

Crisis Response

MEDIUM-SCALE COOPERATIVE ENGAGEMENTS

UNILATERAL SMALL SCALE ACTION

THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE

Pure Defense Companies

Companies Engaged in Both Commercial and Defense Work

Companies Which Supply Commercial Off the Shelf Products to DOD

THE JUSTIFICATION FOR ESTABLISHING IN RUSSIA A COMMISSION ON NON-PROLIFERATION OF POTENTIALLY STRATE...

REQUIREMENTS FOR LEADING EXPERTS OF THE COMMISSIONS OF THE RUSSIAN CABINET OF MINISTERS ON CONTAINME...

MAIN GOALS OF THE PROPOSED COMMISSIONS OF THE CABINET OF RUSSIAN MINISTERS ON THE CONTAINMENT OF POT ...

APPLICATION OF VERIFICATION TO DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY EXPORT CONTROLSAND RELATED ISSUES

PURPOSE OF THIS SESSION

SUMMARY OF POINTS TO BE COVERED

TRENDS OF DEFENSE INDUSTRY.

WHAT IS CURRENT COMMERCE DEPARTMENT APPROACH TO DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS?

NEW THINKING" ON DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS: KEY ISSUES

ISSUES ON VERIFICATION OF END USE CONTROLS

EXAMPLES FROM THE MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME

Current Indigenous Production Capabilities

Indigenous Capabilities Ten Years in the Future

Summary of Controllability

Key Missile-Specific Resources and Technologies

Dual-Use Technologies

CRITICAL PROFESSIONS AND CATEGORIES OF SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, PRINCIPLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL AND SOCIAL MOTIVATION OF...

CASE STUDIES

THE NEED FOR CASE STUDIES

PROSPECTIVE TOPICS

HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING

Movement of Technical Specialists and "Brain Drain

Conversion and Confidence-Building

Diversions and Confidence-Building

Verification and Monitoring Mechanisms [1,4,6]

Controls to Third Countries

REFERENCES:

ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, CONVERSION, AND DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: THE CASE OF RUSSIA

THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM

THE RUSSIAN CASE

Old Product-Old Customer

Old Product-New Customer

New Product-Old Customer

New Product-New Customer

INFORMAL MECHANISMS

RESEARCH TASKS

RECENT POLICY ON CONVERSION

LAW ON CONVERSION

Continued Arms Production

Arms Exports

Industrial Policy Contracts

Production for the Commercial Civilian Market

ARMS EXPORTS

APPENDIX I Participants and Agenda for the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy...

AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS

RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS

OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS

AGENDATHIRD U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES DECEMBER...

APPENDIX II Participants, Agenda, and Initial Framework for the Second U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy...

OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS.

AGENDA SECOND U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

ISBN:

9786610211296

9781280211294

1280211296

9780309586351

0309586356

9780585084855

0585084858

OCLC:

43475652