Infectious diseases in an age of change : the impact of human ecology and behavior on disease transmission / Bernard Roizman, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Roizman, Bernard, 1929-

National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Communicable diseases.

Infection.

Social ecology.

Communicable Diseases--epidemiology.

Communicable Diseases.

Risk Factors.

Social Environment.

Medical Subjects:

Communicable Diseases--epidemiology.

Communicable Diseases.

Risk Factors.

Social Environment.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (268 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1995.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Twenty-first century progress against infectious diseases is threatened by urbanization, population growth, war refugees, changing sexual standards, and a host of other factors that open doors to the transmission of deadly pathogens. Infectious Diseases in an Age of Change reports on major infectious diseases that are on the rise today because of changing conditions and identifies urgently needed public health measures. This volume looks at the range of factors that shape the epidemiology of infectious diseases--from government policies to economic trends to family practices. Describing clinical characteristics, transmission, and other aspects, the book addresses major infectious threats--sexually transmitted diseases, Lyme disease, human cytomegalovirus, diarrheal diseases, dengue fever, hepatitis viruses, HIV, and malaria. The authors also look at the rising threat of drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis, rapid exhaustion of the weapons to fight bacterial infections, and prospects for vaccinations and eradication of pathogens. Infectious Diseases in an Age of Change will be important to public health policymakers, administrators, and providers as well as epidemiologists and researchers.

Contents:

INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN AN AGE OF CHANGE

Copyright

Preface

REFERENCES

Acknowledgments

Contents

Lyme Disease: A Growing Threat to Urban Populations

VECTOR AND ANIMAL HOSTS

EVOLUTION OF ENVIRONMENT

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF LYME DISEASE

CLINICAL PICTURE

CHRONIC FATIGUE OR FIBROMYALGIA FOLLOWING LYME DISEASE

MISDIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC LYME DISEASE

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

TREATMENT

PREVENTION

SUMMARY

Working Parents: The Impact of Day Care and Breast-Feeding on Cytomegalovirus Infections in Offspring

THE PROBLEM

ROLE OF BREAST-FEEDING

IMPORTANCE OF DAY-CARE CENTERS

COMBINED EFFECT OF BREAST-FEEDING AND DAY-CARE CENTERS

RISK TO CARE GIVERS

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in Human Ecology and Behavior in Relation to the Emergence of Diarrheal Diseases, Including...

DEVELOPING WORLD ECOLOGY

INDUSTRIALIZED WORLD ECOLOGY

CHANGES IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND ECOLOGY THAT PROMOTE THE EMERGENCE AND/OR AMPLIFIED TRANSMISSION OF EN...

Developing Areas

Industrialized Areas

CHANGES IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC BEHAVIOR OF CHOLERA,IN PART DUE TO CHANGES IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR

Dengue: The Risk to Developed and Developing Countries

TRANSMISSION CYCLE, DISEASE, AND PATHOGENESIS

HISTORY OF EPIDEMICS AND THE EMERGENCE OF DHF/DSS

DENGUE IN THE DEVELOPED WORLD

ECOLOGIC BASIS FOR THE EMERGENCE OF DENGUE

INTRODUCTION AND SPREAD OF A SECOND DENGUE VECTOR IN THE AMERICAS

MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VIRUS VARIATION

Use of Dengue Genetic Analysis to Explain the Emergence of Dengue in Africa

Molecular and Biological Evidence for Variation in Dengue Virulence

FLAVIVIRUS AND DENGUE EVOLUTION:A BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE AND SOME SPECULATIONSON FUTURE CHANGES IN...

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

REFERENCES.

Hepatitis Viruses: Changing Patterns of Human Disease

HEPATITIS A VIRUS

History

Epidemiology

Virology

Clinical Characteristics

Changing Patterns

HEPATITIS B VIRUS

Clinical

HEPATITIS C VIRUS

HEPATITIS D VIRUS

HEPATITIS E VIRUS

INTERACTIONS OF THE HEPATITIS VIRUSES

OTHER HEAPTITIS VIRUSES

Population Migration and the Spread of Types 1 and 2 Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

MIGRATION OF POPULATIONS: DEFINITIONS

AFRICA

THE EFFECT ON DEMOGRAPHICS

HIV-2 AND WEST AFRICA

SPREAD OF HIV-2 OUTSIDE OF WEST AFRICA

HIV-1 IN THE AMERICAS

HIV INFECTION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

LEGAL RESTRICTIONS

Impact of Malaria on Genetic Polymorphism and Genetic Diseases in Africans and African Americans

ESTIMATES OF MORTALITY FROM MALARIA

HYPERTENSION AND IRON OVERLOAD

HLA AND MALARIA

BLOOD GROUPS AND MALARIA

Hospital-Acquired Infections: Diseases with Increasingly Limited Therapies

CHANGING FEATURES OF THE POPULATIONOF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

CHANGES IN TYPES OF PROCEDURES PERFORMED FOR COMPLEX ILLNESSES

CHANGING SPECTRUM OF NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS EARLY IN THE ANTIMICROBIAL ERA

PROBLEMS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN SELECTED NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS

S. aureus

CNS

CHANGES IN ANTIMICROBIAL USAGE OVER THE PAST TWO DECADES

THE INCREASING PROBLEM OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ENTEROCOCCUS SPP.

RESISTANCE TO THIRD-GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS AMONG GRAM-NEGATIVE AEROBIC BACILLI

CONTROL OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS DUE TO RESISTANT BACTERIA

Evolution of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis:A Tale of Two Species

Effect of Human Ecology and Behavior on Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Including HIV Infection

CHANGING PATTERNS OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AFFECTING STD PATTERNS

The Physiological Microenvironment

The Behavioral Personal Environment

The Sociocultural Macroenvironment

IMPLICATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE STD PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HPV INFECTIONAND CERVICAL CANCER

MANAGEMENT OF GENITAL HPV LESIONS

PROSPECTS FOR VACCINATION

Herpes Simplex Virus Infections of Women and Their Offspring: Implications for a Developed Society

INCIDENCE OF NEWBORN INFECTION

PATHOGENESIS OF NEONATAL HSV INFECTIONS

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MATERNAL HSV INFECTIONS

MATERNAL GENITAL HERPES SIMPLEX INFECTIONS: CLINICAL AND VIROLOGIC PARAMETERS

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Disseminated Infection

Encephalitis

Skin, Eye, and/or Mouth Infection

TREATMENT OF NEONATAL HSV INFECTION

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY

PREVENTION OF NEONATAL HSV INFECTION

Antiviral Prophylaxis

Immunoprophylaxis

CONCLUSION

Human Ecology and Behavior and Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections

EPIDEMIOLOGIC MODELS OF STD

GLOBAL HEALTH CARE AND THE DURATION OF INFECTIOUSNESS OF BACTERIAL STDS

Developing Countries

The United States

TRENDS AND PATTERNS OF SEXUAL BEHAVIORS

DETERMINANTS OF EFFICIENCY OF TRANSMISSION OF STD.

ECOLOGIC FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EMERGENCE OF BACTERIAL STD

Historical Stages of Economic Development

Geography, Crowding, and Hygiene

Socio-Geographic Space" and Bacterial STDs

War, Travel, and Migration

The Demographic and Epidemiologic Transitions

Ages of Sexual Maturation and of Marriage

Social and Economic Development Policies in Developing Countries

A ''Synergism of Plagues": STD/HIV, Teen Pregnancy, Violence, and Cocaine Use

New Technology and Product Development

ECOLOGIC AND BEHAVIORAL DETERMINANTS OF COMPLICATIONS AND SEQUELLAE OF BACTERIAL STDS

POPULATIONAL VS. INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF STD RISK

Vaccines for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Realistic Goal?

CHANCROID

SYPHILIS

GONORRHEA

Por as a Vaccine Candidate

Pili as a Vaccine Candidate

Other Possible Gonococcal Vaccines

CHLAMYDIA

Heat Shock Proteins and Hypersensitivity

Momp as a Protective Antigen

PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE

Quest for Life-Long Protection by Vaccination

THE IDEAL VACCINE

PROTECTION THROUGH VACCINATION

RESULTS WITH CURRENT VACCINES

DISEASE ERADICATION THROUGH VACCINATION

Index.

Notes:

"National Academy of Sciences."

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Print version: Infectious diseases in an age of change.

ISBN:

9786610193523

9781280193521

1280193522

9780309598569

0309598567

9780585026329

0585026327

OCLC:

42329224