WIC nutrition risk criteria : a scientific assessment / Committee on Scientific Evaluation of WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Scientific Evaluation of WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (U.S.).

Infants--Nutrition--United States.

Infants.

Children--Nutrition--United States.

Children.

Pregnancy--United States--Nutritional aspects.

Pregnancy.

Risk assessment--United States.

Risk assessment.

Health risk assessment--United States.

Health risk assessment.

Nutrition policy--United States.

Nutrition policy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (391 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1996.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book reviews the scientific basis for nutrition risk criteria used to establish eligibility for participation in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The volume also examines the specific segments of the WIC population at risk for each criterion, identifies gaps in the scientific knowledge base, formulates recommendations regarding appropriate criteria, and where applicable, recommends values for determining who is at risk for each criterion. Recommendations for program action and research are made to strengthen the validity of nutrition risk criteria used in the WIC program.

Contents:

WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment

Copyright

Acknowledgments

Contents

Summary

COMMITTEE PROCESS AND STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

PRINCIPLES OF NUTRITION RISK ASSESSMENT

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPECIFIC NUTRITION RISK CRITERIA

Anthropometric Risk Criteria

Biochemical and Other Medical Risk Criteria

Dietary Risk Criteria

Predisposing Nutrition Risk Criteria

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH AND ACTION

Research Recommendations

Action Recommendations

1 Overview

CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE

THE WIC PROGRAM

Program Benefits

WIC Program Eligibility Criteria

Legislative and Programmatic History of the WIC Program

National Expansion

Other Programmatic and Administrative Changes During the 1970s

Programmatic and Administrative Changes During the 1980s

Programmatic and Administrative Changes During the 1990s

Program Size

OVERVIEW OF THE REPORT AND THE COMMITTEE PROCESS

REFERENCES

2 Poverty and Nutrition Risk

DEFINITION OF POVERTY

PREVALENCE OF POVERTY

POVERTY AND NUTRITION RISK FOR WOMEN

POVERTY AND NUTRITION RISK FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN

EFFECTS OF WIC PROGRAM PARTICIPATION

3 Principles Underlying the Nutrition Risk Criteria for WIC Eligibility

Purpose of Nutrition Risk Criteria in the WIC Program

Identifying Nutrition Risk Indicators

Setting Cutoff Points for Nutrition Risk Indicators

WIC NUTRITION RISK CRITERIA

PRIORITY SYSTEM OF THE WIC PROGRAM

SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS

4 Anthropometric Risk Criteria

USE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASURES IN THE WIC PROGRAM

MATERNAL ANTHROPOMETRIC RISK CRITERIA

Prepregnancy Underweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Prepregnancy Underweight.

Prepregnancy Underweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Prepregnancy Underweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Prepregnancy Underweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Prepregnancy Underweight

Low Maternal Weight Gain

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Low Maternal Weight Gain

Low Maternal Weight Gain as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Low Maternal Weight Gain as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Low Maternal Weight Gain as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Low Maternal Weight Gain

Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy

Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Maternal Weight Loss During Pregnancy

Prepregnancy Overweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Prepregnancy Overweight

Prepregnancy Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Prepregnancy Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Prepregnancy Overweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Prepregnancy Overweight

High Gestational Weight Gain

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with High Gestational Weight Gain

High Gestational Weight Gain as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

High Gestational Weight Gain as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of High Gestational Weight Gain as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting.

Recommendations for High Gestational Weight Gain

Maternal Short Stature

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Maternal Short Stature

Maternal Short Stature as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Maternal Short Stature as an Indicator of Health and Nutrition Benefit

Use of Maternal Short Stature as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Program

Recommendations for Maternal Short Stature

Postpartum Underweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Postpartum Underweight

Postpartum Underweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Postpartum Underweight as an Indicator of Health and Nutrition Benefit

Use of Postpartum Underweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Postpartum Underweight

Postpartum Overweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Postpartum Overweight

Postpartum Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Postpartum Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Postpartum Overweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Postpartum Overweight

Abnormal Postpartum Weight Change

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Abnormal Postpartum Weight Change

Abnormal Postpartum Weight Change as an Indicator of Health and Nutrition Risk

Abnormal Postpartum Weight Change as an Indicator of Health and Nutrition Benefit

Use of Abnormal Maternal Weight Change as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Abnormal Postpartum Weight Change

ANTHROPOMETRIC RISK CRITERIA FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN

Low Birth Weight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with LBW

LBW as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

LBW as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of LBW as a Nutrition Risk in the WIC Setting.

Recommendations for LBW

Small for Gestational Age

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with SGA

SGA as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

SGA as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of SGA as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for SGA

Short Stature

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Short Stature

Short Stature as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Short Stature as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Short Stature as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Short Stature

Underweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Underweight

Underweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Underweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Underweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Underweight

Low Head Circumference

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with LHC

LHC as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

LHC as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of LHC as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for LHC

Large for Gestational Age

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with LGA

LGA as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

LGA as an Indicator of Health and Nutrition Benefit

Use of the LGA as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for LGA

Overweight

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Overweight

Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Overweight as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of the Overweight as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Overweight

Slow Growth

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Slow Growth.

Slow Growth as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Slow Growth as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Slow Growth as a Nutrition Risk in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Slow Growth

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions

Research Needs

5 Biochemical and Other Medical Risk Criteria

CRITERIA RELATED TO NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES

Anemia

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Anemia

Anemia as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Anemia as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Anemia as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting

Recommendation for Anemia

Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases

Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases as Indicators of Nutrition and Health Risk

Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases as Indicators of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases as Nutrition Risk Criteria in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Failure to Thrive and Other Nutrient Deficiency Diseases

MEDICAL CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO THE ENTIRE WIC POPULATION

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Prevalence of and Risks Associated with Specific Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastrointestinal Disorders as Indicators of Nutrition and Health Risk

Gastrointestinal Disorders as Indicators of Nutrition and Health Benefit

Use of Gastrointestinal Disorders as Risk Criteria in the WIC Setting

Recommendations for Gastrointestinal Disorders

Diabetes Mellitus

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Risk

Diabetes Mellitus as an Indicator of Nutrition and Health Benefit.

Use of Diabetes Mellitus as a Nutrition Risk Criterion in the WIC Setting.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9786610192779

9780309175944

0309175941

9781280192777

1280192771

9780309596626

0309596629

9780585023908

0585023905

OCLC:

42329034