Detection of explosives for commercial aviation security / Committee on Commercial Aviation Security ; National Materials Advisory Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Commercial Aviation Security.

Series:

Publication NMAB ; 471.

Publication NMAB ; 471

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Airports--Security measures--United States.

Airports.

Aeronautics, Commercial--Security measures--United States.

Aeronautics, Commercial.

Explosives--Detection--United States.

Explosives.

Bombings--Prevention.

Bombings.

Terrorism--Prevention.

Terrorism.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (107 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, DC : National Academy Press, 1993.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book advises the Federal Aeronautics Administration (FAA) on the detection of small, concealed explosives that a terrorist could plant surreptitiously on a commercial airplane. The book identifies key issues for the FAA regarding explosive detection technology that can be implemented in airport terminals. Recommendations are made in the areas of systems engineering, testing, and technology development.

Contents:

DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES FOR COMMERCIAL AVIATION SECURITY

Copyright

ABSTRACT

DEDICATION

PREFACE

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS

TESTING PROTOCOLS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

GENERAL TEST PROTOCOL FOR BULK DETECTION

STATUS OF VAPOR AND PARTICLE DETECTION TEST PROTOCOL

RECENT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS

1. Thermal Neutron Activation (TNA)

2. Automated Neutron Source Accelerator

3. Elastic Neutron Scattering

4. Pulsed Fast Neutron Activation

5. Photon Activation

6. Nuclear Resonant Absorption

7. Fast Neutron Associated Particle (FNAP)

8. Dual Energy X-Ray Systems

9. Backscatter X-Ray

10. Extremely Low-Dose X-Ray Devices for Searching Passengers

11. Coherent X-Ray Scattering

12. Dual Energy X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT)

13. Vapor Detection Devices

14. Dogs

15. Bar Coding

16. Pattern Recognition

SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGY RECOMMENDATIONS

1 SYSTEMS CONSIDERATIONS

A. INTRODUCTION

B. EDS ARCHITECTURE AND SEARCH STRATEGY

C. SIMULATION OF EDS DESIGNS

Study Airports

Model Validation and Analysis

Key Simulation Products

2 TESTING PROTOCOLS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

B. ROLE OF TESTING IN THE FAA REGULATORY PROCESS

C. TESTING ORGANIZATION

D. TEST PLANNING AND PREPARATION

E. A GENERAL TESTING PROTOCOL FOR BULK EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS

F. THE STATUS OF VAPOR AND PARTICLE DETECTION TEST PROTOCOLS

REFERENCES

Appendixes

APPENDIX A A GENERAL TESTING PROTOCOL FOR BULK EXPLOSIVE DETECTIONSYSTEMS

CONTENTS

A1 INTRODUCTION

A2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. EXPLOSIVE CHARACTERISTICS TO BE MEASURED

B. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SET OF THREAT EXPLOSIVES

C. IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL BAG POPULATIONS

D. SYSTEM CALIBRATION AND THRESHOLD SETTINGS

E. MANUFACTURER/CONTRACTOR PARTICIPATION.

F. TEST SITES

G. A STANDARD SET OF BAGS AND THREATS

A3 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

A. IDENTIFICATION OF DISTINCT BAG POPULATIONS

B. IDENTIFICATION AND SELECTION OF THE THREATS

C. BAG PROCESSING RATES

D. PRE-TESTING

A4 DEVELOPMENT OF TEST AND EVALUATION PLANS

A. GENERAL FACTORS

B. DATA ANALYSIS PLAN

C. SELECTION OF TEST BAGS

D. NUMBER OF TEST BAGS REQUIRED

E. SELECTION OF THE NUMBER OF THREAT ARTICLES

A5 TEST EXECUTION

A6 ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF TEST DATA

ANNEX I A STANDARD SET OF BAGS AND THREATS FOR TESTING BULK EXPLOSIVE DETECTION DEVICES OR SYSTEMS A...

ANNEX II VALIDATION OF SIMULANTS

1. Test Procedures.

2. Test Results.

3. Analyses for the Validation of Simulants

a. The Significance of the Difference Between Two Sample Means.

b. The Paired Difference Approach.

c. The Analysis of Variance Approach.

d. Measurement Additivity.

4. A Recommended Approach for Validating Simulants

ANNEX III MODEL TESTING SCENARIO

APPENDIX B GLOSSARY OF TERMS

APPENDIX C BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references (p. 35).

ISBN:

9786610211289

9781280211287

1280211288

9780309576055

0309576059

9780585142548

0585142548

OCLC:

44964321