Research to protect, restore, and manage the environment / Committee on Environmental Research, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Environmental Research.

Contributor:

Corson, Dale R.

National Research Council (U.S.). Commission on Life Sciences.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Environmental sciences--Research--United States.

Environmental sciences.

Environmental policy--United States.

Environmental policy.

Environmentalism.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (1 PDF file (xii, 242 pages)) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington, DC : National Academy Press, 1993.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book assesses the strengths and weaknesses of current environmental research programs, describes the desirable characteristics of an effective program, and recommends cultural and organizational changes to improve the performance of environmental research. Research areas in need of greater emphasis are identified, and overall directions for environmental research are recommended. The book also comments on the proposal to establish a National Institute for the Environment and on the elevation of the Environmental Protection Agency to cabinet status.

Contents:

Research to Protect, Restore, and Manage the Environment

Copyright

PREFACE

Contents

Executive Summary

CULTURAL CHANGES

RESEARCH DIRECTED TO PROTECTION, RESTORATION, AND MANAGEMENT

NATIONAL-LEVEL LEADERSHIP AND COORDINATION

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN FOR RESEARCH

LINKAGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND POLICY

PERFORMANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

BALANCE

CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF THE NATION'S ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

ORGANIZING ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION AND MAKING IT AVAILABLE

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND INFORMATION

ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES

FRAMEWORK A

FRAMEWORK D

FRAMEWORKS B AND C

COSTS AND OTHER FACTORS

1 INTRODUCTION

ORIGIN, SCOPE, AND ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT

OTHER REPORTS

NATIONAL COMMISSION ON THE ENVIRONMENT: CHOOSING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

CARNEGIE COMMISSION ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND GOVERNMENT: ENVIRONMENTALRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: S...

COMMITTEE FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

RECENT NATIONAL EVENTS

2 PERSPECTIVE

OUR ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ARE SERIOUS

WE HAVE LEARNED MANY LESSONS ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

WE MUST UNDERSTAND COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

WE HAVE NEW TOOLS

WE NEED NEW ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

SCIENCE BY ITSELF IS NOT ENOUGH

SUMMARY

3 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF CURRENT FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

CREATING THE KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY TO CHARACTERIZE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMSAND CHALLENGES

GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC, OCEANIC, AND EARTH SYSTEM

How Well Are We Doing?

Why Are We Not Doing Better?

ECOLOGY

BIODIVERSITY

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

SOCIAL SCIENCES

How Well Are We Doing?.

Why Are We Not Doing Better?

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

CREATING AND MANAGING INFORMATION SYSTEMS

SUPPORTING THE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE

SETTING AND COORDINATING A NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PLAN

BRINGING KNOWLEDGE AND PERSPECTIVE TO BEAR ON POLICY ISSUES

ESTABLISHING APPROPRIATE EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS

ESTABLISHING AND NURTURING STRONG LINKS WITH BUSINESS

ESTABLISHING AND NURTURING COMMUNICATION LINKS WITH THE GENERAL PUBLIC

SYNTHESIS OF HOW WELL WE ARE DOING AND WHY WE ARE NOT DOING BETTER

4 DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF FEDERALLY SUPPORTED ENVIRONMENTALRESEARCH PROGRAMS

A FOCUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ON PROTECTION, RESTORATION, AND MANAGEMENT

RESEARCH DIRECTIONS

RESEARCH FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RESTORATION

RESEARCH FOR INNOVATION IN MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES

RESEARCH APPROACH

RESEARCH-PROGRAM CHARACTERISTICS

CROSSING DISCIPLINES AND SCALES

CROSSING MISSIONS

UTILITY FOR DECISION-MAKING AND POLICY FORMATION

PLURALISM

MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

CONSISTENCY OF FUNDING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

ADEQUACY OF FUNDING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

A BALANCE BETWEEN INTRAMURAL AND EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH

INVESTIGATOR-INITIATED, PEER-REVIEWED RESEARCH

INTERNATIONAL SCOPE

EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMY

COMBINATION OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE-SECTOR ACTIVITIES

NATIONAL-LEVEL LEADERSHIP AND COORDINATION.

PLANNING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

CONTINUING EVALUATION OF THE NATION'S AND WORLD'S ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

ROLE OF NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

ROLE OF SECTOR AND MISSION AGENCIES

ROLE OF FEDERAL LABORATORIES

PUBLIC-SECTOR AND PRIVATE-SECTOR COLLABORATION

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON RESEARCH AND POLICY

DESIRABLE OUTCOMES

5 RECOMMENDATIONS

DISCIPLINARY BALANCE

MULTIDISCIPLINARY BALANCE

MISSION-AGENCY BALANCE AND USE OF EXTRAMURAL FUNDING MECHANISMS

FRAMEWORK A: CURRENT AGENCY STRUCTURE WITH ENHANCEMENTS

Description

Agencies Incorporated

Relationships Among the Agencies

Basic-Research Emphasis

Monitoring

Education and Training

Linkages of Agency Programs to Nonfederal Parties

National Science Foundation

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Environmental Protection Agency

Other Agencies

Implementation of the Cultural Changes

Research on Protection, Restoration, and Management

National Environmental Council

National Environmental Plan

Environmental Status and Trends Program

National Environmental Data and Information System

Environmental Assessment Center

FRAMEWORK B: THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AS PROPOSEDBY THE COMMITTEE FOR THE NATIONAL.

Description

Agencies Involved

Relationship to Other Parties

Agreement with Cultural Changes Recommended by our Committee

FRAMEWORK C: A NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

Relationship to Other Agencies

Research Focus on Protection, Restoration, and Management of Resources and Research Performance Char...

Specific Research Fields

National Environmental Council and National Environmental Plan

National Status and Trends Program and National Environmental Data and Information System

FRAMEWORK D: A DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

National Environmental Status and Trends Program and National Environmental Data and Information System

DISCUSSION OF THE FRAMEWORKS FOR ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE

CURRENT AGENCY STRUCTURE WITH ENHANCEMENTS (FRAMEWORK A)

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT (FRAMEWORK B)

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (FRAMEWORK C)

DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT (FRAMEWORK D)

ELEVATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY TO CABINET STATUS

COST

Appendix A ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS OF FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCIES

INTRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

RECENT DIRECTIONS

RESEARCH PLANNING

LABORATORIES AND RESEARCH CENTERS

RESEARCH GRANTS AND CENTERS

OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

DIRECTORATE FOR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

DIRECTORATE FOR GEOSCIENCES

DIRECTORATE FOR SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES

DIRECTORATE FOR ENGINEERING

SOME IMPORTANT FEATURES OF NSF

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AT OTHER AGENCIES

AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS

NATIONAL ACID PRECIPITATION ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY

ORGANIZATION OF FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATIONSYSTEMS

GLOBAL-CHANGE DATA MANAGEMENT

Department of Agriculture

Department of Commerce

Department of Defense

Department of Energy

Department of the Interior

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

FEDERAL GEOGRAPHIC DATA COMMITTEE

OTHER FEDERAL AGENCY DATA ACTIVITIES

U.S. Geological Survey

APPENDIX B BIODIVERSITY

HOW MUCH IS THERE?

WHERE IS IT?

WHAT ARE THE THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY?

OVEREXPLOITATION

INTRODUCTIONS

HABITAT DESTRUCTION

APPENDIX C PROPOSAL OF THE COMMITTEE FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FORTHE ENVIRONMENT

THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

Mission

Goals

Guiding Principles.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYTHE NATIONAL INSTITUTES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT A PROPOSAL.

Notes:

Committee chairman: Dale R. Corson.

Study was sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, the Department of Energy and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9786610195992

9781280195990

1280195991

9780309585620

0309585627

9780585019970

0585019975

OCLC:

42328741