Europe's Balkan Muslims : a new history / Nathalie Clayer, Xavier Bougarel ; translated by Andrew Kirby.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Clayer, Nathalie, author.

Bougarel, Xavier, author.

Contributor:

Kirby, Andrew, atranslator.

Standardized Title:

Musulmans de l'Europe du sud-est. English

Language:

English

French

Subjects (All):

Muslims--Balkan Peninsula--History.

Muslims.

Muslims--Balkan Peninsula--Social conditions.

Islam and state--Balkan Peninsula--History.

Islam and state.

History.

Social conditions.

Balkan Peninsula.

Physical Description:

xxvi, 285 pages : maps ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

London : C. Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 2017.

Language Note:

Translated from the French.

Summary:

There are roughly eight million Muslims in south-east Europe, among them Albanians, Bosniaks, Turks and Roma -- descendants of converts or settlers in the Ottoman period. This new history of the social, political and religious transformations that this population experienced in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries -- a period marked by the collapse of the Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Empires and by the creation of the modern Balkan states -- will shed new light on the European Muslim experience. Southeast Europe's Muslims have experienced a slow and complex crystallisation of their respective national identities, which accelerated after 1945 as a result of the authoritarian modernisation of communist regimes and, in the late twentieth century, ended in nationalist mobilisations that precipitated the independence of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo during the break-up of Milosevic's Yugoslavia. At a religious level, these populations have re--mained connected to the institutions established by the Ottoman Empire, as well as to various educational, intellectual and Sufi (mystic) networks. With the fall of communism, new transnational networks appeared, especially neo-Salafist and neo-Sufi ones, although Europe's Balkan Muslims have not escaped the wider processes of secularisation.

Contents:

1 From the Ottoman Provincial Autonomies to the Eastern Crisis (1800-1876) 11

When the Ottoman Empire in Europe started to disintegrate 11

Reforms, the establishment of bureaucracies and the formation of new elites 20

New relationships between Muslims and Christians 26

The multiple networks of Balkan Islam 31

From the first scholarly discourses to the first identity constructions 36

2 From the Eastern Crisis to the End of the Empires (1876-1923) 45

The strengthening and weakening of the Balkan states 45

Migrations and population exchanges 52

Muslims caught between non-Muslim national states and the Ottoman Empire 57

Politicisation of identities and the slow development of nationalism 64

The central importance of the question of reforms 70

Balkan Muslims between representations and practices 74

3 From the End of the Empires to the Advent of Communism (1920-1944) 79

From one World War to the other: territorial reconfigurations and the rise of authoritarianism 79

Nationalisation of societies and ideological radicalisation 86

Muslims between emigration, the agrarian question and the construction of minorities 90

Partial nationalisation, strengthening and control of the Islamic institutions 95

The specific forms of mobilisation of the Muslim populations 100

Beyond the "reformers"/"conservatives" opposition 107

A Balkan Islam within new networks 111

"European Islam", "modern Islam" and local practices 117

4 From the Advent of Communism to its Fall (1944-1989) 123

Between Cold War and nationalist fervour 123

Authoritarian modernisation and anti-religious policies 128

Different ways in which national identities crystallised 131

Scientific socialism and national mythologies 145

The contrasting development of the Islamic institutions 150

The Bosnian exception: a pan-Islamist current under communism 158

The transformations of Islam through the prism of anthropology 162

5 From the Fall of Communism to European Integration (1989 2001) 167

Between Yugoslav disintegration and Euro-Atlantic integration 167

"Transition" and the "return of religion " 174

The Balkan Muslims' politicisation 177

Closer links between Islam and national identity 192

The renewal and fragility of Islamic institutions 197

Neo-Salafism: what transformations of Balkan Islam does it reveal? 201.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781849046596

184904659X

OCLC:

930797749

Publisher Number:

99972018062