The world of nano-biomechanics / edited by Atsushi Ikai.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Ikai, Atsushi, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Biomechanics.

Nanostructures.

Atomic force microscopy.

Physical Description:

xx, 320 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm

Edition:

Second edition.

Distribution:

©2017.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier Science, [2017]

Summary:

Fully revised and expanded new edition based on the latest research and developments in the field. The World of Nano-Biomechanics, Second Edition, focuses on the remarkable progress in the application of force spectroscopy to molecular and cellular biology that has occurred since the book's first edition in 2008. The initial excitement of seeing and touching a single molecule of protein/DNA is now culminating in the development of various ways to manipulate molecules and cells almost at our fingertips, enabling live cell operations. Topics include the development of molecular biosensors, mechanical diagnosis, cellular-level wound healing, and a look into the advances that have been made in our understanding of the significance of mechanical rigidity/flexibility of protein/DNA structure for the manifestation of biological activities. The book begins with a summary of the results of basic mechanics to help readers who are unfamiliar with engineering mechanics. Then, representative results obtained on biological macromolecules and structures, such as proteins, DNA, RNA, polysaccharides, lipid membranes, subcellular organelles, and live cells are discussed. New to this second edition are recent developments in three important applications, i.e., advanced AFM-data analysis, high-resolution mechanical biosensing, and the use of cell mechanics for medical diagnosis. Key Features, Explains the basic physical concepts and mathematics of elementary mechanics needed to understand and perform experimental work on small-scale biological samples, Presents recent developments of force-based biosensing, Includes novel applications of nano-biomechanics to the medical field Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Force in Biology / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 1

1.1 What Are We Made Of? 1

1.2 Human Body and Force 3

1.3 Macroscopic Biomechanics 5

1.4 Molecular Basis for Structural Design 7

1.5 Soft Versus Hard Materials 9

1.6 Biological and Biomimetic Structural Materials 14

1.7 Thermodynamics and Mechanics in Nanometer-scale Biology 15

Bibliography 15

2 Introduction to Basic Mechanics / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 17

2.1 Elastic and Plastic Deformation of Materials 17

2.2 Stress and Strain Relationship 18

2.3 Mechanical Breakdown of Materials 19

2.4 Viscoelasticity 21

2.5 Fluid and Viscosity 26

2.6 Adhesion and Friction 27

2.7 Wear and Tear of Biological Structures 29

2.8 Mechanically Controlled Systems 32

Bibliography 34

3 Force Measurement and Mechanical Imaging Apparatuses / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 35

3.1 Mechanical, Thermal, and Chemical Forces 35

3.2 Laser Trap 36

3.3 Atomic Force Microscope 40

3.4 Surface Force Apparatus 51

3.5 Biornembrane Force Probe 51

3.6 Magnetic Beads 53

3.7 Gel Columns 53

3.8 Cantilever Force Sensors 54

3.9 Loading-Rate Dependence 54

3.10 Force Clamp Method 57

3.11 Specific Versus Nonspecific Forces 57

Bibliography 59

4 Interaction Forces / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 63

4.1 Covalent Versus Noncovalent Bonds 63

4.2 Basics of Electrostatic Interaction 64

4.3 Various Types of Noncovalent Interactions 66

4.4 Application of External Force 72

4.5 Interaction Force Between Macromolecules 72

4.6 Water at the Interface 74

Bibliography 75

5 Polymer Chain Mechanics / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 77

5.1 Polymers in the Biological World 77

5.2 Polymer Chains 78

5.3 End-to-End Distance 80

5.4 Persistence Length 85

5.5 Polymers in Solution 87

5.6 Polymers on the Surface 89

5.7 Polymers As Biomimetic Materials 90

5.8 Polymer Pullout 90

Bibliography 92

6 Analysis of Data Gleaned by Atomic-Force Microscopy / S. Kasas Kasas, S., G. Dietler Dietler, G. 95

6.1 Introduction 95

6.2 General Processing of Topographic AFM images 96

6.3 Specimen-Specific Analysis Procedures 100

6.4 Processing of Force Spectroscopy Data 104

6.5 Conclusions 108 Bibliography 109

7 Single-Molecular Interaction / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 111

7.1 Ligand-Receptor interactions 112

7.2 Sugar-Lectin Interactions 115

7.3 Antigen-Antibody Interactions 117

7.4 GroEL and Unfolded-Protein Interactions 118

7.5 Lipid-Protein Interactions 120

7.6 Anchoring Force of Proteins to the Membrane 122

7.7 Receptor Mapping 123

7.8 Protein Unanchoring and Identification 125

7.9 Membrane Breaking 126

Bibliography 130

8 Single-Molecule DNA and RNA Mechanics / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 133

8.1 Stretching of Double-Stranded DNA 133

8.2 Unzipping of dsDNA 137

8.3 Chain Dynamics and Transition of DNA and RNA 138

8.4 DNA-Protein Interaction 140

8.5 DNA Machine 142

8.6 Prospect for Sequence Analysis 142

Bibliography 143

9 Single-Molecule Protein Mechanics / A. Ikai Ikai, A., R. Afrin Afrin, R. 147

9.1 Introduction to Protein Manipulation 147

9.2 Protein-Stretching Experiments 148

9.3 Intramolecular Cores 150

9.4 Stretching of Modular Proteins 152

9.5 Dynamic Stretching 154

9.6 Catch Bonds 154

9.7 Protein-Compression Experiments 157

9.8 Internal Mechanics of Protein Molecules 166

9.9 Mechanical Control of Protein Activity 168

9.10 Computer Simulation of Protein Deformation 169

9.11 Case Studies: Proteins and Polypeptides of Norable Structural Characteristics 170

Bibliography 181

10 Nanomechanics of Motion-Supporting Molecular Systems / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 187

10.1 Cell Movement and Structural Proteins 187

10.2 Muscle and Motor Proteins 189

10.3 Single Molecule/Filament Measurements 191

10.4 Flagella for Bacterial Locomotion 192

10.5 Mycoplasma Gliding 192

10.6 Mechanics and Efficiency of Motor Proteins 194

10.7 Video View of Motor Proteins in Action by High-Speed AFM 195

Bibliography 195

11 Finite-Element Analysis of Microbiological Structures / S. Kasas Kasas, S., T. Gmur Gmur, T., G. Dietler Dietler, G. 199

11.1 Introduction 199

11.2 A Brief History of the Finite-Element Method 200

11.3 The Finite-Element Method 201

11.4 Application of the Finite-Element Method to Microbiological Structures 202

11.5 Conclusions 215

Bibliography 216

12 Nanomechanical Bases of Cell Structure / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 219

12.1 Red Blood Cell: Model Cell in Biomechanics 219

12.2 Helfrich Theory of Membrane Mechanics 221

12.3 Deformation of 2D Membrane 223

12.4 Membrane and Cytoskeleton 226

12.5 Association of Membrane Proteins With Cytoskeleton 227

12.6 Nano-Indentation Experiments on Live Cells 231

12.7 Stiffness Tomography and Cell Response Studies 241

Bibliography 243

13 Nanorheology of Living Cells / T. Okajima Okajima, T. 249

13.1 Cell Rheology 249

13.2 AFM Measurements of Cell Modulus 251

13.3 High-Throughput Measurements of Cell Rheological Properties 257

13.4 Elastic Modulus of Normal and Cancer Cells 260

13.5 AFM Imaging Mode for Measuring Viscoelastic Properties of Cells 261

Bibliography 264

14 Molecular and Cellular Manipulations for Future Nanomedicine / A. Ikai Ikai, A. 267

14.1 Prospects for Useful Applications for Nanomedicine 267

14.2 Bioconjugation of Materials 268

14.3 Nanomechanical Manipulation of Cells Aiming at Nanomedical Applications 269

14.4 Cell Surgery 270

14.5 Chromosomal Surgery and Gene Manipulation 270

14.6 Tissue Surgery 271

14.7 Liposomal Technology 271

14.8 Drug Delivery 273

14.9 DNA and RNA Recovery From the Chromosome and the Cell 274

14.10 Wound Healing 276.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Online version: Ikai, Atsushi. World of nano-biomechanics.

ISBN:

9780444636867

0444636862

OCLC:

956350666

Online:

Publisher description