Bio-instructive scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering and regenerative medicine / Edited by Justin L. Brown, Sangamesh G. Kumbar, Brittany L. Banik.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Brown, Justin L. (Justin Lee), 1980- editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Tissue scaffolds.

Tissue Scaffolds.

Medical Subjects:

Tissue Scaffolds.

Physical Description:

xii, 239 pages ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

London, UK ; San Diego, CA : Academic Press, [2017]

Summary:

Musculoskeletal tissue growth and development represents a significant need across populations ranging from elite athletes to the elderly. The regeneration and reparation of musculoskeletal tissues present the unique challenges of requiring both the need to withstand distinct forces applied to the body and ability to support cell populations. Historically, researchers have sought to engineer a mechanically viable replacement for musculoskeletal tissues with little regard to developing the appropriate cell environment and cues to ensure long-term success of the construct. This book focuses on how materials and structures can be designed to simultaneously withstand mechanical forces while promoting the development of viable progenitor and somatic cell populations to ensure prolonged success of the graft. Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine is separated into sections based on tissue type: bone, cartilage, ligament and tendon, muscle, and musculo-skeletal tissue interfaces. Within each tissue type, the chapters are subcategorized into strategies focused on cells, hydrogels, polymers, and other materials (i.e. ceramics and metals) utilized in musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications. In each chapter, the relationships that exist amongst the strategy, stem cell differentiation, and somatic cell specialization at the intracellular level will be emphasized. Examples include intracellular signalling through growth factor delivery, geometry sensing of the surrounding network, and cell: cell signalling that stems from altered population dynamics. Focus will be given to highlight these correlations with respect to the maintenance of appropriate tissue mechanics or to the in vitro development of neo-tissue with the critical mechanical properties. Book jacket.

Contents:

Part I Introduction

1 Bio-Instructive Cues in Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine / K.L. Collins Collins, K.L., E.M. Gates Gates, E.M., C.L. Gilchrist Gilchrist, C.L., B.D. Hoffman Hoffman, B.D.

1.1 Introduction 3

1.1.1 Role of the Cellular Microenvironment 4

1.1.2 Current Challenges 4

1.2 The Cellular Microenvironment: Key Aspects 5

1.2.1 What is the Microenvironment? 5

1.2.2 Components of the Microenvironment 7

1.3 Recapitulation of Cellular Microenvironments With Bioinstructive Scaffolds 11

1.3.1 Natural Versus Synthetic Biomaterials 11

1.3.2 Engineering Biochemical Properties 12

1.3.3 Engineering Physical Properties 14

1.3.4 Summary 17

1.4 Cellular Detection of the Microenvironment 17

1.4.1 Biochemical Signals 17

1.4.2 Biophysical Signals 18

1.5 Responding to the Microenvironment 24

1.6 Conclusion 26

References 27

2 Functionalizing With Bioaciive Peptides to Generate Bio-Instructive Scaffolds / S. Mahzoon Mahzoon, S., T.J. Siahaan Siahaan, T.J., M.S. Detamore Detamore, M.S.

2.1 Adhesion Molecules 37

2.1.1 Adhesion Receptors 37

2.1.2 Adhesion Receptor-Binding Peptides 38

2.2 Methods of Identifying Cell-Binding Peptides 39

2.3 Peptides in Tissue Engineering 42

2.3.1 Self-Assembled Peptide Scaffolds 42

2.3.2 Cell-Binding Peptides 42

2.4 Conclusion 46

Acknowledgments 47

References 47

Part II Bone

3 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration / F. Han Han, F., C. Zhu Zhu, C., L. Chen Chen, L., J. Wicks Wicks, J., B. Li Li, B.

3.1 Introduction 56

3.2 Commonly Used Linear Polymers in Bone Tissue Engineering 57

3.2.1 Natural Materials 57

3.2.2 Synthetic Polymers 63

3.2.3 Hybrid Materials 68

3.3 Interactions Between Materials and Cells 69

3.3.1 The Effect of Material Morphology on Cells: Geometry Sensing of the Surrounding Network 69

3.3.2 Other Factors 73

3.4 Bioactive Modification of Linear Polymers for Bone Regeneration 75

3.4.1 Delivery of Bioactive Substances 75

3.4.2 Surface Modification 76

3.5 Concluding Remarks 78

Acknowledgments 79

References 79

Part III Tendon/Ligament

4 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Tendon/Ligament Regeneration / P.S. Thayer Thayer, P.S., A.S. Goldstein Goldstein, A.S.

4.1 Introduction 87

4.1.1 Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Physical Properties and Treatment Options 87

4.1.2 Tendon/Ligament Tissue Engineering 88

4.2 Synthetic Polymer Scaffolds 89

4.2.1 Linear Degradable Polymers 89

4.2.2 Braided Fibrous Scaffolds 90

4.2.3 Knitted Fibrous Scaffolds 93

4.2.4 Electrospun Nonwoven Micro-Fiber Networks 94

4.3 Bioactive Materials 97

4.3.1 Blending and Encapsulation 97

4.3.2 Adsorption 98

4.3.3 Conjugation 99

4.3.4 Conclusions 100

4.4 Composite Materials 100

4.5 Graded Materials 101

4.5.1 Bone Insertion Site 101

4.5.2 Muscle Attachment 103

4.5.3 Conclusions 104

4.6 Conclusions and Future Directions 104

References 105

Part IV Cartilage

5 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration / N. Mistry Mistry, N., J. Moskow Moskow, J., N.B. Shelke Shelke, N.B., S. Yadav Yadav, S., W.S.V. Berg-Foels Berg-Foels, W.S.V., S.G. Kumbar Kumbar, S.G.

5.1 Introduction 115

5.2 Structure and Function of Cartilage 117

5.3 Cells Used for Cartilage Regeneration 120

5.4 Growth Factors and Their Mechanisms That Effect Differentiation 121

5.5 ECM-Derived Scaffolds 122

5.6 Scaffolds Fabricated From Natural Polymers 123

5.7 Synthetic Polymer Scaffolds 125

5.8 Nanostructured Scaffolds 127

5.9 Maintenance of Neotissue 128

5.10 Conclusion 131

Acknowledgments 131

References 131

Part V Muscle

6 Ultrastructure and Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle ECM: Implications in Tissue Regeneration / B. Brazile Brazile, B., S. Lin Lin, S., K.M. Copeland Copeland, K.M., J.R. Butler Butler, J.R., J. Cooley Cooley, J., E. Brinkman-Ferguson Brinkman-Ferguson, E., J. Guan Guan, J., J. Liao Liao, J.

6.1 Skeletal Muscle Injury and Regenerative Strategy 139

6.2 Major Components of Skeletal Muscle ECM 140

6.2.1 The Epimysium 141

6.2.2 The Perimysium 141

6.2.3 The Endomysium 142

6.2.4 The Basement Membrane 142

6.3 Ultrastructure and Functionalities of the Skeletal Muscle ECM 142

6.3.1 Ultrastructure of Endomysial ECM and Its Force Transmission Role 142

6.3.2 Ultrastructure of Perimysial ECM and Its interaction With Myocytes and Tendon 143

6.3.3 Epimysium ECM and Its Force Transmission Role 144

6.3.4 Ultrastructure of Basement Membrane and Its Binding Function 144

6.3.5 Biomechanical Functionalities of the Skeletal Muscle ECM 144

6.4 Biomechanical Properties of Skeletal Muscle and Skeletal Muscle ECM 145

6.4.1 Passive Biomechanical Properties of Skeletal Muscle 146

6.4.2 A Comparative Study Between Porcine Skeletal Muscle and Skeletal Muscle ECM 147

6.5 The Implications in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration 151

6.5.1 Skeletal Muscle ECM as Graft Material 151

6.5.2 Acellular Skeletal Muscle ECM Hydrogel for Injection Therapy 152

6.6 Summary 153

Acknowledgment 155

References 155

7 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Muscle Regeneration: NonCrosslinked Polymers / L. Altomare Altomare, L., S. Farè Farè, S., M. Cristina Tanzi Tanzi, M. Cristina

7.1 Skeletal Muscle Physiology 161

7.2 Scaffolds' Materials and Fabrication Techniques 162

7.2.1 Synthetic Polymeric Materials 163

7.2.2 Fabrication Techniques 167

7.3 2D Topographical Configurations 171

7.3.1 2D Patterning 171

7.3.2 Electrospun Aligned Fiber Mats 174

7.4 3D Topographical Configurations 178

7.4.1 Microgrooved Scaffolds 178

7.4.2 Scaffolds With Aligned Pores 181

7.5 Conclusions 183

References 183

8 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: Conductive Materials / J.W. Freeman Freeman, J.W., D.P. Browe Browe, D.P.

8.1 Progress of Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering 190

References 197

Part VI Musculoskeletal Interfaces

9 Bio-Instructive Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Interfaces / B.L. Banik Banik, B.L., D.T. Bowers Bowers, D.T., P. Fattahi Fattahi, P., J.L. Brown Brown, J.L.

9.1 Background 203

9.2 Muscle Interfaces 203

9.2.1 Myotendinous Junctions 3D Scaffolds 204

9.2.2 Neuromuscular Junctions 3D Scaffolds 205

9.2.3 Vascularization 210

9.2.4 Conclusions 212

9.3 Cartilage Bone Interface Section 212

9.3.1 The Bone Cartilage Interface 213

9.3.2 Gradient Biomaterials 214

9.3.3 Tissue Adhesives 216

9.3.4 Composite and Drug Releasing Scaffolds 217

9.3.5 Scaffold-Free Constructs 217

9.3.6 Cell Sheet Technologies 218

9.3.7 Dual Phase Scaffolds 219

9.3.8 Conclusions 220

9.4 Bone: Tendon, Bone: Ligament Interface 220

9.4.1 Interface Anatomy 221

9.4.2 Stratified Scaffold Design 221

9.4.3 Cell Gradients 222

9.4.4 Material Gradients 224

9.4.5 Biochemical Gradients 225

9.4.6 Conclusions 226

9.5 Summary 226

References 227.

ISBN:

9780128033944

0128033940

OCLC:

969544705