Health measurement scales : a practical guide to their development and use / David L Streiner, Geoffrey R. Norman and John Cairney.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Streiner, David, author.

Norman, Geoffrey R., author.

Cairney, John, 1968- author.

Contributor:

EBSCOhost.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Health surveys.

Health status indicators--Measurement.

Health status indicators.

Public health--Evaluation.

Public health.

Medical care--Evaluation.

Medical care.

Health Surveys--methods.

Medical Subjects:

Health Surveys--methods.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (414 pages) : illustrations

polychrome

Edition:

Fifth edition.

Place of Publication:

New York, New York : Oxford University Press, 2015.

System Details:

text file

Summary:

Clinicians and those in health sciences are frequently called upon to measure subjective states such as attitudes, feelings, quality of life, educational achievement and aptitude, and learning style in their patients. This fifth edition of Health Measurement Scales enables these groups to both develop scales to measure non-tangible health outcomes, and better evaluate and differentiate between existing tools. Health Measurement Scales is the ultimate guide to developing and validating measurement scales that are to be used in the health sciences. The book covers how the individual items are developed, various biases that can affect responses (e.g. social desirability, yea-saying, framing); various response options; how to select the best items in the set; how to combine them into a scale; and finally how to determine the reliability and validity of the scale. It concludes with a discussion of ethical issues that may be encountered, and guidelines for reporting the results of the scale development process. Appendices include a comprehensive guide to finding existing scales, and a brief introduction to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This book is a must-read for any person dealing with surveys, questionnaires, and any kind of subjective measurement. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Introduction to health measurement scales 1

Introduction to measurement 1

A roadmap to the book 3

2 Basic concepts 7

Introduction to basic concepts 7

Searching the literature 7

Critical review 8

Empirical forms of validity 10

The two traditions of assessment 14

Summary 17

3 Devising the items 19

Introduction to devising items 19

The source of items 20

Content validity 25

Generic versus specific scales and the 'fidelity versus bandwidth' issue 28

Translation 38

4 Scaling responses 38

Introduction to scaling responses 38

Some basic concepts 38

Categorical judgements 39

Continuous judgements 41

To rate or to rank 64

Multidimensional scaling 65

5 Selecting the items 74

Introduction to selecting items 74

Interpretability 74

Face validity 79

Frequency of endorsement and discrimination 80

Homogeneity of the items 81

Multifactor inventories 91

When homogeneity does not matter 92

Putting it all together 94

6 Biases in responding 100

Introduction to biases in responding 100

The differing perspectives 100

Answering questions: the cognitive requirements 101

Optimizing and satisficing 104

Social desirability and faking good 106

Deviation and faking bad 111

Minimizing biased responding 111

Yea-saying or acquiescence 115

End-aversion, positive skew, and halo 115

Framing 118

Biases related to the measurement of change 119

Reconciling the two positions 121

Proxy reporting 121

Testing the items 122

7 From items to scales 131

Introduction to from items to scales 131

Weighting the items 131

Missing items 134

Multiplicative composite scores 135

Transforming the final score 138

Age and sex norms 143

Establishing cut points 145

Receivere operating characteristic curves 149

Summary 156

8 Reliability 159

Introduction to reliability 159

Basic concepts 159

Philosophical implications 161

Terminology 164

Defining reliability 164

Other considerations in calculating the reliability of a test: measuring consistency or absolute agreement 167

The observer nested within subject 169

Multiple observations 170

Other types of reliability 171

Different forms of the reliability coefficient 172

Kappa coefficient versus the ICC 178

The method of Bland and Altman 179

Issues of interpretation 180

Improving reliability 185

Standard error of the reliability coefficient and sample size 187

Reliability generalization 192

Summary 196

9 Generalizability theory 200

Introduction to generalizability theory 200

Generalizability theory fundamentals 202

An example 204

The first step-the ANOVA 204

Step 2-from ANOVA to G coefficients 207

Step 3-from G study to D study 212

ANOVA for satisticians and ANOVA for psychometricians 212

Confidence intervals for G coefficients 214

Getting the computer to do it for you 214

Some common examples 215

Uses and abuses of G theory 224

Summary 225

10 Validity 227

Introduction to validity 227

Why assess validity? 227

Reliability and validity 228

A history of the 'type' of validity 229

Content validation 232

Criterion validation 233

Construct validation 235

Responsiveness and sensitivity to change 244

Validity and 'types of indices' 244

Biases in validity assessment 245

Validity generalization 250

Summary 250

11 Measuring change 254

Introduction to measuring change 254

The goal of measurement of change 254

Why not measure change directly? 255

Measures of association-reliability and sensitivity to change 256

Difficulties with change scores in experimental designs 261

Change scores and quasi-experimental designs 262

Measuring change using multiple observations: growth curves 264

How much change is enough? 268

Summary 269

12 Item response theory 273

Introduction to item response theory 273

Problems with classical test theory 273

The introduction of item response theory 275

A note about terminology 275

Item calibration 276

The one-parameter model 280

The two- and three-parameter models 282

Polytomous models 284

Item information 286

Item fit 287

Person fit 289

Differential item functioning 289

Unidimensionality and local independence 290

Test information and the standard error of measurement 294

Equating tests 295

Sample size 296

Mokken scaling 296

Advantages 297

Disadvantages 299

Computer programs 300

13 Methods of administration 304

Introduction to methods of administration 304

Face-to-face interviews 304

Telephone questionnaires 307

Mailed questionnaires 312

The necessity of persistence 317

Computerizeadministrationon 319

Using e-mail and the Web 322

Personal data assistants and smart phones 328

From administration to content: the impact of technology on scale construction 329

Reporting response rates 331

14 Ethical considerations 340

Introduction to ethical considerations 340

Informed consent 341

Freedom of consent 344

Confidentiality 345

Consequential validation 346

Summary 347

15 Reporting test results 349

Introduction to reporting test results 349

Standards for educational and psychological testing 350

The STARD initiative 352

GRRAS 354

Summary 354.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Electronic reproduction. Ipswich, MA Available via World Wide Web.

Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on Dec. 22, 2014).

Other Format:

Print version: Streiner, David. Health measurement scales : a practical guide to their development and use.

ISBN:

9780191508325

0191508322

Publisher Number:

99961604201

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.