Beginnings of perinatal medicine / Erich Saling, Monika Dräger, Jens H. Stupin (eds.).

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Saling, Erich, editor.

Dräger, Monika, editor.

Stupin, Jens H., editor.

International Academy of Perinatal Medicine, issuing body.

Series:

Hot topics in perinatal medicine ; 4.

Hot topics in perinatal medicine, 2195-5573 ; 4

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Perinatology--History.

Perinatology.

History.

Physical Description:

ix, 135 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Berlin : De Gruyter, [2014]

Summary:

Viewed from a scientific historical angle, perinatal medicine is a still young special interdisciplinary field of medicine which came into being during the middle of the 20th century. Thanks to the scientific and medical activities of one of the editors of this volume, Professor Erich Saling, who is also called "The Father of Perinatal Medicine", essential impulses and innovations were achieved. With the introduction of fetal blood analysis he made it possible to gain direct access to the unborn infant, which today is regarded as a milestone at the beginning of Perinatal Medicine. For the first time, human medicine entered the intrauterine space. With the exception of the collection of articles edited by Rooth and Saugstad in 1985, in the history of perinatal medicine there only exist single papers of various sub-disciplines. Up to now there has been no publication that presents in an integrative way the history of the still young subspecialty. The main emphasis of this book is on the time period up to the early 70s (that means the early stages of Perinatal Medicine), however, both scientific precursors and later developments are mentioned shortly, when opportune. The authors of this volume are qualified specialists and some of them have decades of experience in the field they describe. history of a new medical field, of particular interest for obstetricians, perinatologists, neonatologists, gynecologists, Erich Saling is one of the main pioneers, several other outstanding experts in this field also contributed, numerous historic figures and photographs Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Preface and introduction / Erich Saling Saling, Erich, Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika, Jens H. Stupin Stupin, Jens H. 1

2 Fetal heart activity and measurements of labor activities / Erich Sating Sating, Erich, Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika 5

2.1 Scientific precursors 5

2.1.1 Development of the stethoscope 5

2.1.2 Recognition of the existence of fetal heart sounds 5

2.1.3 First attempts to register the fetal heart beats 6

2.1.4 Measurement of the intrauterine pressure during labor 8

2.2 Early stages: "modern" cardiotocogram (CTG) 11

2.3 Later developments 18

3 Fetal blood analysis (FBA) / Erich Saling Saling, Erich, Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika 23

3.1 Precursors 23

3.2 Fetal blood analysis (FBA) 23

3.3 Further developments 24

3.3.1 Pulse oxymetry 25

3.4 Excursion: Physiological concepts in connection with fetal blood analysis 25

3.4.1 "Brain sparing effect" 25

3.4.2 "Maternogenic" increase of metabolic acidity in the fetus 25

4 Amniotic fluid interventions and examinations / Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika, Erich Saling Saling, Erich 29

4.1 Knowledge about the significance of meconium in the amniotic fluid 29

4.2 Amniocentesis 30

4.3 Amnioscopy 31

5 Prevention of Rh-immunization / J. Bennebroek Gravenhorst Gravenhorst, J. Bennebroek 35

5.1 History 35

5.1.1 First descriptions and discovery of the pathogenesis 35

5.1.2 First exchange transfusions 36

5.2 Attempts to affect the immune system 36

5.3 Intrauterine transfusion 37

5.4 Rh-immune prophylaxis 37

5.5 Later developments 38

6 Sonography / Asim Kurjak Kurjak, Asim 41

6.1 Ian Donald - Pioneer of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology 41

6.2 Parallel early developments in the USA, Japan, and Russia 45

6.3 The ultrasonic boom in the 1960s 46

6.3.1 The development and use of new ultrasound devices: the Vidoson® real-time scanner and articulated-arm compound contact scanner SSD-10 46

6.3.2 The work of Alfred Kratochwil 48

6.3.3 The Kossoff group: first use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal malformation and further technical innovations 49

6.3.4 Ultrasound in the diagnostics of pregnancy assessment 50

6.4 The implementation of Doppler ultrasound 52

6.5 Later developments and future perspectives 53

6.5.1 The founding of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) and the first journal In this field 53

6.5.2 From the scan of fetal movements to the diagnosis of fetal well-being due to Doppler ultrasound 53

6.5.3 The implementation of 3D ultrasound 54

6.5.4 Use of ultrasound in the diagnostics of malformation and preterm delivery 55

7 Measures in cases of threatened prematurity / Amos Grüncbaum Grüncbaum, Amos 59

7.1 Tocolysis 59

7.1.1 Introduction 59

7.1.2 Medications for tocolysis 59

7.1.3 Later developments - tocolysis today 61

7.1.4 Conclusions 62

7.2 History of induction of lung maturation 62

7.2.1 Antecedent of fetal lung maturation 62

7.2.2 Early stages of fetal lung maturation 1940s-1960s 63

7.2.3 From 1970s till today 63

7.2.4 Conclusion 65

8 Diagnosis off genetic defects / Noelia Zork Zork, Noelia, Mary E. D'Alton D'Alton, Mary E. 69

8.1 Introduction 69

8.2 Early stages of clinical diagnostics: Fetoscopy versus ultrasound 69

8.3 The implementation of amniocentesis (AC) 70

8.4 The implementation of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) 70

8.5 Later developments in diagnostics: Ultrasound guided CVS and amniocentesis (AC) 71

8.6 Alpha-fetoprotein in maternal serum as non-invasive diagnostic tool 73

8.7 The triple and quadruple screens 74

8.8 The return of ultrasound 74

8.9 The combined screening 74

8.10 New directions: Cell free DNA (cfDNA) testing in maternal blood and chromosomal microarray 75

9 Assessment of the newborn immediately after delivery / Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika, Erich Saling Saling, Erich 79

9.1 Apgar-score 79

9.1.1 Precursors 79

9.1.2 Apgar-score 79

9.2 Assessment of the biochemical state of the newborn 82

9.2.1 Precursors - chemical and physiological scientific background 82

9.7.1 Blood gas analysis and pH-measurement in the newborn 82

9.2.1 Stanley James and Virginia Apgar 83

9.3 Attempts to modify the Apgar-score and completion of the assessment of the newborn 83

10 Neonatological part of perinatal medicine / Anne Greenough Greenough, Anne, Anthony D. Milner Milner, Anthony D. 87

10.1 Introduction 87

10.2 Resuscitation 87

10.2.1 Precursors in the eighteenth and nineteenth century 87

10.2.2 Beginnings of current neonatal resuscitation practices 89

10.2.3 "Alternative" approaches 90

10.2.4 Scientific comparison of different methods 90

10.2.5 Supplementary oxygen 90

10.2.6 Refilling anesthetic bag 91

10.2.7 Change in pressure limiting valves 91

10.2.8 Later developments and recommendations 91

10.3 Mechanical ventilation 92

10.3.1 Intermittent positive airway pressure 92

10.3.2 Negative external inhalation 93

10.3.3 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 94

10.3.4 Outcomes of mechanical ventilation 94

10.3.5 Altering inflation times and rates 94

10.3.6 Later developments 96

10.4 Exogenous surfactant therapy 97

10.4.1 Physiological background 97

10.4.2 Identification of the chemical structure of surfactant 97

10.4.3 Methods for assessing surfactant 98

10.4.4 Hormones and the surfactant system 99

10.4.5 Surfactant therapy 99

10.5 Conclusions 100

11 History of clinical structures and development of the Perinatal Care System / Jens H. Stupin Stupin, Jens H. 105

11.1 Introduction 105

11.2 Historical precursors of a structural reform 105

11.2.1 The need for the establishment of antenatal care at the end of the 19th century 105

11.2.2 John William Ballantyne's plea for a pro-maternity hospital 106

11.3 Erich Saling's proposals for reforms in obstetrics: Early attempts to structural reform 108

11.4 International developments as the answer to Saling's proposals 109

11.5 Later developments and evolution of an integrative Perinatal Care System 112

12 History of first activities such as training, publications, foundation of very first congresses and societies / Erich Saling Saling, Erich, Monika Dräger Dräger, Monika 115

12.1 New section in medicine: First activities 115

12.2 First Local educational activities 116

12.3 Later developments 120

13 History of the International Academy of Perinatal Medicine (IAPM) / Jose M. Carrera Carrera, Jose M. 121

13.1 Introduction 121

13.2 The first steps 121

13.3 The roots of the Academy 122

13.4 Foundation of the IAPM 123

13.5 Identity, mission, and objectives of IAPM 124

13.5.1 Mission 124

13.5.2 Objectives of the IAPM 125

13.6 Activities of the IAPM 126.

Notes:

"In collaboration with the International Academy of Perinatal Medicine (IAPM)."

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

ISBN:

3110317907

9783110317909

OCLC:

887857407