Science and political controversy : a reference handbook / David E. Newton.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Newton, David E.

Series:

Contemporary world issues

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Science--Political aspects.

Science.

Science and state--History.

Science and state.

Science--Political aspects--United States.

Science and state--United States.

History.

United States.

Genre:

Handbooks and manuals.

Physical Description:

xv, 332 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

Santa Barbara, Calif. : ABC-CLIO, [2014]

Summary:

"A shrewd and compelling examination of how political figures throughout history have used scientific findings to achieve their objectives--just as scientists have often put political forces to work to achieve their own goals"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

1 Background and History 3

Greek Science in Decline 7

The Rise of Modern Science 9

What Is Science? 13

The Organization of Science 15

What Is the Purpose of Science? 17

The Industrial Revolution 19

The French Revolution 22

The Origins of Science in America 24

The Growth of Basic Research in the United States 26

Science and Politics in the Mid-20th Century 29

The Soviet Union 30

Nazi Germany 33

Great Britain 36

Conclusion 41

2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions 53

Galileo Revisited: The Case of J. Robert Oppenheimer 54

The Science behind the Politics 54

Reaction in the United States 56

Oppenheirner, the Manhattan Project, and Reaction 58

The Space Race and the Apollo Program 62

Big Science, Little Science 66

The Superconducting Super Collider 67

The Strategic Defense Initiative 70

Science Interruptus 76

The Evils of Marijuana 83

Issues of Human Sexuality 92

Abstinence-Only Education 93

Plan B 97

Global Climate Change 101

Conclusion 106

3 Perspectives 123

Introduction 123

The Politics of Human Embryonic Stem Cells / Sandy Becker Becker, Sandy 123

Kitzmiller v. Dover in Focus / Glenn Branch Branch, Glenn 126

Science Is Not a Liberal Conspiracy / Allan B. Cobb Cobb, Allan B. 130

Rowland's Recipe for Climate Treaty Success / Joel Grossman Grossman, Joel 133

The Evolving Dispute over Teaching Darwinism / Phill Jones Jones, Phill 136

A Satellite Launches More Controversy 138

Antievolutionists Struggle to Adapt Tactics 139

The Politics of Genetically Modified Foods / Bill Loftus Loftus, Bill 140

Science, Politics, and High Energy Physics / Michael Perricone Perricone, Michael 143

Lysenko's Revenge: Science, Politics, and Hot Rhetoric / John Galbraith Simmons Simmons, John Galbraith 147

The Corruption of Climate Science by Leftist Politics / A.J. Smuskiewicz Smuskiewicz, A.J. 153

Oil and Water-The Political Mix of the 21st Century / Lana Straub Straub, Lana 160

4 Profiles 167

Introduction 167

Todd Akin (1947-) 168

American Association for the Advancement of Science 170

Jonathan Beckwith (1935-) 173

Coalition on the Public Understanding of Science 176

Teresa Stanton Collett 179

Federation of American Scientists 183

Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) 186

Government Accountability Project 189

Edward R. Korman (1942-) 192

Philipp Lenard (1862-1947) 194

John Marburger (1941-2011) 197

National Academy of Sciences 199

National Center for Science Education 202

Plato (428/427-348/347 BCE) 204

Project on Scientific Knowledge and Public Policy 207

Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility 210

Ronald Reagan (1911-2004) 213

Eugenie C. Scott (1945-) 216

Kathleen Sebelius (1948-) 219

B.K Skinner (1904-1990) 221

Union of Concerned Scientists 224

5 Data and Documents 229

Introduction 229

Data 229

Table 5.1 Impact of Abstinence-Only Education Programs on Behavior 230

Table 5.2 Survey of FDA Scientists. Percent of Scientists Expressing Each Opinion on Each Question 231

Documents 233

The Republic, by Plato (ca. 389 BCE) 233

Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 235

Abortion and Breast Cancer Legislation (1990s) 236

Politics and Science in the Federal Government (2003) 238

Gil Garcetti, et al., Petitioners v. Richard Ceballos, 547 U.S. 410 (2006) 242

Politicization of the Surgeon General's Office (2007) 245

In the Matter of Julie MacDonald (2008) 248

Interference at the EPA: Science and Politics at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008) 250

State of Louisiana, Act No. 473, Regular Session 2008 252

Proposed Amendments to H.R. 1 (2011) 254

Allegation of Scientific and Scholarly Misconduct and Reprisal (2012) 256

Annie Tummino, et al.,-against-Margaret Hamburg, Commissioner of Food and Drugs, et al., No. 12-cv-763 (ERK) (WP) (2013) 258

Draft High Quality Research Act (2013) 260

6 Resources for Further Research 265

Introduction 265

Books 265

Articles 274

Reports 285

Internet Resources 288

7 Chronology 303

8 Glossary 315.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781610693196

1610693191

OCLC:

862958387