Ascites / Jens H. Henriksen, Søren Møller.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Henriksen, Jens H.

Contributor:

Møller, Søren.

Series:

Colloquium digital library of life sciences

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology ; 2154-5626 # 39.

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology, 2154-5626 ; # 39

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Ascites.

Medical Subjects:

Ascites.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (x, 106 pages) : illustrations.

Place of Publication:

San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA) : Morgan & Claypool, [2013]

System Details:

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

text file

Summary:

This volume deals with the history, aetiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, prognosis, and rational treatment of ascites. During the past decade, our knowledge of the pathophysiology of ascites has increased substantially and more specific therapies are now based on aetiology and pathophysiology. It is the intention of this book to review recent progress in pathophysiology of ascites and therapies based on pathophysiology. Although the different types of ascites have a different aetiology and very different pathophysiology, the development of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is always a bad clinical sign. It has a severe prognosis, which is mainly dependent on the aetiology and progression of the underlying disease. However, among patients with ascites, the prognosis may be very different, mainly owing to the presence of portal venous hypertension, malignancy in the abdominal cavity, and end-stage congestive heart failure. The addition of complications like the hepatorenal syndrome and bacterial peritonitis, whether spontaneous or secondary, adds heavily to the bad prognosis. Since hepatic ascites are by far the most complex with respect to pathophysiology, complications, and treatment, emphasis is put on the description of this entity. Ascites of other aetiologies are mentioned along with hepatic ascites, in particular, if the pathophysiology differs from ascites of hepatic origin.

Contents:

1. Introduction

2. Pathophysiology of ascites

2.1 History

2.2 Aetiology of ascites

2.3 Diagnosis of ascites

2.3.1 Analysis of ascitic fluid

2.3.2 Measurement of ascitic fluid volume

2.4 Physiology of liver, gastrointestinal tract, and peritoneal space vasculature

2.4.1 Normal vasculature

2.5 Hepatic ascites

2.5.1 Microvasculature in sinusoids and capillaries

2.5.2 Transport from the peritoneal cavity to the bloodstream

2.5.3 Transport of highly soluble substances with low molecular weight

2.5.4 Transport of low molecular extracellular substances

2.5.5 Transport of high molecular substances

2.5.6 Dynamics of local elements in the formation and therapy of hepatic ascites

2.5.7 Effect of vasodilators/constrictors on microvascular fluid dynamic in hepatic ascites

2.6 Peritoneal carcinosis

2.7 Peritonitis with ascites

2.8 Pancreatic ascites

2.9 Chylous ascites

2.10 Nephrogenic ascites

2.11 Cardiac ascites

2.12 Hypoproteinaemic ascites

3. Systemic elements in the ascites syndrome

3.1 Abnormal distribution and regulation of plasma volume in hepatic ascites

3.1.1 Splanchnic and peripheral vasodilatation

3.1.2 Dynamic coupling between the heart and central arterial tree

3.2 Neurohumoral regulation in hepatic ascites

3.3 Kidney function in ascites with special focus on hepatic ascites

3.3.1 Renal blood flow (RBF)

3.3.2 Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

3.3.3 Proximal tubules

3.3.4 Thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and distal tubules

3.3.5 Collecting ducts

4. Complications of ascites

4.1 Hepatic nephropathy and the hepatorenal syndromes

4.2 Cardiac dysfunction in hepatic ascites

4.3 Other complications and effects of ascites on the organism

5. Treatment of ascites

5.1 Treatment of hepatic ascites

5.2 Treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)

5.3 Treatment of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)

5.4 Treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome and veno-occlusive disease

5.5 Perspective and conclusions on treatment of hepatic ascites

5.6 Treatment of non-hepatic ascites

5.7 Conclusion

References

Author biographies.

Notes:

Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.

Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 20, 2013).

Series from website.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-103).

Other Format:

Print version:

ISBN:

9781615045679

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.