Intestinal water and electrolyte transport in health and disease / Mrinalini C. Rao, Jayashree Sarathy (nee Venkatasubramanian), Mei Ao.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Rao, Mrinalini C., author.

Contributor:

Sarathy, Jayashree.

Ao, Mei.

Series:

Colloquium digital library of life sciences

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology ; 2154-5626 # 31.

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology, 2154-5626 ; # 31

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Intestines--Secretions.

Intestines.

Biological transport.

Body fluid flow.

Intestinal Secretions.

Biological Transport.

Body Fluids.

Medical Subjects:

Intestinal Secretions.

Biological Transport.

Body Fluids.

Physical Description:

1 electronic text (ix, 105 pages) : illustrations.

Place of Publication:

San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA) : Morgan and Claypool, [2012]

System Details:

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

text file

Summary:

The unique architecture and physiology of the mammalian intestine, together with a tightly coordinated regulatory system, allows for the handling and absorption of as much as 9 L of fluid a day with 98% or greater efficiency. Advances in the past 40 years have made inroads into revealing the intricacies and interplay of numerous ion transporters and their modulators that are responsible for intestinal electrolyte and water transport. Studies of two devastating diseases, the virulent infectious disease cholera and the autosomal recessive disease cystic fibrosis, were largely responsible for this information explosion. These advances have been critical in the development of new therapeutic strategies to combat life-threatening diseases of varying etiologies ranging from enteric infections to cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Yet, the story is far from complete, and progress needs to continue on translating information gained from reductionistic cell and tissue culture models, in vivo models, and ultimately human studies and on improving therapeutic approaches. This book reviews the current status of our knowledge of fluid transport across the intestine, including the complexities of transcellular and paracellular ion transport down the length of the intestine and how aberrations of normal physiological processes lead to disease.

Contents:

1. Overview

2. Epithelial cell and tissue architecture

2.1 Polarized epithelial cell

2.2 Tight junctions

3. Principles of transepithelial electrolyte and water movement

3.1 Transcellular movement

3.2 Paracellular movement

4. Intestinal architecture and electrolyte transport

4.1 Segmental heterogeneity of transport down the crypt-villus and crypt-surface axes

4.2 Segmental heterogeneity of transport down the cephalocaudal axis

5. Electrolyte transporters, pumps, carriers, and channels

5.1 Transport of cations

5.1.1 Sodium

5.1.1.1 Sodium-potassium ATPase

5.1.1.2 Sodium-coupled glucose transport

5.1.1.3 Sodium-hydrogen exchanger

5.1.1.4 Sodium channel

5.1.2 Potassium

5.1.2.1 Potassium absorption

5.1.2.2 Potassium channels and secretion

5.2 Transport of anions

5.2.1 Chloride

5.2.1.1 Chloride absorption

5.2.1.2 Chloride secretion

5.2.1.2.1 Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport

5.2.1.2.2 CFTR chloride channeL

5.2.1.2.3 ClC chloride channels

5.2.1.2.4 Ca2+-activated chloride channels

5.2.2 Bicarbonate

5.2.3 Short-chain fatty acid

6. Water transport

6.1 Routes of water transport

6.2 Aquaporins

6.2.1 Aquaporin structure and function

6.2.2 Relevance of aquaporins in the intestine

6.3 Uniporters and cotransporters

6.4 Mechanisms of water transport in the intestine

7. Regulation

7.1 Intracellular mediators

7.1.1 Cyclic AMP

7.1.2 Cyclic GMP

7.1.3 Calcium

7.1.4 Protein kinases

7.1.5 Compartmentalization

7.1.6 Transcriptional and translational control

7.2 PINES: Paracrine-Immuno-Neuro-Endocrine System

7.2.1 Autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine regulation

7.2.2 Immunologic regulation

7.2.3 Neural regulation

7.2.4 Endocrine regulation

7.2.4.1 Absorptive factors

7.2.4.2 Steroid hormones

7.2.4.3 Secretory factors

7.2.4.4 Guanylin and nitric oxide

7.3 Other regulatory effects

7.3.1 Developmental regulation

7.3.2 Systemic effects

7.3.3 Osmotic effects

7.3.4 Homocellular regulation

8. Intestinal disorders and advances toward better treatment of intestinal disorders

8.1 Infections

8.2 Bile acid- and fatty acid-induced diarrheas

8.3 Inflammation

8.4 Genetic diseases (cystic fibrosis and congenital chloridorrhea)

8.5 Constipation

8.6 Oral rehydration therapy

9. Conclusion

References.

Notes:

Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.

Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on February 17, 2012).

Series from website.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-105).

Other Format:

Print version:

ISBN:

9781615041572

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.