Emerging powers in the WTO : developing countries and trade in the 21st century / Constantine Michalopoulos.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Michalopoulos, Constantine, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Commerce.

History.

Developing countries--Commerce--History--21st century.

Developing countries.

World Trade Organization.

Physical Description:

xxi, 278 pages ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York, NY : Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

Summary:

The most important dimension of globalization in the last thirty years and especially since 2000 has been the dramatic increase of developing country participation in world trade and the emergence of a number of powers such as Brazil, China and India that are playing key roles in the global economy and in the WTO. But many other developing countries continue to struggle to transform their economies, handicapped by institutional constraints and protection against their exports both in developed and developing country markets. This volume examines the main factors for developing country trade performance in the last thirty years, their own trade policies, market access issues they face, and their increasingly more effective participation the WTO. The last part of the book addresses the future role of the WTO in the international trade system in connection with the challenges it faces, such as the multitude of preferential trade agreements and the changing powers structure within it. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Trends in the Trade of Developing Countries, 1980-2010 1

Introduction 1

Trends in merchandise trade 4

Trade in services 12

Integration in world trade 13

Policy issues 19

2 Trade and Development in GATT and the WTO 23

Introduction 23

Principles and practices of developing countries in GATT, 1947-86 24

The Doha Round 44

3 WTO Accession Issues 46

Introduction 46

The benefits of WTO membership 47

The accession process and strategies 49

Progress in accession 54

Is all the trouble to become a member worth it? 64

Lessons of experience and issues for the future 65

4 Developing-Country Trade Policies 68

Introduction 68

Trade policies that affect merchandise imports 68

Measures that affect exports 97

Preferential arrangements 103

Services 106

The continuing debate on trade policy 111

5 Developing-Country Trade-Related Institutions and Aid for Trade 115

Introduction 115

Institutional development and capacity constraints 116

International assistance efforts 122

Conclusions 135

6 Developed-Country Trade Policies 137

Introduction 137

Tariffs 138

Non-tariff measures 144

SPS and TBT 153

Services 155

The world since 2008 157

7 The TRIPS Agreement and Developing Countries 161

Introduction 161

The nature of IPRs: does one size fit all? 162

Costs and benefits 165

Early implementation issues: 1995-2001 171

The Doha Round 174

Exclusions and alternatives to patents: Article 27.3(b) 176

Transfer of technology 178

Domestic actions 179

8 Developing-Country Participation in the WTO 181

Introduction 181

Membership 183

Representation 185

Decision-making 189

Leadership positions 190

Informal consultations 192

Agenda-setting and the ministerial meetings 195

The Secretariat 197

Dispute settlement 198

Capacity constraints and institutional integration 201

Policy implications 204

9 The Doha Round Negotiations 206

Introduction 206

NAMA 207

Agriculture 209

Services 212

Trade facilitation 213

TRIPS 216

LDCs 217

Rules 219

How much was left on the table? 219

The blame game 221

Where do we go from here? 222

10 The Future of the WTO in Global Governance 224

Introduction 224

Preferences 225

Negotiations 227

Special and differential treatment 229

Rules 232

Monitoring implementation and dispute settlement 232

Policy coherence 234

The emerging powers and governance of international institutions 242

11 Conclusions and Recommendations 244

Conclusions 244

Agenda for action 248.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 256-257) and index.

ISBN:

9781137297075

1137297077

OCLC:

867827372