Phonetic transcription in theory and practice / Barry Heselwood.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Heselwood, B. (Barry)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Language and languages--Phonetic transcriptions.

Language and languages.

Physical Description:

xiv, 312 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Place of Publication:

Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, [2013]

Summary:

The first book-length monograph to address all of the important aspects of phonetic transcription, How has phonetic transcription developed as a special mode of writing? What distinguishes phonetic notation from spelling and transliteration? What is its relationship with phonetic theory? This book takes a historical and theoretical perspective on the development of phonetic notation and phonetic transcription. Different notation systems and different kinds of transcription are described, and an account is offered of how phonetic symbols work to denote abstract theoretical categories and to represent spoken language data. Arguments are put for the value of impressionistic phonetic transcription as a record of auditory-perceptual analysis, and the relationship between transcription and instrumental records is examined. Various uses of phonetic transcription are also surveyed. The most recent versions of the IPA, ExtIPA, VoQS and IPA Braille charts, and an elaborated IPA chart, are included in the Appendix along with a glossary of technical terms. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Theoretical Preliminaries to Phonetic Notation and Transcription 5

1.0 Introduction 5

1.1 Phonetic Transcription and Spelling 5

1.1.1 Logography and phonography 6

1.1.2 Sound-spelling correspondence 6

1.1.3 Speech, writing and the linguistic sign 9

1.1.4 Spoken and written languages as translation equivalents 14

1.2 Phonetic Symbols and Speech Sounds 15

1.2.1 Speech sounds as discrete segments 15

1.2.2 Complexity of speech sounds 18

1.2.3 Speech sounds vs. analysis of speech sounds 19

1.3 Phonetic Notation, General Phonetic Models and the Role of Phonetic Theory 20

1.3.1 Phonetic transcription as descriptive phonetic models 24

1.3.2 Phonetic transcription as data reduction-by-analysis 25

1.4 Content of Phonetic Models 26

1.5 Respelling as Pseudo-Phonetic Transcription 28

1.5.1 Transliteration as pseudo-phonetic transcription 29

1.6 Orthographic Transcription 32

1.6.1 Interpretation of spellings and transcriptions 33

1.7 Status and Function of Notations and Transcriptions 35

2 Origins and Development of Phonetic Transcription 37

2.0 Introduction 37

2.1 Representation of Pronunciation in Writing Systems 37

2.2 Phonographic Processes in Writing Systems 38

2.2.1 The rebus principle 38

2.2.2 Syllabography 39

2.2.3 The acrophonic principle 40

2.2.4 The notion 'segment' revisited 41

2.2.5 Subsegmental analysis 45

2.2.6 Diffusion and borrowing of writing systems 46

2.2.7 Anti-phonography 47

2.3 The Development of Phonetic Theory 48

2.3.1 Phonetic theory in the pre-Modern world 49

2.3.2 Phonetic theory in the Early Modern world 51

2.3.3 Phonetic terminology in the 'English School' 65

2.3.4 Phonetic theory in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 66

2.3.5 From correspondence to representation 69

2.3.6 Spelling reform 70

3 Phonetic Notation 73

3.0 Introduction 73

3.1 Organic-Iconic Notation 74

3.1.1 Korean Hangul 75

3.1.2 Helmont's interpretation of Hebrew letters 76

3.1.3 Wilkins's organic-iconic symbols 77

3.1.4 Bell's Visible Speech notation 79

3.1.5 Sweet's organic-iconic notation 80

3.1.6 The Passy-Jones organic alphabet 82

3.2 Organic-Analogical Notation 83

3.2.1 Wilkins's analogical notation 83

3.2.2 Lodwick's analogical notation 86

3.2.3 Sproat's analogical notation 88

3.2.4 Notation for a voiced alveolar trill in Wilkins, Bell/Sweet and Passy-Jones 90

3.3 Analphabetic Notation 92

3.3.1 Jespersen's analphabetic notation 93

3.3.2 Pike's analphabetic notation 95

3.4 Alphabetic Notation and the Structure of Symbols 97

3.4.1 Pre-nineteenth-century alphabetic notation 101

3.4.2 Lepsius's Standard Alphabet 106

3.4.3 Ellis's palaeotype notation 109

3.4.4 Sweet's romic notation 111

3.4.5 IPA notation 112

3.4.6 Extensions to the IPA 119

3.4.7 IPA Braille notation 124

3.4.8 Pitch notation 126

3.4.9 Notation for voice quality and long domain categories 128

3.4.10 SAMPA notation 129

3.4.11 Notation for infant vocalisations 130

3.4.12 Using notations 132

3.5 Ordering of Components and Homography in Composite Symbols 134

3.6 Hierarchical Notation 137

4 Types of Transcription 141

4.0 Introduction 141

4.1 Specific and Generic Transcriptions 142

4.2 Orientation of Transcriptions 143

4.3 Broad and Narrow Transcriptions 144

4.4 Systematic and Impressionistic Transcriptions 145

4.5 General Phonetic Transcription 147

4.6 Phonemic Transcription 148

4.7 Allophonic Transcription 155

4.8 Archiphonemic Transcription 157

4.9 Morphophonemic Transcription 158

4.10 Exclusive and Inclusive Transcriptions 160

4.11 Dynamic Transcription 161

4.11.1 Parametric transcription 163

4.11.2 Gestural scores 165

4.11.3 Intonation and rhythm 166

4.12 Instrument-Dependent and Instrument-Independent Transcriptions 170

4.13 Transcriptions as Performance Scores 170

4.13.1 Nonsense words 171

4.13.2 Transcriptions as prescriptive models 173

4.13.3 Spelling pronunciation 174

4.13.4 Active and passive readings of transcriptions 175

4.14 Third Party Transcriptions 175

4.15 Laying Out Transcriptions 175

5 Narrow Impressionistic Phonetic Transcription 178

5.0 Introduction 178

5.1 Pressure-Waves, Auditory Events and Sounds 179

5.2 The Auditory System and Auditory Perception Of Speech 180

5.2.1 Just noticeable differences 184

5.3 Perception of Speech 185

5.4 Is Speech Processed Differendy from Non-Speech Stimuli? 191

5.5 The Issue of Consistency 194

5.6 The Issue of Veridicality 195

5.7 The Content of Perceptual Objects 198

5.8 The Objects of Analysis for Impressionistic Transcription 201

5.9 Phonetic Judgements and Ascription 204

5.10 Objections to Impressionistic Transcription 206

5.11 Who Should Make Impressionistic Transcriptions? 209

5.12 Conditions for Making Transcriptions 211

5.13 Comparing Transcriptions and Consensus Transcriptions 215

5.14 Are Some Kinds of Data Harder to Transcribe Than Others? 220

6 Phonetic Transcription in Relation to Instrumental and Other Records 223

6.0 Introduction 223

6.1 Instrument-Dependent Transcriptions 225

6.1.1 Instrument-determined transcriptions 225

6.1.2 Instrument-informed transcriptions 228

6.2 Functions of Instrument-Dependent Transcriptions 229

6.2.1 Annotating function 229

6.2.2 Summarising function 233

6.2.3 Corpus transcriptions 234

6.3 Indexed Transcriptions 235

6.4 Impressionistic Transcription and Instrumental Records 236

6.5 Phonetic Domains, Phonetic Theory and Their Relations 240

6.5.1 Articulatory domain 243

6.5.2 Aerodynamic domain 245

6.5.3 Acoustic domain 246

6.5.4 Auditory domain 247

6.5.5 Perceptual domain 248

6.5.6 Phonetic categories as domain-neutral 249

6.6 Multi-Tiered and Multilayered Transcriptions 250

7 Uses of Phonetic Transcription 251

7.0 Introduction 251

7.1 Transcription in Dictionaries 251

7.2 Transcription in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching 253

7.3 Transcription in Phonetics Learning and Teaching 256

7.4 Transcription in Speech Pathology and Therapy 256

7.5 Transcription in Dialectology, Accent Studies and Sociophonetics 257

7.6 Transcription in Conversation Analysis 261

7.7 Transcription in Forensic Phonetics 263.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 268-294) and index.

ISBN:

9780748640737

0748640738

OCLC:

847833593