Modelling freight transport / edited by Lóránt Tavasszy, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands, Gerard De Jong, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, UK.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Tavasszy, Lorant A., editor.

Jong, Gerard de, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Freight and freightage--Mathematical models.

Freight and freightage.

Physical Description:

xii, 256 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2014.

Summary:

Elsevier Insights provides high quality specialized content across a range of disciplines including life sciences, physical sciences, social sciences, engineering, computing, and finance. Through fast-track publication, Elsevier Insights offers the reader cutting-edge information, available in eBook or print format. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Introduction / Lóránt Tavasszy Tavasszy, Lóránt, Gerard de Jong Jong, Gerard de 1

1.1 Background and Objectives 1

1.2 Conceptual Framework for Freight Decisions 2

1.2.1 Goods: Production, Consumption and Trade 3

1.2.2 Inventory Networks 4

1.2.3 Transport Organisation 4

1.3 Freight Models - Theoretical Perspective of the Book 6

1.4 Freight Models - Practical Perspectives Addressed 9

1.5 Organisation of This Volume 10

References 11

2 Modelling Inter-Regional Freight Demand with Input-Output, Gravity and SCGE Methodologies / Olga Ivanova Ivanova, Olga 13

2.1 Introduction 13

2.2 State-of-the-Art in of Inter-Regional Freight Demand Modelling 16

2.3 Forecasting Inter-Regional Trade Using Gravity 19

2.3.1 The History of Gravity Model 19

2.3.2 Theoretical Foundations of Gravity Equation 20

2.4 Multi-Regional I/O Framework 21

2.4.1 Multi-Regional IO Models with Fixed Trade Coefficients 21

2.4.2 Introduction of Variable Trade Coefficients Using Random Utility Theory 22

2.4.3 Overview of Empirical Inter-Regional IO Models 23

2.5 Spatial General Equilibrium Models and NEG Effects 25

2.5.1 Overview of the Methodology 25

2.5.2 Calibration of SCGE Models 26

2.5.3 Simple Mathematical Formulation 27

2.5.4 Including the Spatial Dimension 29

2.5.5 Capital and Labour Mobility 30

2.5.6 Agglomeration/Dispersion Forces 30

2.5.7 Review of the Empirical SCGE Models 31

2.5.8 The RAEM Family of SCGE Models 35

2.6 Conclusions and Ideas for Further Research 37

References 39

Suggestions for Further Reading 40

3 Freight Generation and Freight Trip Generation Models / José Holguín-Veras Holguín-Veras, José, Miguel Jaller Jaller, Miguel, Ivan Sánchez-Díaz Sánchez-Díaz, Ivan, Shama Campbell Campbell, Shama, Catherine T. Lawson Lawson, Catherine T. 43

3.1 Introduction 43

3.2 Literature Review 44

3.2.1 FTG Models 44

3.2.2 FG Models 47

3.3 Logistical Interpretation of FG/FTG 47

3.4 Factors to Take into Account when Estimating or Applying FG and FTG 50

3.4.1 Classification Systems 51

3.4.2 Level of Aggregation 52

3.4.3 Aggregation Procedures 52

3.5 Case Study: FTG in the New York City Metropolitan Area 53

3.5.1 Transferability of FG and FTG Models 55

3.5.2 Spatial Effects on Freight Trips Attraction 57

3.6 Conclusion 57

References 60

4 Distribution Structures / Hanno Friedrich Friedrich, Hanno, Lóránt Tavasszy Tavasszy, Lóránt, Igor Davydenko Davydenko, Igor 65

4.1 Introduction 65

4.2 The Micro Level 66

4.2.1 Drivers and Their Developments 68

4.2.2 Micro-Level Normative Models 70

4.2.3 Applicability for Descriptive Purposes 76

4.3 From Micro to Macro Level 77

4.3.1 Challenges in Aggregate Models 77

4.3.2 Aggregate Modelling of Inventory Structures 79

4.4 Conclusion 85

References 86

5 Inventory Theory and Freight Transport Modelling / François Combes Combes, François 89

5.1 Inventory Theory 89

5.1.1 The Economic Order Quantity Model 90

5.1.2 Extensions of the EOQ Model 92

5.1.3 Models of Optimal Shipment Size with Uncertain Demand 95

5.2 Microeconomics of Logistics and Freight Transport 97

5.2.1 The TLC Function 97

5.2.2 The TLC in the EOQ Model: A Simple Freight Mode Choice Model with Logistics 98

5.2.3 The TLC in the Context of a Dynamic Model: A Partial Theory of the Value of Time and Value of Reliability in Freight Transport 100

5.2.4 The Inventory Theoretic Model of Freight Transport Demand of W. J. Baumol and H. D. Vinod 101

5.2.5 The Structure of Freight Transport Costs 102

5.3 Databases 103

5.3.1 Commodity Flow Surveys 103

5.3.2 The ECHO Shipper Survey 104

5.3.3 Inventory Theory and the Need for Adequate Data 104

5.4 The Econometrics of Freight Mode Choice and Shipment Size 105

5.4.1 Exploratory Analyses 105

5.4.2 Structural Analyses 106

5.5 Perspectives for Simulation 111

References 112

6 Mode Choice Models / Gerard de Jong Jong, Gerard de 117

6.1 Introduction 117

6.1.1 Mode Choice at Different Spatial Levels 117

6.1.2 Relevance of Modal Split 118

6.1.3 Dependent and Independent Variables 118

6.1.4 Disaggregate and Aggregate Mode Choice Models 119

6.1.5 Closely Related Choices 119

6.2 The Disaggregate Mode Choice Theory 121

6.2.1 Cost Functions and Utility Functions 121

6.2.2 Different Distributional Assumptions Lead to Different Discrete Choice Models 124

6.2.3 Non-RUM Models 129

6.2.4 Interaction Between Agents in Freight Transport 130

6.3 Practical Examples 132

6.3.1 Aggregate Mode Choice Models 132

6.3.2 Disaggregate Mode Choice Models 134

6.3.3 Joint Models for Mode Choice and Related Choices 135

References 137

7 Vehicle-Trip Estimation Models / José Holguíh-Veras Holguíh-Veras, José, Carlos González-Calderón González-Calderón, Carlos, Iván Sánchez-Díaz Sánchez-Díaz, Iván, Miguel Jaller Jaller, Miguel, Shama Campbell Campbell, Shama 143

7.1 Introduction 143

7.2 Estimation of Loaded Trips 146

7.3 Estimation of Empty Trips 149

7.3.1 Commodity-Based Empty Trip Models 150

7.3.2 Generalised NVE Models 151

7.3.3 Tour Based Empty Trip Models 152

7.3.4 Parameter Estimation Procedures 155

7.3.5 Empirical Evidence 158

7.4 Concluding Remarks 159

References 160

8 Urban Freight Models / Antonio Comi Comi, Antonio, Rick Donnelly Donnelly, Rick, Francesco Russo Russo, Francesco 163

8.1 Introduction 163

8.2 Push Models of Urban Freight 166

8.2.1 Classical Urban Track Models 166

8.2.2 Tour-Based Extensions to Classical Models 168

8.2.3 Urban Input-Output Data and Models 169

8.2.4 Firmographic Models and Business Metrics 171

8.2.5 The Supply Chain Context of Urban Freight 172

8.2.6 Simulation Modelling Frameworks 174

8.3 Pull Models for Urban Freight 176

8.3.1 Retailer's Standpoint 177

8.3.2 Final Business Standpoint 181

8.3.3 End-Consumers' Standpoint 182

8.3.4 The Overall Modelling Framework 186

8.4 Emerging Modelling Approaches 187

8.5 Conclusions 190

Acknowledgements 191

References 191

9 Freight Service Valuation and Elasticities / Gerard de Jong Jong, Gerard de 201

9.1 Introduction 201

9.2 Freight Service Valuation 202

9.2.1 Use of Models Versus Calculation of Factor Cost 202

9.2.2 Different Data and Discrete Choice Models for Freight Service Valuation 203

9.2.3 Outcomes for the Value of Transport Time 209

9.2.4 Outcomes for the Value of Transport Time Reliability 213

9.2.5 Other Freight Service Values 216

9.3 Freight Transport Elasticities 216

9.3.1 Derivation of Elasticities from Transport Models 216

9.3.2 Classification of Response Mechanisms 219

9.3.3 Outcome Range for Price (Cost) Elasticities 221

9.3.4 Consistent Cost and Time Elasticities of the Modal Split 224

References 225

10 Data Availability and Model Form / Lóránt Tavasszy Tavasszy, Lóránt, Gerard de Jong Jong, Gerard de 229

10.1 Introduction 229

10.2 Overview of Different Data Sources for Freight Transport Modelling 229

10.2.1 International Trade Statistics 229

10.2.2 National Accounts 231

10.2.3 Transport Statistics 232

10.2.4 Shipper Surveys 233

10.2.5 Specific Project-Based Interview Data (Especially Stated Preference Data) 234

10.2.6 Consignment Bills and RFIDs 234

10.2.7 Traffic Count Data 235

10.2.8 Transport Safety Inspection Data 235

10.2.9 Network Data 235

10.2.10 Cost Functions 235

10.2.11 Terminal Data 236

10.3 Which Data Sources Can Be Used in Which Type of Model? 236

10.4 Discussion on Data Availability and Model Form 236

10.5 Dealing with Data Limitations Through Estimation 240

10.6 Concluding Remarks 242

References 243

11 Comprehensive Versus Simplified Models / Lóránt Tavasszy Tavasszy, Lóránt, Gerard de Jong Jong, Gerard de 245

11.1 Introduction 245

11.2 High-and Low-Resolution Models 246

11.3 Model Objectives and Policy Questions and Their Impact on Model Form 248

11.4 Approaches for Simplification 250

11.4.1 Simplification by Omission of Sub-Models 251

11.4.2 Simplification by Integration 253

11.4.3 Simplification by Reduced Data Need 255

11.5 Concluding Remarks on Comprehensive Versus Simplified Models 255

References 256.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9780124104006

0124104002

OCLC:

868300633