New critique of ideology : lessons from post -pinochet chile.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Camargo, Ricardo, 1970-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Habermas, Jürgen.

Žižek, Slavoj.

Political science.

Chile--Politics and government--1988-.

Chile.

Politics and government.

Physical Description:

pages ; cm

Place of Publication:

[Place of publication not identified] : Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.

Summary:

This book offers an original and comprehensive formulation of a new ideology critique for political analysis. Going beyond the reiterative attempts of declaring the 'death of ideology', the book - after revisiting the main developments of the theory of ideology - presents a productive critique of Habermas's theory of communicative action viewed through Slavoj Zizek's theory of ideology. Far from assuming their theories are incommensurable, the book argues that it is worth observing Zizek's theoretical endeavor as a 'supplementary' overcoming of Habermas's proposal. This will eventually show that by using a fictional notion of the Real taken from a Zizekian reading of Lacan, a new ideology critique, which affirms a universal truth for a political situation, becomes possible. This new model of ideology critique is applied to the political consensus reached in Chile's post-Pinochet Chile. Book jacket.

Contents:

Part I Toward a New Model of Ideology Critique

1 The Classic Debate on the Theory of Ideology 15

Marx's notion of ideology revisited 17

Three approaches of research on ideology 22

Ideology in the descriptive sense 25

Ideology in the positive sense 28

Ideology in the negative sense 31

Althusser's theory of ideology revisited 37

Summary 40

2 The Contemporary Debate on the Theory of Ideology 41

The 'Archimedean true point' problem 43

Freeden's methodological approach to ideology 46

Laclau's non-essentialist notion of ideology 55

Summary 66

3 A Universal Notion of Truth: Habermas avec Zizek 67

Habermas's inter-subjective approach to the truth 68

The 'ideal versus the real world' 71

A Zizekian critique of Habermas's theory of truth 74

Cynicism and fantasy in Zizek's theory 76

A critique of Habermas's constitutional patriotism 81

Toward a universal notion of truth 84

The fictional 'Real' as a universal truth 85

Summary 90

4 The Methodological Framework of the Case Study 92

First phase: the socio-historical analysis 93

Second phase: formal or discursive analysis 94

Third phase: a symptomatic (re)interpretation 95

Research design of the case study 95

Conceptual framework 96

Justification of the case study 97

Definitions and assumptions 99

Empirical research question (ERQ) 99

Discourse 100

Consensus 100

Recognition of success 101

The political economy model 101

Post-Pinochet Chile (1990-2006) 102

Chilean political elites 102

Discursive strategies 103

Class struggle 103

The (operative) discourse of class struggle 105

Class struggle as the fictional Real 106

The denial of class struggle 108

The denial of the fictional Real 109

Summary 110

Part II Post-Pinochet Chile: A Case Study

5 The Transformation of Power in Pinochet's Era 113

The power structure in Chile pre-Pinochet 113

The power structure in Allende's government 114

First phase: the great transformation (1973-81) 119

The changes in the productive structure 120

The formation of new economic groups 123

The transformation of social classes 124

The second phase: the crisis and the recovery 130

The deepening of the productive structure 130

The reshaping of power within the economic groups 135

The legacy of Pinochet's regime 140

Summary 152

6 The Discourse of Class Struggle 153

The discourse of class struggle in Chile pre-1973 153

The socialists: the 'most revolutionary' party 157

The communists: a conservative proletarian party 159

The dilemma of the Christian Democrat Party 163

The radicalization of the oligarchical parties 167

The military coup and the renovation of politics 171

The socialist renovation 173

The 'isolationism' of communists 182

The 'pragmatization' of the Center 190

The emergence of a neo-liberal Right 196

Summary 204

7 The Ideological Discourse in Post-Pinochet Chile 206

Traumas and fantasies of ChPEs 208

The 'two fears' of ChPEs 210

One or two models? 220

Income inequality in a 'successful' economy? 226

The strategy of naturalization/eternalization 229

From the 'two souls' to the 'test of governance' 232

Quality of education ergo income equality? 236

Conclusion 242

What about class struggle? 243

The denial of the Real: toward a new ideology 247

Summary 249.

ISBN:

1137329661

9781137329660

OCLC:

834978661