Angiogenesis / Thomas H. Adair, Jean-Pierre Montani.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Adair, Thomas H.

Contributor:

Montani, Jean-Pierre, 1951-

Series:

Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology ; #10.

Integrated systems physiology: from molecule to function to disease ; #10

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Neovascularization.

Physical Description:

x, 71 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.

Place of Publication:

[San Rafael, Calif.] : Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences, [2011]

Summary:

"Angiogenesis is the growth of blood vessels from the existing vasculature. The field of angiogenesis has grown enormously in the past 30 years, with only 40 papers published in 1980 and nearly 6000 in 2010. Why has there been this explosive growth in angiogenesis research? Angiogenic therapies provide a potential to conquer cancer, heart diseases, and more than 70 of life's most threatening medical conditions. The lives of at least 1 billion people worldwide could be improved with angiogenic therapy, according to the Angiogenesis Foundation. In this little book, we provide a simple approach to understand the essential elements of the angiogenic process, we critique the most powerful angiogenesis assays that are used to discover proangiogenic and antiangiogenic substances, and we provide an in-depth physiological perspective on how angiogenesis is regulated in normal, healthy tissues of the human body. All tissues of the body require a continuous supply of oxygen to burn metabolic substrates that are needed for energy. Oxygen is conducted to these tissues by blood capillaries: more capillaries can improve tissue oxygenation and thus enhance energy production; fewer capillaries can lead to hypoxia and even anoxia in the tissues. This means that angiogenic therapies designed to control the growth and regression of blood capillaries can be used to improve the survival of poorly perfused tissues that are essential to the body (heart, brain, skeletal muscle, etc.) and to rid the body of unwanted tissues (tumors)."--P. [4] of cover.

Contents:

1. Overview of angiogenesis

History

Origin of blood vessels

The angiogenic process

Types of angiogenesis

Sprouting angiogenesis

Intussusceptive angiogenesis

2. Angiogenesis assays

In vitro assays

Endothelial cells are heterogeneous

In vitro conditions rarely reflect in vivo environment

Endothelial cell proliferation assays

Endothelial cell migration assays

Endothelial tube formation assays

Rat and mouse aortic ring assay

In vivo assays

Corneal angiogenesis assay

Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay

Matrigel plug assay

3. Regulation: metabolic factors

Capillary growth is proportional to metabolic activity

Increasing metabolic activity stimulates blood vessel growth

Decreasing metabolic activity causes vascular regression

Long-term increases in blood pressure lead to vascular rarefaction

Oxygen is a master signal in growth regulation of the vascular system

Increases in muscular activity cause decreases in muscle oxygenation

Oxygen regulates angiogenic growth factor production

VEGF-A released from hypoxic tissues is a key regulator of angiogenesis

Negative feedback regulation of VEGF-A

Oxygen plays a central role in feedback regulation of vascular growth and regression

Role of adenosine in metabolic regulation of vascular growth

4. Regulation: mechanical factors

Control of blood vessel growth

Epithelial sodium channel protein biology

Epithelial sodium channels can form a mechanosensory complex

Epithelial sodium channels can mediate mechanotransduction in mammals

Do epithelial sodium channels mediate angiogenesis

Physical forces acting on the walls of blood vessels

Shear stress is sensed by the endothelium

Increased blood flow (shear stress) can stimulate angiogenesis

Possible role of endothelial cell shape in regulating blood vessel growth and regression

Mechanical factors have an accessory role in angiogenesis

Control of lymphangiogenesis

Flow-guided lymphangiogenesis

High salt load stimulates lymphangiogenesis in skin.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (47-70).

ISBN:

9781615043309

1615043306

OCLC:

688843145