The United States and China since World War II : a brief history / Chi Wang.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Wang, Chi, 1932-2024.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

United States--Foreign relations--China.

United States.

International relations.

China.

China--Foreign relations--United States.

Physical Description:

xii, 218 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Armonk, New York : M.E. Sharpe, [2013]

Summary:

This book offers a lucid survey of the complicated history of U.S.-Chinese relations. After two brief chapters of historical background, the focus shifts to the mid-twentieth century, the wartime alliance, the bitter aftermath of China's civil war, and the path from normalization of relations to the present day. The author traces the ways in which the two countries have managed the blend of common and competitive interests in their economic and strategic relationships; the shifting political base for Sino-American relations within each country; the emergence and dissolution of rival political coalitions supporting and opposing the relationship; the evolution of each society's perceptions of the other; and ongoing differences regarding controversial topics like Taiwan and human rights. The author's early years in China, American education, and long career as a China expert and an advisor on U.S.-China relations and cultural affairs, have afforded him unique opportunities to observe and participate in the development of this important relationship. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Historical Background 3

From Ancient China to the Early Twentieth Century 3

Chinese Sovereignty Undermined 5

The End of Imperial Rule 5

Internal and External Unrest 6

Notes 7

2 The United States and China During World War II 9

America and China as Allies 9

The Cairo Conference and Tehran 9

Mao's Communists as a Nationalist Force 11

The United States Mediates Peace Talks 13

China's Interests Bargained Away at Yalta 13

The United Nations and the United States Help Reconstruct China 14

Notes 14

3 The Chinese Civil War 16

The United States Helps Chiang While the USSR Helps Mao 16

Communists Capture Popular Support 16

Marshall Sent as Envoy 17

Failure of the Marshall Mission 21

The United States Ends Mediation 22

The Communists Win the War 23

The United States Issues a White Paper 24

Controversy in the United States over the KMT's Defeat 25

The Chinese Communists and the United States Have a Falling Out 25

Notes 27

4 The United States and China in Conflict 30

The U.S. Defense Commitment Excludes Taiwan 30

"Loss" of China Fuels Paranoia in the United States 31

The USSR and the People's Republic of China Form Close Ties 33

North Korea Invades South Korea 33

China Enters the Korean War 36

The End of the Korean War 38

Taiwan Protected from Invasion 39

The United States Embargoes the People's Republic of China 39

Eisenhower Deneutralizes the Taiwan Strait 40

Conflict Spreads to Vietnam 41

The United States and Taiwan Sign a Mutual Defense Treaty 42

The President Is Authorized to Protect Taiwan 44

The First Quemoy Crisis 44

Ambassador-Level Contacts 45

Notes 46

5 China Policy During the Cold War 50

Geneva Talks End 50

The Second Quemoy Crisis 50

China Crushes Tibet Uprising 53

A Call for Policy Change 54

The Sino-Soviet Split 54

South Vietnam as the Key "Domino" 56

Kennedy Hints at New China Policy 57

Hilsman and Fulbright Suggest Change Possible 58

Johnson Escalates U.S. Involvement in Vietnam 59

Events Portend Change 61

Attempts to Protect the U.S.-Taiwan Relationship 63

The Cultural Revolution Weakens China 64

Notes 65

6 A Dialogue Reestablished 68

Nixon Scales Back U.S. Commitments 68

China and the USSR Fight Border Battles 69

Sino-American Thaw Sets In 72

The Tide of Change Becomes Unstoppable 73

Ping-Pong Diplomacy 75

Strong Motives for New Attitudes 76

Nixon Sends Kissinger to China 77

Notes 80

7 Nixon and Mao 83

Nixon Prepares for Visit 83

The Shanghai Communiqué 85

Opposition to New Ties 88

U.S.-China Relationship Deepens 89

Full Diplomatic Ties Still Elusive 90

Ford Delays Full Normalization 92

The Deaths of Zhou and Mao 93

Notes 94

8 Deng Xiaoping and U.S.-China Relations 97

Deng Xiaoping Takes Over as Leader 97

The Issue of Taiwan Remains Divisive 97

Brzezinski and Vance Clash 99

Review Recommends Normalization 100

Conflict over the U.S. Presence in Taiwan Resolved 100

Taiwan Arms Issue Causes Conflict 101

China's Reforms Pave the Way for Normalization 103

Normalization Finally Occurs 104

Deng Visits the United States 105

Congress Passes the Taiwan Relations Act 107

Democracy Wall in China Ignored by United States 107

U.S.-China Military Relationship Begins 108

Notes 109

9 U.S.-China Relations Flourish Under Reagan 113

The Chinese Regard Reagan with Suspicion 113

Reagan Sells Lethal Arms to China 115

China Pressures the United States on Arms to Taiwan 116

Limitations on U.S. Amis to China 118

The Road to the Third Joint Communiqué 119

Sino-Soviet Rapprochement Begins 121

Reagan Visits Beijing 123

Social Protest Breaks Out in China 124

Proliferation Issues 124

Trade and Strategic Cooperation Continue 125

Controversy During China Trip 127

Notes 127

10 George H.W. Bush Responds to Tiananmen 131

Massive Student Protests in Tiananmen Square 131

Chinese Government Uses Army to Quash Protests 133

President Bush Preserves the Relationship 134

Scowcroft and Eagleburger Make Secret Trip to China 137

Bush Waives and Restricts Sanctions 138

High-Level Visits Continue 138

MFN Linkage Campaign Begins 140

Missile Exports Prompt New Sanctions 141

F-16s Disrupt Improvement of Relations 141

Bush Sends Emissaries to China and Taiwan 143

Notes 144

11 Bill Clinton and Jiang Zemin 148

Human Rights Conditions 148

Weapons Proliferation Proves Contentious 149

Jiang Zemin Visits Seattle 151

The United States Makes Further Gestures 151

MFN: Countdown to a Decision 152

The United States Lifts Sanctions 154

Taiwan's American Coup 155

China Responds to Lee 156

Clinton Engages China 158

Scandal Does Not Alter China Policy 159

Jiang Zemin Visits Washington 160

Three No's Declared as Engagement Continues 160

Clinton Visits Beijing 162

Difficulties Continue 163

Notes 164

12 George W. Bush and Hu Jintao 169

The New President and His Advisors 169

Decision on Taiwan Arms Sales 171

Controversy Erupts 171

Bush Ends Strategic Ambiguity 172

The U.S.-China Relationship Worsens 172

Jiang Convenes Summit in Beijing 173

U.S.-China Thaw Begins 173

Bush Visits China, Meets with Jiang 175

Bush Returns to China 176

Hu Visits the United States 176

Hu Takes the Reins of the Chinese Communist Party 177

Powell Visits China 178

The Invasion of Iraq 178

Six-Party Talks over North Korea 178

Bush and Hu Meet in Bangkok 180

Taiwan Holds Elections 181

U.S.-China Exchanges Continue 181

Bush Wins Reelection, Shakes Up Cabinet 182

Secretary of State Rice Makes Two Trips to China 182

Bush Travels to China 184

Hu Jintao Visits the United States 184

Controversy Mars U.S. Visit 185

Notes 186

13 Sino-U.S. Relations and China's Olympics Year 190

Chinese Military Development 190

Progress in the Six-Party Talks 190

Turmoil in Tibet 191

The KMT Returns to Power in Taiwan 193

Potential for a Cross-Strait Thaw 193

Earthquake Devastates China's Sichuan Province 194

One World One Dream 195

Notes 196

14 The Obama Administration and China 198

China as a "Responsible Stakeholder" 198

The United States Engages China 198

China's Growing Assertiveness and Challenges to America's Global Role 200

Notes 203

15 Conclusion 205.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9780765629890

0765629895

9780765629906

0765629909

OCLC:

825049113