Secondary education in Ethiopia : supporting growth and transformation / Rajendra Dhoj Joshi and Adriaan Verspoor.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Joshi, R. D. (Rajendra Dhoj)

Contributor:

Verspoor, Adriaan, 1942-

Series:

World Bank study

A World Bank study

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Education, Secondary--Ethiopia.

Education, Secondary.

Ethiopia.

Physical Description:

xxxii, 226 pages : illustrations ; 26 cm.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : World Bank, [2013]

Summary:

Secondary Education in Ethiopia is part of the World Bank Studies series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to stimulate public discussion.

Becoming a middle-income economy is an explicit development goal of many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This book assesses the implications of that goal for secondary education in Ethiopia. It shows that a rapid expansion of secondary education will be needed to support the country's transition from a low-income economy, with substantial subsistence agriculture, to a lower-middle-income economy, with an increased share of commercial agriculture, as well as growing industrial and service sectors. As Ethiopia moves toward this goal, the demand for a labor force with skills beyond basic literacy and numeracy will increase, which, in turn, will fuel demand for secondary education. The implications of this demand are significant, as the profile of entrants into secondary education will change from students aspiring to higher education to students with a much more diverse range of goals and abilities. At present, the existing secondary curriculum is primarily designed to prepare students for university studies; if it is retained, it could fail not only students, but also the country's goals for middle-income status. A flexible curriculum that serves the needs of all students and helps them develop the higher-level skills demanded by today's employers is critically important.

This massive expansion of secondary education will require significant additional resources. The book argues that education finance reforms aimed at using existing resources more efficiently and mobilizing more nongovernment resources will be indispensable. Specifically, it advocates launching education finance reforms within a broad framework that, among other components, includes governance reforms that implement school-based management, changes in teacher preparation and development, and improved student examinations. Finally, this book emphasizes that the success of secondary education will, to a large extent, depend on the achievements of primary education, particularly in light of low primary learning outcomes and the unfinished agenda of universal primary education.

This may be the first book to specifically address how secondary education should be reformed to help countries transition from low- to middle-income economies. Regardless, it is intended to help initiate deliberations on this important topic. The primary audience for the book includes policy makers, academics, development practitioners, the education bureaucracy, and teachers.

World Bank Studies are available individually or on standing order. This World Bank Studies series is also available online through the World Bank e-library (www.worldbank.org/elibrary). Book jacket.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Macroeconornic Context and Human Capital Challenges 1

Recent Economic Performance 1

The New Growth and Transformation Plan 3

Human Capital Implications 6

Contribution of Education to Economic Growth 16

Conclusion 18

Notes 18

References 19

Chapter 2 Education in Ethiopia: Achievements and Challenges 23

Modern Education in the Twentieth Century 23

Education Development Since 1991 25

Implementing the 1994 Education and Training Policy 26

Trends in Education Expenditure 28

Challenges: Access 29

Challenges: Quality and Learning Achievement 34

Conclusion 37

Notes 38

References 39

Chapter 3 The Place of Secondary Education in an Economic Transformation Strategy 41

Evolving Skill Profile 42

Enrollment Profile of Middle-Income Countries 44

The Importance of Mathematics and the Sciences 46

Vocational Training: Middle-Income Country Profile 48

Education for Growth and Transformation 49

Priorities for Educational Development in Ethiopia 51

Conclusion 54

Notes 55

References 56

Chapter 4 Curriculum: Quality and Relevance 59

Current Curriculum 60

International Trends in Curriculum Reform 68

Priorities of Ethiopian Curriculum Reform 72

Conclusion 85

Notes 88

References 89

Chapter 5 Teacher Preparation and Development 91

The Teacher Training System 91

Teacher Demand and Supply 93

Improving Teacher Effectiveness 97

Teacher Management 104

Conclusion 111

Notes 113

References 114

Chapter 6 Strengthening Governance and Management 117

School-Based Management: International Experience and Approaches 119

Decentralization in Ethiopia 123

Strengthening School-Based Management 130

Capacity Building for School-Based Management 134

Implications of School-Based Management for the Secondary Education System 138

Conclusion 140

Notes 141

References 142

Chapter 7 Diversifying the Provision of Secondary Education 145

Nongovernmental Schooling in Ethiopia 146

Expanding Nongovernmental Provision of Secondary Education 149

Toward Public-Private Partnerships 154

Conclusion 158

Notes 158

References 158

Chapter 8 Financing the Development of Secondary Education 161

Cost Per Student: Benchmarks 162

Fiscal Envelope for the Education Sector 164

Updated ESDP IV Simulation Model 166

Reducing the Financing Gap 171

Alternative Scenarios for Secondary Education Financing 173

Implementing Reforms 177

Conclusion 180

Note 182

References 182

Chapter 9 Conclusion: Priorities for Policy Reform and Action 183

Implement Curriculum Reform 184

Ensure Sustainable Financing 185

Strengthen Governance and Management 186

Expand Access 188

Promote Equity 189

Improve Quality 192

Implementation and Phasing of Reforms 195

Note 197

References 197.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9780821397275

0821397273

9780821397305

0821397303

OCLC:

808418085