Green polymerization methods : renewable starting materials, catalysis and waste reduction / edited by Robert T. Mathers and Michael A.R. Meier.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Mathers, Robert T.

Meier, Michael A. R.

Wiley InterScience (Online service)

Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Polymerization--Environmental aspects.

Polymerization.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xv, 363 pages) : illustrations (some color)

Place of Publication:

Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlag ; Chichester : John Wiley [distributor], [2011]

System Details:

text file

Summary:

Chemists specializing in polymers explain how they, and future chemists, can ply their trade with less damage to the environment and less depletion of finite resources. They cover integrating renewable starting materials, sustainable reaction conditions, catalytic processes, and biomimetic methods and biocatalysis. Among the topics are plant oils as renewable feedstock for polymer science, mono-terpenes as polymerization solvents and monomers in polymer chemistry, synthesizing saccharide-derived functional polymers, and high-performance polymers from phenolic biomonomers. Annotation ©2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Contents:

Machine generated contents note: pt. I Introduction

1.Why are Green Polymerization Methods Relevant to Society, Industry, and Academics? / Michael A. R. Meier

1.1.Status and Outlook for Environmentally Benign Processes

1.2.Importance of Catalysis

1.3.Brief Summaries of Contributions

References

pt. II Integration of Renewable Starting Materials

2.Plant Oils as Renewable Feedstock for Polymer Science / Michael A. R. Meier

2.1.Introduction

2.2.Cross-Linked Materials

2.3.Non-Cross-Linked Polymers

2.3.1.Monomer Synthesis

2.3.2.Polymer Synthesis

2.4.Conclusion

3.Furans as Offsprings of Sugars and Polysaccharides and Progenitors of an Emblematic Family of Polymer Siblings / Alessandro Gandini

3.1.Introduction

3.2.First Generation Furans and their Conversion into Monomers

3.2.1.Furfural and Derivatives

3.2.2.Monomers from Furfural

3.2.3.Hydroxymethylfurfural

3.3.Polymers from Furfuryl Alcohol

3.4.Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers

3.5.Polyesters

3.6.Polyamides

3.7.Polyurethanes

3.8.Furyl Oxirane

3.9.Application of the Diels-Alder Reaction to Furan Polymers

3.9.1.Linear Polymerizations

3.9.2.Non-linear Polymerizations

3.9.3.Reversible Polymer Cross-linking

3.9.4.Miscellaneous Systems

3.10.Conclusions

4.Selective Conversion of Glycerol into Functional Monomers via Catalytic Processes / Joel Barrault

4.1.Introduction

4.2.Conversion of Glycerol into Glycerol Carbonate

4.3.Conversion of Glycerol into Acrolein/Acrylic Acid

4.4.Conversion of Glycerol into Glycidol

4.5.Oxidation of Glycerol to Functional Carboxylic Acid

4.5.1.Catalytic Oxidation of Glycerol to Glyceric Acid

4.5.2.Oxidative-Assisted Polymerization of Glycerol

4.5.2.1.Cationic Polymerization

4.5.2.2.Anionic Polymerization

4.6.Conversion of Glycerol into Acrylonitrile

4.7.Selective Conversion of Glycerol into Propylene Glycol

4.7.1.Conversion of Glycerol into Propylene Glycol

4.7.1.1.Reaction in the liquid Phase

4.7.1.2.Reaction in the Gas Phase

4.7.2.Conversion of Glycerol into 1,3-Propanediol

4.8.Selective Coupling of Glycerol with Functional Monomers

4.9.Conclusion

pt. III Sustainable Reaction Conditions

5.Monoterpenes as Polymerization Solvents and Monomers in Polymer Chemistry / Stewart P. Lewis

5.1.Introduction

5.2.Monoterpenes as Monomers

5.2.1.Terpenic Resins Overview

5.2.2.Concepts of Cationic Olefin Polymerization

5.2.3.Cationic Polymerization of β-Pinene

5.2.4.Cationic Polymerization of Dipentene

5.2.5.Cationic Polymerization of α-Pinene

5.2.6.Characteristics of Terpenic Resins

5.2.7.Applications of Terpenic Resins

5.2.8.Commercial Production and Markets of Terpenic Resins

5.2.9.Environmental Aspects of Terpenic Resin Production

5.3.Monoterpenes as Solvents and Chain Transfer Agents

5.3.1.Possibilities for Replacing Petroleum Solvents

5.3.2.Ring-Opening Polymerizations in Monoterpenes

5.3.3.Metallocene Polymerizations in Monoterpenes

5.4.Conclusion

Acknowledgments

6.Controlled and Living Polymerization in Water: Modern Methods and Application to Bio-Synthetic Hybrid Materials / Todd Emrick

6.1.Introduction

6.2.Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

6.2.1.Water Soluble ROMP Catalysts

6.3.Living Free Radical Methods for Bio-Synthetic Hybrid Materials

7.Towards Sustainable Solution Polymerization: Biodiesel as a Polymerization Solvent / Somaieh Salehpour

7.1.Introduction

7.2.Solution Polymerization and Green Solvents

7.3.Biodiesel as a Polymerization Solvent

7.4.Experimental Section

7.4.1.Materials

7.4.2.Polymerization

7.4.3.Characterization

7.5.Effect of FAME Solvent on Polymerization Kinetics

7.5.1.Chain Transfer to Solvent Constant

7.5.2.Rate Constant

7.6.Effect of Biodiesel Feedstock

7.6.1.Polymerization Kinetics

7.6.2.Polymer Composition

7.7.Conclusion

pt. IV Catalytic Processes

8.Ring-Opening Polymerization of Renewable Six-Membered Cyclic Carbonates. Monomer Synthesis and Catalysis / Stephanie J. Wilson

8.1.Introduction

8.2.Preparation of 1,3-Propanediol from Renewable Resources

8.3.Preparation of Dimethylcarbonate from Renewable Resources

8.4.Synthesis of Trimethylene Carbonate

8.5.Six-Membered Cyclic Carbonates: Thermodynamic Properties of Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.6.Catalytic Processes Using Green Catalysts Methods

8.6.1.Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.6.2.Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.6.3.Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.6.4.Coordination-Insertion Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.6.4.1.Groups 13- and 14 Based Catalysts

8.6.4.2.Groups 4-12 Based Catalysts

8.6.4.3.Lanthanide-Based Catalysts

8.6.4.4.Groups 1 and 2 Based Catalysts

8.6.5.Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization

8.7.Thermoplastic Elastomers and their Biodegradation Processes

8.8.Concluding Remarks

9.Poly(lactide)s as Robust Renewable Materials / Andrew P. Dove

9.1.Introduction

9.1.1.The Lactide Cycle

9.2.Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide

9.2.1.Coordination-Insertion Polymerization

9.2.2.Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization

9.3.Poly(lactide) Properties

9.3.1.PLA Properties and Processing Effects

9.3.2.Polymer Blends

9.3.2.1.Poly(Lactide)/Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Blends

9.3.2.2.Other Biodegradable/Renewable Polyesters

9.4.Thermoplastic Elastomers

9.5.Future Developments/Outlook

10.Synthesis of Saccharide-Derived Functional Polymers / Joachim Thiem

10.1.Introduction

10.2.Polyethers

10.3.Polyamides

10.4.Polyurethanes and Polyureas

10.5.Glycosilicones

11.Degradable and Biodegradable Polymers by Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization: From Synthesis to Application / Nicolay V. Tsarevsky

11.1.Introduction

11.2.(Bio)degradable Polymers by CRP

11.2.1.Linear (Bio)degradable Polymers

11.2.1.1.Polymers with a Degradable Functional Group

11.2.1.2.Polymers with a Degradable Polymeric Segment

11.2.1.3.Polymers with Multiple Cleavable Groups or Polymeric Segments

11.2.2.Degradable Star Polymers

11.2.3.Degradable Graft Polymers (Polymer Brushes)

11.2.4.Hyperbranched Degradable Polymers

11.2.5.Cross-Linked Degradable Polymers

11.3.Conclusions

Abbreviations

pt. V Biomimetic Methods and Biocatalysis

12.High-Performance Polymers from Phenolic Biomonomers / Tatsuo Kaneko

12.1.Introduction

12.2.Coumarates as Phytomonomers

12.3.LC Properties of Homopolymers

12.3.1.Syntheses and Structures

12.3.2.Solubility

12.3.3.Thermotropic Property

12.3.4.Ordered Structures

12.3.5.Cell Compatibility

12.4.LC Copolymers for Biomaterials

12.4.1.Lithocholic Acid as Co-monomer

12.4.2.Cholic Acid as Co-monomer

12.5.LC Copolymers for Photofunctional Polymers

12.5.1.Syntheses of P(4HCA-co-DHCA)s

12.5.2.Phototunable Hydrolyzes

12.5.3.Photoreaction of Nanoparticles

12.6.LC Copolymers for High Heat-Resistant Polymers

12.6.1.P(4HCA-co-DHCA) Bioplastics

12.6.2.Biohybrids

12.7.Conclusion

13.Enzymatic Polymer Synthesis in Green Chemistry / Inge van Tier Meulen

13.1.Introduction

13.2.Polymers

13.2.1.Polycondensates

13.2.1.1.Polyesters by Ring-Opening Polymerization

13.2.1.2.Polyesters by Condensation Polymerization

13.2.2.Polyphenols

13.2.3.Vinyl Polymers

13.2.4.Polyanilines

13.3.Green Media for Enzymatic Polymerization

13.3.1.Ionic Liquids

13.3.2.Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

13.4.Conclusions and Outlook

14.Green Cationic Polymerizations and Polymer Functionalization for Biotechnology / Mustafa Y. Sen

14.1.Introduction

14.2.Enzyme Catalysis

14.2.1.Lipases

14.2.2.Candida antarctica Lipase B

14.2.3.CALB-Catalyzed Transesterification Reactions

14.3."Green" Cationic Polymerizations and Polymer Functionalization Using Lipases

14.3.1.Ring-Opening Polymerization

14.3.2.Enzyme-Catalyzed Polymer Functionalization

14.4.Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

the Ultimate Green Cationic Polymerization

14.4.1.Anatomy of the NR Latex, and Structure of Natural Rubber

14.4.1.1.Structure of Natural Rubber

14.4.2.Biochemical Pathway of NR Biosynthesis

14.4.2.1.Monomer

14.4.2.2.Initiators

14.4.2.3.Catalyst: Rubber Transferase

14.4.3.Chemical Mechanism of Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

14.4.4.In vitro NR Biosynthesis

14.5.Green Synthetic Cationic Polymerization and Copolymerization of Isoprene.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Electronic reproduction. Hoboken, N.J. Available via World Wide Web.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Alumni and Friends Memorial Book Fund.

Other Format:

Print version: Green polymerization methods.

ISBN:

3527636188

9783527636181

Publisher Number:

99949553139

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.