Ethics in science : ethical misconduct in scientific research / John D'Angelo.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

D'Angelo, John.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Research--Moral and ethical aspects--Case studies.

Research.

Fraud in science--Case studies.

Fraud in science.

Research--Moral and ethical aspects.

Genre:

Case studies.

Physical Description:

xvii, 112 pages ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Boca Raton, FL : Taylor & Francis, [2012]

Summary:

"Providing the tools necessary for a robust debate, this book explains various forms of scientific misconduct and describes real ethical controversies that have occurred in science. The first part of the book includes a description of a variety of ethical violations, why they occur, how they are handled, and what can be done to prevent them along with a discussion of the peer-review process. The second part of the book presents real-life case studies that review the known facts and allows readers to decide for themselves whether an ethical violation has occurred and what should be done"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Irresponsible conduct in research: What is it, why does it happen, and how do we identify it when it happens? 1

What constitutes scientific misconduct? 2

Intentional negligence in acknowledgment of previous work 3

What is it? 3

Why does it happen? 4

How is it caught? 4

Deliberate fabrication of data you have collected 5

What is it? 5

Why does it happen? 6

How is it caught? 6

Deliberate omission of known data that does not agree with hypotheses 7

What is it? 7

Why does it happen? 8

How is it caught? 8

Passing another researcher's data as one's own 8

What is it? 8

Why does it happen? 12

How is it caught? 12

Publication of results without consent of all the researchers 13

What is it? 13

Why does it happen? 14

How is it caught? 15

Failure to acknowledge all the researchers who performed the work 16

What is it? 16

Why does it happen? 17

How is it caught? 18

Authorship and intellectual property 18

Conflict of interest issues 19

What is it? 19

Why does it happen? 21

How is it caught? 22

Repeated publication of too-similar results 23

What is it? 23

Why does it happen? 24

How is it caught? 24

Breach of confidentiality 25

What is it? 25

Why does it happen? 26

How is it caught? 27

Misrepresenting others' previous work 27

What is it? 27

Why does it happen? 28

How is it caught? 28

Bad ethics vs. bad science 28

Scenario 1 28

Scenario 2 29

New results that prove old results wrong 30

The whistle-blower's dilemma 32

Wrapping up 33

Chapter 2 What happens to those who violate responsible conduct? 35

Human and animal subjects 44

Wrapping up 45

Chapter 3 What is peer review's role in responsible conduct in research? 47

Revisiting Vlad and Frankie 49

Can peer reviewers be unethical? 50

Wrapping up 51

Chapter 4 What effect on the public does scientific misconduct have? 53

MMR and autism 53

Climategate 54

HTV vaccine 54

Animal rights groups 55

Cold fusion 55

Bernard Kettlewell 56

Electromagnetic field and high-tension power lines 56

Fracking and pollution 57

Wrapping up 57

Chapter 5 What constitutes responsible conduct from the point of view of human/animal subjects in research? 59

Wrapping up 66

Chapter 6 Can intervention or interference by the federal government result in research misconduct? 67

Wrapping up 69

Chapter 7 Can we prevent misconduct in research? 71

Intentional negligence in acknowledgment of previous work 71

Deliberate fabrication of data 72

Deliberate omission of known data that doesn't agree with hypotheses 72

Passing another researcher's data as one's own 73

Publication of results without consent of all the researchers 74

Failure to acknowledge all the researchers who performed the work 74

Conflict-of-interest issues 75

Repeated publication of too-similar results 76

Breach of confidentiality 76

Misrepresenting others' work 76

Wrapping up 76

Chapter 8 Case Studies 77

Darwin and Wallace 77

Summary 77

What happened? 77

Resolution 78

Questions to ponder 79

Sources 79

Rangaswamy Srinivasan-VISX patent dispute 79

Summary 79

The story 79

Questions to ponder 80

Sources 80

Schwartz and Mirkin 80

Summary 80

How did it start? 81

Mirkin says 81

Schwartz says 81

Mirkin responds 82

Villa-Komaroff's role 82

Resolution 82

Questions to ponder 83

Sources 83

Corey and Woodward 83

Summary 83

Corey says 84

Hoffmann says 84

L.J. Oosterhoff 85

Resolution 85

Questions to ponder 85

Sources 85

Córdova, Scripps Research Institute, and Stockholm University 86

Summary 86

What happened? 86

Resolution 88

Questions to ponder 88

Sources 88

La Clair and hexacyclinol 88

Summary 88

What happened? 89

Resolution 89

Questions to ponder 90

Sources 90

Woodward and quinine 90

Summary 90

What happened? 90

Resolution 91

Questions to ponder 92

Sources 92

DNA 92

Summary 92

What happened? 93

Resolution 95

Questions to ponder 96

Sources 96

David Baltimore and Teresa Imanishi-Kari 96

Summary 96

O'Toole's side 97

Charles Maplethorpe 98

Teresa Imanishi-Kari 99

David Baltimore 100

The public perception 100

Conclusions 101

Questions to ponder 101

Sources 101

John Fenn-Yale patent dispute 101

Summary 101

The story 101

Questions to ponder 102

Sources 102

VIOXX® 103

Summary 103

Question to ponder 103

Sources 104.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1439840865

9781439840863

OCLC:

659750604

Publisher Number:

99948565897