Integrated biomaterials in tissue engineering / edited by Murugan Ramalingam ... [and others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Ramalingam, Murugan.

Series:

Biomaterials science, engineering, and technology

Biomaterials science, engineering and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Tissue engineering.

Biomedical materials.

Physical Description:

xxii, 299 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons ; Salem, Mass. : Scrivener Pub., [2012]

Summary:

Features all the important aspects of biomaterials from fundamental principles to current technological advances at the macro, micro, and nano levels that are suitable for tissue engineering.

Integrated Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering addresses the range of tissue repair and regenerative applications for which scaffolds can be utilized and describes various protocols and techniques employed in the manufacture of tissue scaffolds. In addition, it extensively covers with illustrated examples, molecular and cellular interactions with biomaterials/scaffolds for understanding the basic mechanism involved in the cell-material interactions and other factors that govern the cell growth and differentiation for the advancement of tissue engineering. Cell patterning and drug screening and delivery are also described.

Written by experts of biomaterials and tissue engineering fields from around the world, the book will be a great asset for multidisciplinary communities as a single reference material. Therefore, Integrated Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering aims to stimulate a discussion of the future research directions in the biomaterial field toward tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

The book is intended for a wide audience including students, researchers, scientists, and industrial experts working in the fields of biomaterials, materials science and engineering, nanoscience and nanotechnology, bioengineering, biomedical sciences, and tissue engineering. Book jacket.

Contents:

1 Protocols for Biomaterial Scaffold Fabrication / Azadeh Seidi Seidi, Azadeh, Murugan Ramalingam Ramalingam, Murugan 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Scaffolding Materials 4

1.2.1 Naturally Derived Materials 4

1.2.2 Scaffolds Based on Synthetic Polymers 7

1.3 Techniques for Biomaterial Scaffolds Fabrication 7

1.3.1 Solvent Casting 8

1.3.2 Salt-leaching 8

1.3.3 Gas Foaming 11

1.3.4 Phase Separation 12

1.3.5 Electrospinning 13

1.3.6 Self-assembly 15

1.3.7 Rapid Prototyping 16

1.3.8 Membrane Lamination 18

1.3.9 Freeze Drying 18

1.4 Summary 19

Acknowledgements 20

References 20

2 Ceramic Scaffolds, Current Issues and Future Trends / Seyed-Iman Roohani-Esfahani S.I S.I, Seyed-Iman Roohani-Esfahani, Hala Zreiqat H Zreiqat, Hala, H

2.1 Introduction 25

2.2 Essential Properties and Current Problems of Ceramic Scaffolds 27

2.3 Approaches to Overcome Ceramic Scaffolds Issues for the Next Generation of Scaffolds 30

2.4 Silk - a Bioactive Material 35

2.5 Conclusions and Future Trends 35

Acknowledgements 36

References 36

3 Preparation of Porous Scaffolds from Ice Particulate Templates for Tissue Engineering / Guoping Chen Chen, Guoping, Naoki Kawazoe Kawazoe, Naoki 47

3.1 Introduction 48

3.2 Preparation of Porous Scaffolds Using Ice Particulates as Porogens 48

3.3 Preparation of Funnel-like Porous Scaffolds Using Embossed Ice Particulate Templates 51

3.3.1 Overview of Protocol 51

3.3.2 Preparation of Funnel-like Collagen Sponges 51

3.3.3 Preparation of Funnel-like Chitosan Sponges 54

3.3.4 Preparation of Funnel-like Hyaluronic Acid Sponges 55

3.3.5 Preparation of Funnel-like Collagen-glycosaminoglycan Sponges 55

3.4 Application of Funnel-like Porous Scaffolds in Three-dimensional Cell Culture 56

3.5 Application of Funnel-like Collagen Sponges in Cartilage Tissue Engineering 57

3.6 Summary 60

References 60

4 Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Using the Emulsion Freezing/Freeze-drying Technique and Characteristics of the Scaffolds / Naznin Sultana Sultana, Naznin, Min Wang Wang, Min 63

4.1 Introduction 64

4.2 Materials for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds 65

4.3 Fabrication Techniques for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds 68

4.4 Fabrication of Pure Polymer Scaffolds via Emulsion Freezing/Freeze-drying and Characteristics of the Scaffolds 70

4.5 Fabrication of Polymer Blend Scaffolds via Emulsion Freezmg/Freeze-drying and Characteristics of the Scaffolds 78

4.6 Fabrication of Nanocomposite Scaffolds via Emulsion Freezing/Freeze-drying and Characteristics of the Scaffolds 80

4.7 Surface Modification for PHBV-based Scaffolds 85

4.8 Concluding Remarks 87

Acknowledgements 87

References 88

5 Electrospun Nanofiber and Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering / Susan Liao Liao, Susan, Seeram Ramakrishna Ramakrishna, Seeram, Murugan Ramalingam Ramalingam, Murugan 91

5.1 Introduction 92

5.2 Biodegradable Materials for Tissue Engineering 93

5.3 Nanofibrous Scaffolds 97

5.3.1 Technologies to Fabricate Nanofibers 98

5.3.2 In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Nanofibrous Scaffold 103

5.4 Stem Cells: A Potential Tool for Tissue Engineering 108

5.4.1 Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration 108

5.4.2 Effect of Stem Cells on Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds 111

5.5 Prospects 113

Acknowledgement 115

References 115

6 Materials at the Interface Tissue-Implant / Antonio Peramo Peramo, Antonio 119

6.1 Introduction 120

6.2 Description of the Tissue-Implant Interface 121

6.3 Expected Function of the Materials at the Interface and their Evaluation and Selection 123

6.3.1 General Purpose Non-biological Materials 127

6.3.2 General Purpose Natural Materials and Biopolymers 128

6.3.3 Other Regenerative Biomaterials and Techniques 129

6.3.4 Future Approaches 129

6.4 Experimental Techniques for the Tissue-Implant Interface 130

6.5 Conclusion 133

References 133

7 Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration / Kalpana S. Katti Katti, Kalpana S., Avinash A. Ambre Ambre, Avinash A., Dinesh R. Katti Katti, Dinesh R. 137

7.1 Introduction 137

7.2 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 140

7.2.1 Self-renewal of MSCs 142

7.2.2 Heterogeneity of MSCs 143

7.2.3 MSCs from Different Types of Tissues 144

7.2.4 MSCs, Progenitor Cells and Precursor Cells 144

7.2.5 Differentiation Potential of MSCs 145

7.2.6 Dedifferentiation and Transdifferentiation of hMSCs 146

7.3 Understanding the Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) 147

7.3.1 Integrins and Their Role in Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) 147

7.3.2 Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Niche 149

7.3.3 Immunomodulatory Effect of MSCs 150

7.4 Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Culture 150

7.4.1 Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Isolation 151

7.4.2 Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Expansion 151

7.4.3 Media for Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation in MSCs 152

7.5 Characterization of MSCs 153

7.5.1 Microscopy Techniques 154

7.5.2 Differentiation and Cell Proliferation Assays for MSCs 155

7.6 MSCs in Bone Remodeling, Fracture Repair and Their Use in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications 156

7.7 Influence of External Stimuli on MSC Behavior 157

7.7.1 Role of Mechanical Stimulus on hMSCs 158

7.7.2 Role of Electrical Stimulus on MSCs 159

7.8 Perspectives on Future of hMSCs in Tissue Engineering 159

References 160

8 Endochondral Bone Tissue Engineering / Sanne K. Both Both, Sanne K., Fang Yang Yang, Fang, John A. Jansen Jansen, John A. 165

8.1 Introduction 165

8.2 Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells 169

8.2.1 Tissue Engineering 169

8.2.2 Stem Cells 170

8.2.3 Bone Tissue Engineering 171

8.2.4 Bone Tissue Engineering via the Endochondral Pathway 172

8.3 Scaffolds 173

8.3.1 General Requirements of Scaffolds 173

8.3.2 Scaffolds for Endochondral Tissue Engineering 175

8.3.2.1 Hydrogels 176

8.3.2.2 Synthetic Polymer Woven Structure 177

8.3.2.3 Calcium Phosphate (CaP) Ceramics 178

8.4 Summary 179

References 180

9 Principles, Applications, and Technology of Craniofacial Bone Engineering / Mona K. Marei Marei, Mona K., Mohamed A. Alkhodary Alkhodary, Mohamed A., Rania M. Elbackty Elbackty, Rania M., Samer H. Zaky Zaky, Samer H., Ahmed M. Eweida Eweida, Ahmed M., Muhammad A. Gad Gad, Muhammad A., Naglaa Abdel-Wahed Abdel-Wahed, Naglaa, Yasser M.

Kadah Kadah, Yasser M. 183

9.1 Introduction 184

9.1.1 Anatomy and Physiology of Craniofacial Bone 185

9.1.2 Functional Characteristics of Craniofacial Tissues 190

9.1.2.1 Bone Strength 190

9.1.2.2 Effect of Forces 191

9.1.2.3 Angiogenesis in Bone Physiology 192

9.1.3 Prevalence of Craniofacial Congenital Anomalies and Acquired Defects 192

9.1.3.1 Congenital Anomalies 192

9.1.3.2 Acquired Defects 193

9.2 Road Map for the Application of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration 195

9.2.1 Vascularization and Its Strategies 197

9.3 Stem Cell-based Craniofacial Bone Engineering 199

9.3.1 The Stem Cell Concept: Recreating the Local Tissue Microenvironment 200

9.3.2 Applied Stem Cell-based Craniofacial Bone Engineering 201

9.3.3 Additional Viable Stem Cell Sources for Craniofacial Bone Engineering 204

9.4 Biomaterial-based Therapy in Craniofacial Bone Engineering 206

9.4.1 Surface Biomirnetism 210

9.5 Principles of Imaging in Craniofacial Bone Regeneration 212

9.5.1 Modeling of, Preparation for, and Planning Tissue Engineering 212

9.5.2 Image Guided Design 215

9.5.3 Follow-up and Assessment 216

9.5.4 Medical Imaging Techniques for Craniofacial Bone Engineering 218

9.5.4.1 Plain X-rays 218

9.5.4.2 Computed Tomography (CT)-based Methods 218

9.5.4.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 219

9.5.4.4 Future Methods: High Frequency Ultrasound Imaging 220

9.6 Current Clinical Application and Future Direction in the Field of Craniofacial Bone Engineering 220

9.6.1 Current Treatments of Bone Defects 220

9.6.2 Modern Treatment of Bone Defects 221

9.6.3 Some Examples of Tissue Engineering Materials and Clinical Trials 223

9.7 Future Prospects 225

9.8 Economics and Marketing 225

9.9 Conclusions 226

References 226

10 Functionally-Graded Biomimetic Vascular Grafts for Enhanced Tissue Regeneration and Bio-integration / Vinoy Thomas Thomas, Vinoy, Yogesh K. Vohra Vohra, Yogesh K. 235

10.1 Introduction 236

10.2 Approaches in Vascular Tissue Engineering 237

10.3 Nanostructured Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering 239

10.3.1 Electrospinning for Producing ECM-like Fibers 241

10.3.2 Biomimetic Electrospun Vascular Scaffolds 244

10.4 Functionally-Graded Tubular Scaffolds 247

10.4.1 Graded-Tissue Design in Native Vessels 247

10.4.1.1 Biomimetic Multi-layered Tubular Scaffolds 249

10.4.1.2 Mechanical Properties of Trilayered Tubular Grafts 251

10.4.2 Biodegradation Characteristics of Trilayered Grafts 255

10.4.3 In Vitro Cell Interactions and In Vivo Performance 260

10.5 Summary and Future Outlook 266

Acknowledgements 267

List of Abbreviations Used 268

References 269

11 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Prospects for Therapeutic Angiogenesis / Ekaterina S. Lifirsu Lifirsu, Ekaterina S., Murugan Ramalingam Ramalingam, Murugan, Ziyad S. Haidar Haidar, Ziyad S. 275

11.1 Introduction 276

11.2 VEGF and Angiogenesis 276

11.3 VEGF Family 277

11.4 VEGF Therapy 279

11.5 VEGF Delivery Systems 280

11.6 Soft versus Hard Tissues 282

11.7 Concluding Remarks 287

References 290.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781118311981

1118311981

OCLC:

768793506