My Account Log in

1 option

Nitroazoles : synthesis, structure and applications / Lyudmila Larina, Valentin Lopyrev.

LIBRA QD401 .L37 2009
Loading location information...

Available from offsite location This item is stored in our repository but can be checked out.

Log in to request item
Format:
Book
Author/Creator:
Larina, Lyudmila.
Contributor:
Lopyrev, Valentin.
Series:
Topics in applied chemistry
Language:
English
Subjects (All):
Azoles.
Nitro compounds.
Pyrylium compounds.
Physical Description:
xviii, 441 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.
Place of Publication:
Dordrecht ; New York : Springer, [2009]
Summary:
Nitroazoles: Synthesis, Structure and Applications is devoted to the chemistry of nitroazoles, a series of heteroaromatic compounds. The azoles's unique biological properties have attracted increasing attention from chemists as the nitro derivatives of azoles have found wide application in various fields of industrial chemistry, agriculture, and medicine. These applications include medical products such as azomycin, metronidazole, misonidazole, tinidazole, and nitazole; ionic liquids; high energy materials; precursors for nanocompounds; universal bases in peptide nucleic acids; plant growth regulators; and synthons for organic synthesis. This work is addressed to researchers in chemistry, physics, pharmaceutics, and biochemistry, as well as engineers and physicians (especially oncologists). This book can also be used as a textbook for post-doctorate students and graduate students in chemistry, biochemistry, medical pharmacology, agricultural bioapplications, and for all who wish to get acquainted with the chemistry and structure of nitroazoles.
Contents:
Synthesis of Five-Membered Nitroazoles 1
Electrophilic Nitration of Azoles 1
Electrophilic Nitration Mechanism 2
Nitration with Nitric Acid or Sulfuric-Nitric Acid Mixture 5
Kinetics and Mechanism of Nitration of Azoles by Sulfuric-Nitric Acid Mixture 21
Nitration by Other Nitrating Agents 25
Ipso-Nitration of Azoles 32
Synthesis from Aminoazoles 35
Synthesis Based on Heterocyclization 40
Synthesis from Various Cyclic Systems 49
Other Methods of Preparation 55
Polynitroazoles 60
Conclusions 64
References 64
Synthesis of Nitrobenzazoles 81
Introduction 81
Nitration of Benzazoles 82
Indazoles 82
Benzimidazoles 84
Benzisoxazoles, Benzoxazoles, and Benzoxadiazoles 87
Benzisothiazoles, Benzothiazoles, and Benzothiadiazoles 91
Benzoselenazoles and Benzoselenodiazoles 93
Benzotriazoles 93
Synthesis of Nitrobenzazoles via Heterocyclization 95
Nitroindazoles 95
Nitrobenzimidazoles 102
Nitrobenzisoxazoles, Nitrobenzoxazoles, and Nitrobenzoxadiazoles 109
Nitrobenzisothiazoles, Nitrobenzothiazoles, and Nitrobenzothiadiazoles 120
Nitrobenzisoselenazoles, Nitrobenzoselenazoles, and Nitrobenzoselenodiazoles 130
Nitrobenzotriazoles 130
Other Methods of Synthesis 136
The Sandmeyer Reaction 136
Recyclization 137
Conclusions 140
References 141
Structure and Physical-Chemical Properties of Nitroazoles 157
Molecular and Crystalline Structure 157
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 181
Pyrazoles 182
Imidazoles 199
Isoxazoles, Oxazoles, and Oxadiazoles 206
Isothiazoles, Thiazoles, and Thiadiazoles 215
Triazoles and Tetrazoles 217
Indazoles 229
Benzimidazoles 236
Benzoxazoles, Benzisoxazoles, and Benzofurazans 245
Benzothiazoles, Benzothiadiazoles, and Benzoselenazoles 253
Benzotriazoles 256
Conclusions 262
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy 263
Polarography 280
Infrared Spectroscopy 295
Nitropyrazoles 295
Nitroimidazoles 297
Nitroisoxazoles, Nitrooxazoles, and Nitrooxadiazoles 298
Nitroisothiazoles and Nitrothiazoles 300
Nitrotriazoles 302
Nitrotetrazoles 305
Nitroindazoles 305
Nitrobenzimidazoles 307
Nitrobenzisoxazoles, Nitrobenzoxazoles, and Nitrobenzoxadiazoles 308
Nitrobenzoselenodiazoles 310
Nitrobenzothiazoles 310
UV Spectroscopy 310
Nitropyrazoles 310
Nitroimidazoles 313
Nitroisoxazoles, Nitrooxazoles, and Nitrooxadiazoles 316
Nitroisothiazoles and Nitrothiazoles 317
Nitrotriazoles 318
Nitrotetrazoles 321
Nitroindazoles 321
Nitrobenzimidazoles 322
Nitrobenzoxazoles and Nitrobenzoxadiazoles 324
Nitrobenzothiazoles and Nitrobenzothiadiazoles 327
Nitrobenzotriazoles 328
Dipole Moments 328
Mass Spectrometry 332
Nitropyrazoles 332
Nitroimidazoles 336
Nitroisoxazoles 341
Nitroisothiazoles, Nitrothiazoles, and Nitrothiadiazoles 345
Nitrotriazoles and Nitrotetrazoles 346
Nitroindazoles 350
Nitrobenzimidazoles 352
Nitrobenzisoxazoles, Nitrobenzoxazoles, and Nitrobenzoxadiazoles 357
Nitrobenzoisothiazoles, Nitrobenzothiazoles, and Nitrobenzothiadiazoles 360
Nitrobenzoselenodiazoles 360
Nitrobenzotriazoles 363
Conclusions 364
Other Physical-Chemical Properties 364
References 373
Application of Nitroazoles 407
Introduction 407
Five-Membered Nitroazoles 408
Nitrobenzazoles 423
Conclusions 423
References 424.
Notes:
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN:
0387980695
9780387980690
OCLC:
315135098

The Penn Libraries is committed to describing library materials using current, accurate, and responsible language. If you discover outdated or inaccurate language, please fill out this feedback form to report it and suggest alternative language.

Find

Home Release notes

My Account

Shelf Request an item Bookmarks Fines and fees Settings

Guides

Using the Find catalog Using Articles+ Using your account