Differentiation and articulation in tertiary education systems : a study of twelve African countries / Njuguna Ng'ethe, George Subotzky, George Afeti.

Format:

Book

Government document

Author/Creator:

Ng'ethe, Njuguna.

Contributor:

Subotzky, G. (George)

Afeti, George.

World Bank.

Series:

World Bank working paper ; no. 145.

World Bank working paper. 1726-5878 ; no. 145.

Africa Region human development series

World Bank working paper, 1726-5878 ; no. 145

Africa human development series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Education, Higher--Africa, Sub-Saharan.

Education, Higher.

Sub-Saharan Africa.

Physical Description:

xxv, 170 pages ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : World Bank, [2008]

Summary:

Differentiation and Articulation in Tertiary Education Systems is part of the World Bank Working Paper series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to stimulate public discussion.

This paper explores an area of tertiary education that is currently understudied-the extent and nature of differentiation and articulation in African tertiary education systems. The overall finding of the study is that a binary system is dominant, characterized by universities and polytechnics as distinct types of institutions. Differentiation is clearly evident in Africa, though mostly horizontal as opposed to vertical. Articulation, on the other hand, seems to be in its infancy, as some universities, in their admission requirements, do not recognize polytechnic qualifications, and mobility between similar institution types is rare. National policy, market forces, institutional reforms, industry, and regional initiatives drive differentiation. Resource constraints, isomorphism, governance and funding structures, and the absence of debate over size and shape act as inhibitors. Demand for access appears to be the only driver for articulation, while national policies, internal governance structures, and industry/labour market inhibit its growth.

Contents:

Part I Comparative Analysis and Conclusions 1

1 Higher Education Differentiation and Articulation in Context 3

Objectives of the Study 4

How the Study was Conducted 5

The Ideas and Issues 5

Framework of Analysis 16

2 Differentiation and Articulation in Sub-Saharan Africa 21

Observations from the Literature 21

Nature of Differentiation 22

3 Drivers and Inhibitors of Differentiation and Articulation 31

Drivers of Differentiation 31

Inhibitors of Differentiation 34

Drivers and Inhibitors of Articulation 36

4 Differentiation and Articulation: Policies and Practices from Other Regions 39

Historical Reference Points: United Kingdom and France 39

Chile 40

Korea 41

Singapore 42

The Bologna Process 43

5 Towards Policy Options for Improved Tertiary Education 45

Perspectives and Interpretations 45

Points for Policy Consideration 49

Topics for Future Research 51

Part II Country Case Studies 53

6 Cameroon 55

The Higher Education Sector 56

7 Ghana 61

The Higher Education Sector 63

Relationship between Universities and Polytechnics 65

8 Kenya 69

The Higher Education System 70

Differentiation between Universities and National Polytechnics 74

Articulation between/among Universities and National Polytechnics 76

Conclusions and Challenges 77

9 Malawi 81

The Higher Education System 82

Systemic Characteristics: Governance, Regulation, and Funding 85

Articulation and Interface between Universities and Polytechnics 86

Conclusions and Main Challenges 86

10 Mozambique 89

The Higher Education System 90

Systemic Characteristics 92

Articulation and Interface between the University and Polytechnic Sectors 94

Conclusion: Principal Challenges and Concerns 94

11 Nigeria 97

The Higher Education Sector 98

Relationship between Universities and Polytechnics 100

12 Rwanda 105

The Higher Education System 106

Differentiation and Articulation 107

Main Challenges and Conclusions 108

13 Senegal 109

The Higher Education Sector 110

Articulation and Mobility 112

14 South Africa 115

The Higher Education System in South Africa 116

On-going Debates around Differentiation and Articulation 122

Conclusion: Key Challenges 124

15 Tanzania 127

The Higher Education System 128

Differentiation between Universities and Polytechnic-type Institutions 130

Articulation between Similar/Different Types of Institutions 130

Main Challenges and Conclusions 130

16 Uganda 133

The Higher Education System 134

Differentiation between Universities and the Polytechnic 136

Articulation among Similar/Different Types of Institutions 137

Conclusions and Challenges 137

17 Zambia 139

The Higher Education System 140

Articulation and Interface between the University and Polytechnic Sectors 144

A Research Methodology 149

B Selected Annotated Bibliography 151

1 Dimensions of Differentiation among Types of Higher Education Institutions 17

2 Dimensions of Articulation among Types of Higher Education Institutions 18

3 Differentiation Profiles for Selected African Tertiary Systems 23

4 Classification of Tertiary Education Systems in Selected Countries 23

5 Structure of Tertiary Degrees Awarded in Anglophone and Francophone Tertiary Systems 25

6 Summary of Articulation Indicators for Selected Tertiary Education Systems 36

1.1 Distribution of Student Population by Type of Institution (1996, Headcount) 152

1 Tertiary System Differentiation in Cameroon 14

2 Weak Articulation in Ghana's Tertiary Education System 19

3 Horizontal Differentiation in Tanzania 27

4 Explicit Differentiation Policy in Mozambique 32

5 The Higher Institutes for Technology Studies in Tunisia 34

6 System Articulation in Senegal 37.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 165-170) and index.

ISBN:

9780821375464

0821375466

9780821375471

0821375474

OCLC:

216938424