Wellbeing : a cultural history of healthy living / Klaus Bergdolt ; translated by Jane Dewhurst.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bergdolt, Klaus.

Standardized Title:

Leib und Seele. English

Language:

English

German

Subjects (All):

Health behavior--History.

Health behavior.

Health promotion--History.

Health promotion.

History.

Physical Description:

ix, 366 pages ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

Cambridge ; Malden, MA : Polity, 2008.

Summary:

What is a healthy life? What is it to live well? How do our contemporary ways of thinking about health compare to the ways in which a healthy life was understood by our predecessors?

In this authoritative new book, Klaus Bergdolt offers a panoramic overview of health and healthy living from the ancient world through to the middle of the nineteenth century, when scientific medicine began to gain ascendancy. He shows that the doctrine of dietetics - an exhortation to take personal responsibility for one's health - has played an important role in the history of the West for more than two millennia. The concern to achieve a vital 'balance' was the crux of the Western 'ars vivendi'.

However, the art of healthy living has lost its traditional importance for us today, thanks largely to a change in the scientific basis of European medicine in the nineteenth century. Almost overnight, health was downgraded to something technical in character, something to be measured. Many of the simplest dietetic principles, such as seeking moderation, harmony, relaxation or regularity in the structure of one's life, have been forgotten. Notwithstanding his admiration for the achievements of modern medicine, Bergdolt argues that the decline of these ideas has been to the considerable detriment of society. He concludes that one of the key questions facing us today, at the dawn of the third millennium, is whether we can find a better balance between the achievements of scientific medicine and the wisdom afforded by centuries of reflection on the art of healthy living.

Contents:

Prologue: The Ancient Advanced Civilizations - Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia 7

1 Greece 14

The ideal of health in ancient Greece 14

The Presocratics 19

The Hippocratic corpus 24

Diocles of Carystus, a fourth-century health pedagogue 30

'Knidic' dietetics 33

Health in Plato and Aristotle 37

Dietetics in Alexandria 44

Cures and miracles, Aesculapius and Hygieia 46

Public health care and sport 53

Early Stoics and Cynics 56

2 Rome 62

People and literati: dietetics in ancient Rome 62

New doctors, new theories 73

Sport and baths 77

The sacred tales of Publius Aelius Aristides 79

The Roman Stoics: Plutarch, Seneca, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus 82

Galen 87

3 Jewish and Early Christian Traditions 94

Jewish doctrines of health 94

Christus medicus 98

Early Christian doctrines of health 103

4 Medieval Traditions in the East and West 109

Healing and health in early monasticism 109

The first German pharmacopoeia 113

Dietetics in Islam 116

Medieval doctrines of health in the West 124

Asceticism and mysticism - feasts and beauty care 131

Western and Eastern clerical scholars: Maimonides, Petrus Hispanus, Roger Bacon 137

Hildegard of Bingen 146

Saints and miracle workers 149

The power of the stars 154

5 Doctrines of Health in the Renaissance 158

Petrarch's conception of health 158

Alberti and other intellectuals around 1500 161

House books and manuals - health and literature 168

Further humanists - Platina, More, Luther 173

Philosophy of health and prophylaxis in Venice - Mercuriale, Rangone, Cornaro 179

Gabriele Zerbi and the Gerontocomia 185

Paracelsus' teachings on health 187

Herbal books 191

Dietetics in daily life 194

6 Dietetics in the Seventeenth Century 199

Cartesianism and conservative tendencies 199

Van Helmont, Sylvius and other 'iatrochemists' 208

Doctrines of health in England - the dietetics of the state 210

Health through planning - the utopias 216

The dietetics of the Enlightenment - philosophers, pedagogues, charlatans 220

7 Doctrines of Health in the Eighteenth Century 226

Medical theories of health 226

The French Enlightenment and Rousseau 233

Tissot, Triller, Mai: health education at grassroots 239

Public health care 247

8 Around 1800 251

The notion of 'Lebenskraft' (vital force) - Hufeland and Kant 251

The recurrent topic of a dietetic regime for intellectuals 255

Alternative paths to health 258

Goethe 263

Romantic medicine - Schelling, Carus, Novalis 266

9 The Nineteenth Century 274

Trends in the nineteenth century 274

Rudolf Virchow and the dietetics of reason 276

Nietzsche, Schopenhauer and the philosophical critique of positivism 280

The revolution in nutrition and alternative paths to health 283.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [327]-347) and index.

Translated from the German.

ISBN:

074562913X

9780745629131

0745629148

9780745629148

OCLC:

71284926