Airway smooth muscle in asthma and COPD : biology and pharmacology / edited by Kian Fan Chung.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Chung, K. Fan, 1951-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Respiratory muscles--Physiology.

Respiratory muscles.

Smooth muscle--Physiology.

Smooth muscle.

Respiratory muscles--Molceular aspects.

Smooth muscle--Molecular aspects.

Respiratory agents.

Respiratory organs--Diseases--Treatment.

Respiratory organs.

Respiratory therapy.

Respiratory Muscles--physiopathology.

Muscle, Smooth--physiopathology.

Respiratory organs--Diseases.

Medical Subjects:

Respiratory Muscles--physiopathology.

Muscle, Smooth--physiopathology.

Physical Description:

xiv, 312 pages, 4 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations (partly color) ; 25 cm

Other Title:

Airway smooth muscle

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, N.J. ; Chichester : John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

Summary:

Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma and COPD is the first book of its kind that focuses entirely on the airway smooth muscle as the prime abnormality in airways diseases such as asthma.

Airways diseases are significant causes of morbidity and mortality across the world, and increasing research into these diseases has developed the understanding of pathophysiological processes in airways disease, such that there is now greater hope for new and more effective treatments. At the heart of this increased understanding is the important contribution of the airway smooth muscle that not only underlies the acute and chronic airway narrowing found in these diseases, but also contributes to the inflammatory and remodelling changes of airway diseases.

Professor Chung has published extensively on the pathophysiology of airways diseases and on airway smooth muscle biology and the contributors are all researchers in their specific fields. This volume will provide understanding for specialist physicians in pulmonology and allergy, workers in biomedical and pharmaceutical research, clinical investigators in pulmonary disease and scientists, of the approaches to discovering newer effective therapies for airways diseases which will remain an important challenge for many years to come.

This book brings together under the same cover the biology and pharmacology of the airway smooth muscle in health and disease, particularly focusing on asthma and COPD, explaining: How abnormalities form the basis of many pathophysiological abnormalities of airways diseases such as asthma and COPD, Evidence for the participation of the airway smooth muscle in the inflammatory and remodelling response of the airways, Mechanisms of action of currently-available treatments on airway smooth muscle is particularly emphasized and potential targets for the treatment of airway diseases are highlighted.

Contents:

1 Biophysical basis of airway smooth muscle contraction and hyperresponsiveness in asthma / Steven S. An, Jeffrey J. Fredberg 1

1.2 Airway hyperresponsiveness 2

1.3 Classical behaviour of airway smooth muscle and the balance of static forces 6

1.4 Shortening velocity and other manifestations of muscle dynamics 8

1.5 Biophysical characterization of airway smooth muscle: bronchospasm in culture? 10

1.6 Mechanical plasticity: a nonclassical feature of airway smooth muscle 14

1.7 Recent observations 18

1.8 Future directions 20

2 Dynamics of cytoskeletal and contractile protein organization: an emerging paradigm for airway smooth muscle contraction / Wenwu Zhang, Susan J. Gunst 31

2.2 Molecular structure and organization of contractile and cytoskeletal filaments in the airway smooth muscle cell 33

2.3 Cytoskeletal dynamics and airway smooth muscle contraction 38

3 Airway smooth muscle: role in airway constrictor hyperresponsiveness / Melanie Brown, Julian Solway 53

3.1 What is airway constrictor hyperresponsiveness (AHR)? 53

3.2 Is AHR ever good? 55

3.3 Potential mechanisms leading to airflow obstruction 55

3.4 Potential abnormalities of airway smooth muscle (ASM) 60

3.5 If ASM is dysfunctional, how did it get that way? 63

4 Airway smooth muscle phenotypic and functional plasticity / Andrew J. Halayko, Reinoud Gosens, Thai Tran 71

4.2 Historical perspective: smooth muscle phenotype plasticity 72

4.3 Features of phenotype plasticity 74

4.4 Mechanisms for phenotypic plasticity 76

4.5 Functional plasticity of airway smooth muscle: role in asthma pathogenesis 80

5 Airway smooth muscle proliferation: insights into mechanisms regulating airway smooth muscle mass / Reynold A. Panettieri, Jr. 89

5.1 Increases in airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and the functional consequences 89

5.2 Growth factors, inflammatory mediators and cytokines modulate ASM proliferation 91

6 Airway smooth muscle bidirectional interactions with extracellular matrix / Jane E. Ward, Stuart J. Hirst 105

6.3 Airway extracellular matrix (ECM) in health and disease 108

6.4 Integrins 110

6.5 Airway smooth muscle (ASM) as a modulator of airway ECM 111

6.6 Airway ECM as modulator of ASM function 113

6.7 Impact of anti-asthma therapy on ASM-ECM interactions 118

7 Airway smooth muscle interaction with mast cells / Roger Marthan, Patrick Berger, Pierre-Olivier Girodet, J. Manuel Tunon-de-Lara 127

7.2 Mast cell mediators alter smooth muscle function 129

7.3 Smooth muscle cells induce mast cell chemotaxis 132

7.4 Mast cells can adhere to airway smooth muscle 134

8 Airway smooth muscle synthesis of inflammatory mediator / Alison E. John, Deborah L. Clarke, Alan J. Knox, Karl Deacon 141

8.2 Lipid mediators 142

8.3 Chemokines 146

8.4 Growth and remodelling factors 149

9 Airway smooth muscle in experimental models / Anne-Marie Lauzon, James G. Martin 159

9.2 Methods of assessment of airway smooth muscle (ASM) function 160

9.3 Potential mechanisms by which ASM properties may contribute to airway responsiveness 161

9.4 Experimental models 164

10 Altered properties of airway smooth muscle in asthma / Judith Black, Janette Burgess, Brian Oliver, Lyn Moir 181

10.2 The extracellular matrix (ECM) and the airway smooth muscle (ASM) 182

10.3 ASM and integrins 190

10.4 The ASM cell and inflammation 191

10.5 The ASM cell and infection 193

11 The airway smooth muscle in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) / Maria B. Sukkar, Kian Fan Chung 201

11.2 Definition and assessment of COPD 202

11.3 Pathological features of COPD 203

11.4 COPD mechanisms 206

12 Glucocorticoid actions on airway smooth muscle / Ian M. Adcock, Loukia Tsaprouni, Pank Bhavsar 235

12.2 Airway smooth muscle (ASM) in airways disease 236

12.3 Gene induction by glucocorticoid receptors (GR) 240

12.4 Actions of [beta subscript 2]-agonists and glucocorticoids on growth, proliferation, and migration of ASM 245

13 [beta subscript 2]-Adrenergic receptors: effects on airway smooth muscle / Malcolm Johnson 255

13.1 The [beta subscript 2]-adrenoceptor 255

13.2 [beta subscript 2]-Receptor activation 257

13.3 [beta subscript 2]-Receptor signalling pathways 257

13.4 Effects in airway smooth muscle (ASM) 258

13.5 [beta subscript 2]-Receptor desensitization 260

13.6 Influence of polymorphisms of the [beta subscript 2]-adrenoceptor in ASM 262

13.7 Non-bronchodilator effects of [beta subscript 2]-agonists in ASM 264

14 Asthma treatments: effects on the airway smooth muscle / Kian Fan Chung 277

14.2 Role and abnormalities of airway smooth muscle (ASM) in asthma and COPD 279

14.3 Treatment of asthma 283.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9780470060667

0470060662

OCLC:

193170925