The story of psychology / Morton Hunt.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hunt, Morton M., 1920-2016.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Psychology--History.

Psychology.

History.

Physical Description:

xv, 877 pages : illustrations ; 21 cm

Edition:

Second Anchor Books edition, Updated and revised edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Anchor Books, 2007.

Summary:

Socrates, Plato, Descartes, Spinoza, Mesmer, William James, Pavlov, Freud, Piaget, Erikson, and Skinner. Each of these thinkers recognized that human beings could examine, comprehend, and eventually guide or influence their own thought processes, emotions, and resulting behavior. The lives and accomplishments of these pillars of psychology, expertly assembled by Morton Hunt, are set against the times in which the subjects lived. Hunt skillfully presents dramatic and lucid accounts of the techniques and validity of centuries of psychological research, and of the methods and effectiveness of major forms of psychotherapy. Fully revised, and incorporating the dramatic developments of the last fifteen years, The Story of Psychology is a graceful and absorbing chronicle of one of the great human inquiries-the search for the true causes of our behavior.

Contents:

Prologue: Exploring the Universe Within 1

A Psychological Experiment in the Seventh Century B.C. 1

Messages from the Gods 2

The Discovery of the Mind 5

Part 1 Prescientific Psychology 9

1 The Conjecturers 11

The Glory That Was Greece 11

The Forerunners: Alcmaeon, Protagoras, Democritus, Hippocrates 13

The "Midwife of Thought": Socrates 20

The Idealist: Plato 23

The Realist: Aristotle 29

2 The Scholars 36

The Long Sleep 36

The Commentators: Theophrastus, the Hellenists, the Epicureans, the Skeptics, the Stoics 37

Roman Borrowers: Lucretius, Seneca, Epictetus, Galen, Plotinus 41

The Patrist Adapters: the Patrists, Tertullian, Saint Augustine 46

The Patrist Reconcilers: the Schoolmen, Saint Thomas Aquinas 56

The Darkness Before Dawn 62

3 The Protopsychologists 65

The Third Visitation 65

The Rationalists: Descartes, the Cartesians, Spinoza 67

The Empiricists: Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, the Empiricist-Associationist School 77

German Nativism: Leibniz, Kant 98

Part 2 Founders of a New Science 105

4 The Physicalists 107

The Magician-Healer: Mesmer 107

The Skull Reader: Gall 112

The Mechanists 118

Specific Nerve Energy: Muller 121

Just Noticeable Differences: Weber 124

Neural Physiology: von Helmholtz 126

Psychophysics: Fechner 134

5 First Among Equals: Wundt 140

As Good a Birth Date as Any 140

The Making of the First Psychologist 144

The Curious Goings-on at Konvikt 148

Wundtian Psychology 151

Sic Transit 154

6 The Psychologist Malgre Lui: William James 159

"This Is No Science" 159

Adorable Genius 160

Founding Father 165

Ideas of the Pre-eminent Psychologizer 170

Jamesian Paradoxes 181

7 Explorer of the Depths: Sigmund Freud 183

The Truth About Freud 183

The Would-Be Neuroscientist 186

The Hypnotherapist 189

The Invention of Psychoanalysis 192

Dynamic Psychology: Early Formulations 203

Success 208

Dynamic Psychology: Extensions and Revisions 216

But Is It Scientific? 225

Decline and Fall-and Revival 227

8 The Measurers 233

"Whenever You Can, Count": Francis Galton 233

Galtonian Paradoxes 247

The Mental Age Approach: Alfred Binet 251

The Testing Mania 258

The IQ Controversy 266

9 The Behaviorists 274

A New Answer to Old Questions 274

Two Discoverers of the Laws of Behaviorism: Thorndike and Pavlov 277

Mr. Behaviorism: John B. Watson 287

The Triumph of Behaviorism 296

Two Great Neobehaviorists: Hull and Skinner 301

The Impending Paradigm Shift 311

10 The Gestaltists 318

A Visual Illusion Gives Rise to a New Psychology 318

The Rediscovery of the Mind 321

The Laws of Gestalten 325

Out-of-Reach Bananas and Other Problems 331

Learning 339

Failure and Success 344

Part 3 Specialization and Synthesis 349

Introduction: The Fissioning of Psychology-and the Fusion of the Psychological Sciences 351

11 The Personality Psychologists 354

"The Secrets of the Hearts of Other Men" 354

The Fundamental Units of Personality 357

Measuring Personality 362

Making Order out of Chaos 373

Learned Personality 378

Body, Genes, and Personality 389

Late Word from the Personality Front 395

12 The Developmentalists 401

"Great Oaks from Little Acorns Grow" 401

Grand Theory and Nontheory 404

A Giant, and a Giant Theory 405

Cognitive Development 415

Maturation 427

Personality Development 434

Social Development 440

Development from A to Z 453

13 The Social Psychologists 459

No Man's Land 459

A Case of Multiple Fatherhood 465

Closed Cases: Cognitive Dissonance, the Psychology of Imprisonment, Obedience, the Bystander Effect 470

Ongoing Inquiries: Conflict Resolution, Attribution, Others 488

The Value of Social Psychology 500

14 The Perception Psychologists 505

Interesting Questions 505

Styles of Looking at Looking 513

Seeing Form 523

Seeing Movement 531

Seeing Depth 536

Two Ways of Looking at Vision 544

15 The Emotion and Motivation Psychologists 553

Fundamental Question 553

Somatic Theory 559

ANS and CNS Theory 567

Cognitive Theory 570

Patchwork Quilt 582

16 The Cognitivists 590

Revolution 590

Revolution No. 2 598

Memory 606

Language 618

Reasoning 624

Is the Mind a Computer? Is a Computer a Mind? 637

New Model 642

And the Winner Is- 648

17 The Psychotherapists 651

Growth Industry 651

Freud's Offspring: The Dynamic Psychotherapists 657

The Patient as Laboratory Animal: Behavior Therapy 667

All in the Mind: Cognitive Therapy 675

A Miscellany of Therapies 689

But Does It Really Work? 697

18 Users and Misusers of Psychology 703

Knowledge Is Power 703

Improving the Human Use of the Human Equipment 707

Improving the Fit Between Humans and Their Jobs 716

The Use and Misuse of Testing 721

Covert Persuasion: Advertising and Propaganda 728

Psychology in the Courtroom 736

Beyond the Fringe 741

19 Psychology Today 750

Portrait of a Psychologist 750

Portrait of a Science 758

Schism 763

Psychology and Politics 765

Status Report 771.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [813]-852) and index.

ISBN:

0307278077

9780307278074

OCLC:

153582645