Negotiating political conflicts / Frank R. Pfetsch.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Pfetsch, Frank R., 1936-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes.

Conflict management.

International relations.

Physical Description:

xiv, 216 pages : illustrations ; 22 cm

Place of Publication:

Basingstoke [England] ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

Summary:

Negotiations which generate solutions to conflicts without the use of violence are the only adequate means of conflict resolution in an interdependent globalized world. "Negotiating Political Conflicts" analyzes comprehensively the foundations for understanding negotiations: What is negotiation? What are the most important concepts and terms? How does negotiation relate to its object the conflict? How does the process of negotiation develop? What is the significance of cultural difference in international negotiations? What characterizes a durable solution? Empirical examples illustrate theoretical conceptions. Academics and practitioners will find this book an invaluable companion to the theory and practice of negotiation.

Contents:

1 Negotiations and the Theory of Negotiation 1

1.1 What is negotiation? 4

1.2 What characterizes negotiations? 5

1.3 The specific characteristics of international negotiations 8

1.4 The three phases of the negotiation process 10

2 Conflict as the Subject of Negotiations 16

2.1 Conflict and negotiation 16

2.2 What is a political conflict? 16

2.3 The dynamics of conflict evolution: A dynamic model of conflict 17

2.4 Negotiations in situations of crisis and war 19

2.5 The most intensive form of conflict: War 20

2.6 What kind of negotiable or non-negotiable conflicts do we face today in international politics? 21

2.6.1 Looking back: Changes in conflict behaviour 21

2.6.2 Looking ahead: Hypotheses about future conflict behaviour 26

2.7 Bringing negotiations and conflicts together 30

2.8 The KOSIMO Project 31

2.9 Conflict and conflict management: The life cycle of symmetry between means and ends 32

3 Who Negotiates with What Means? 35

3.1 The negotiator 35

3.1.1 Confrontational versus integrative negotiation 36

3.1.2 The negotiation dilemma 37

3.2 Advice to practitioners 39

4 Culture and Multilateral Negotiation 42

4.1 Negotiation style and negotiation culture 42

4.1.1 Examples taken from cases demonstrating Japanese and German negotiating styles 50

4.2 Different national cultures and styles 57

4.2.1 Three discourses on nation-building 57

4.2.2 Language groups and intellectual style 59

4.2.3 Political mobilization and protest 59

4.2.4 The democratic deficit within the EU, as perceived by the United Kingdom, Germany and France 60

4.2.5 The case of the nomination of the President of the European Central Bank 62

4.2.6 Core terms in the European discourse 63

5 The Instruments of Negotiation 67

5.1 Typologies of negotiation techniques and resources 68

5.2 Actor-related resources 69

5.2.1 Principled negotiation (Harvard Negotiation Project) 70

5.2.2 Shuttle diplomacy 71

5.2.3 Brainstorming 72

5.3 Issue-related resources 72

5.3.1 Extension or differentiation of the issues 72

5.3.2 Reconciliation of interests 73

5.3.3 Setting quotas and proportions 76

5.3.4 Exchange or package deals 77

5.3.5 The allocation of emission quotas 77

5.4 Process-related resources: strategies, tactics 77

5.4.1 Delay 77

5.4.2 Escape into generalization and ideology 78

5.4.3 Two-track setting 78

5.4.4 Reframing 79

5.4.5 Changes in perspective 79

5.4.6 The negotiation formula 81

5.4.7 The one- or two-text procedure 82

5.4.8 The shadow of the future 83

5.4.9 External conditions 83

5.4.9.1 Rules of decision-making 83

5.4.9.2 Binding and non-binding agreements 85

5.4.10 Linking instruments to power resources 86

6 The Role of Power in Negotiations 89

6.1 The three dimensions of power 91

6.2 Symmetry and asymmetry 94

6.3 The five manifestations of symmetry and asymmetry 97

6.3.1 The first manifestation: symmetry/asymmetry as power of possession 100

6.3.2 The second manifestations of symmetry/asymmetry as a process variable in the pursuit of equality 101

6.3.3 The third manifestation: Relations between ends and means 106

6.3.4 The fourth manifestation: Symmetry/asymmetry of mediation equidistance 109

6.3.5 The fifth manifestation of symmetry: Outcomes as a fair share 111

7 The Power of Powerlessness, or How Weakness Can be Transformed into Strength 115

7.1 Resources of the weaker party 115

7.2 Increasing resources through amalgamation: Coalition-building 117

7.3 The limits to negotiations 119

7.3.1 Principled negotiation: The Harvard Project approach 120

7.3.2 The discourse model 121

7.3.3 Rational choice 121

7.3.4 Inadequate means: Means and ends relationship 123

8 The Power of Institutions: Collective Negotiating in Groups 125

8.1 Effectiveness 128

8.2 Representativeness 132

8.3 Negotiating in regionally integrated institutions such as the European Union 134

9 The Power of Law: Negotiating Within the Framework of International Norms and Principles 136

9.1 The Petersberg (Germany) conference on Afghanistan 137

9.2 The US-EU trade dispute 138

10 The Mediator, the Faciliator 141

10.1 Mediation strategies 142

10.2 Who mediates? 145

10.3 Third party instruments 150

10.4 The mediators, the conciliators 153

10.5 Mediation in civic affairs 156

11 Modalities of Conflict Termination 159

11.1 Typology of conflict termination and the role of negotiation 159

11.1.1 Some historic examples 159

11.2 The quality of negotiated agreements 162

11.2.1 Non-decisions 162

11.2.2 Partial decisions 163

11.2.3 Radical resolutions 163

11.2.4 Ambiguous decisions 163

11.2.5 Majority decisions and compromise 164

11.2.6 Stable and unstable decisions 164

11.2.7 Conservative or progressive decisions 164

11.2.8 Future-oriented agreements 165

11.3 Military, territorial and political results 165

11.3.1 Territorial results 166

11.3.2 Political results 167

11.4 Formal versus informal termination 168

11.5 Conflicts in the UN Security Council 169

11.6 Historical cases 169

11.7 Unfinished wars: Short-lived results 171

12 Resolution Through Negotiation 173

12.1 The theory of 'unfinished' peace agreements 175

12.1.1 Kantian peace in the Western world 177

12.2 The six components of a durable solution 178

12.3 Justice and fairness in negotiations 184

12.4 Peace agreements forced upon the parties risk new wars; peace agreements deriving of their name bring about peace 187

13 Hypotheses About the Nature, Environment, Rules of Conflict, Third Parties, and Outcomes/Solutions 189

13.1 Hypotheses concerning the nature of conflicts 189

13.2 Hypotheses concerning the environment 190

13.3 Hypotheses concerning the issues in conflict 190

13.4 Theses on conflict management 191

13.5 The role of third parties, the mediators 191

13.6 Hypotheses concerning the resolution of conflicts 193

13.7 Hypotheses concerning outcomes 194.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 204-211) and index.

ISBN:

9780230521360

0230521363

OCLC:

73928180

Online:

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