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Egress design solutions : a guide to evacuation and crowd management planning / Jeffrey S. Tubbs, Brian J. Meacham.
LIBRA TH2274 .T83 2007
Available from offsite location
- Format:
- Book
- Author/Creator:
- Tubbs, Jeffrey S.
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Fire escapes.
- Buildings--Evacuation.
- Buildings.
- Building layout.
- Crowd control.
- Physical Description:
- xiv, 530 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm
- Place of Publication:
- Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons, [2007]
- Summary:
- Egress systems, in concert with evacuation plans and crowd management, form the fundamental basis of good life-safety design for emergency events, yet there are few complete and comprehensive reference books covering the broad nature of this subject. This book fills this gap by providing a comprehensive review of egress design and analysis, covering egress fundamentals and strategies, performance solutions, human behavior, evacuation modeling, evacuation planning, and crowd management. The authors, both recognized experts in the field, present egress concepts that are both prescriptive and performance-based, accounting for human behavior in emergency conditions as well as a range of expected hazards.
- Contents include: A review of historic and recent tragic life-loss fire events, An overview of prescriptive and performance-based U.S. building codes, Practical design solutions for a wide range of occupancies, Techniques for coordinating egress systems with other critical life safety systems.
- Contents:
- St. Lawrence University Laboratory Building 1
- Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport 4
- International Finance Center 9
- Myths and Misconceptions 13
- 1 Building Codes and Regulations 17
- History and Overview of Building and Fire Codes in the United States 17
- Model Codes 20
- Scope of Building and Fire Codes 22
- Application of Building and Fire Codes 23
- Responsibilities 25
- ICC Codes and Egress 26
- NFPA Codes 30
- Evolution to Performance-Based Codes 35
- Looking to the Future 47
- 2 Historic Events 53
- Iroquois Theater, Chicago, Illinois, 1903 54
- Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, New York, New York, 1911 58
- Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Michigan, 1913 60
- Rhythm Club, Natchez, Mississippi, 1940 62
- Cocoanut Grove Nightclub Fire, Boston, Massachusetts, 1942 63
- Ringling Brothers, Barnum & Bailey Circus Tent Fire, Hartford, Connecticut, 1944 65
- Our Lady of Angels School Fire, Chicago, Illinois, 1958 66
- Hartford Hospital Fire, Hartford, Connecticut, 1961 67
- Beverly Hills Supper Club Fire, Southgate, Kentucky, 1977 70
- The Who Concert, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1979 73
- MGM Grand Fire, Las Vegas, Nevada, 1980 74
- Dupont Plaza, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1986 76
- World Trade Center Bombing, New York, New York, 1993 79
- World Trade Center Collapse, New York, New York, 2001 80
- E2 Nightclub, Chicago, Illinois, 2003 82
- The Station Nightclub Fire, West Warwick, Rhode Island, 2003 83
- Cook County Administration Building, Chicago, Illinois, 2003 86
- Part 2 Egress System Fundamentals
- 3 Egress Strategies 93
- Egress System Goals and Objectives 93
- General Egress Strategies 95
- Designing for Occupants with Disabilities 103
- Prescribed Performance 109
- Emerging Egress Strategies 110
- Performance-Based Approaches 119
- Selecting and Evaluating Options 127
- 4 Prescriptive Egress Concepts 133
- Occupant Load 135
- Exit Access 147
- Exit Components 162
- Exit Discharge 173
- Assembly Occupancies 174
- 5 Supporting Systems 183
- Systems Approach 183
- Accessibility 185
- Security 188
- Control of Combustibles 189
- Structural Integrity 191
- Fire Rating 192
- Construction Type 193
- Fire Resistance 193
- Compartmentation 193
- Floors 194
- Walls 195
- Doors 196
- Detection Systems 197
- Occupant Notification 198
- Suppression Systems 200
- Smoke Management Systems 202
- Back-Up Power 203
- Evacuation Using Elevators 205
- Types of Elevators 207
- Part 3 Human Behavior and Performance Concepts
- 6 Human Behavior Considerations for Egress System Design 213
- People-Building-Event Interaction 213
- Occupant Characterization 218
- Occupant Reaction and Response in Emergency Situations 221
- Human Behavior and Crowds 241
- Using Occupant Risk Factors to Aid Egress System Design 253
- 7 Performance Egress Concepts 265
- Performance Egress Overview 268
- Tenability Criteria 285
- Hazards 289
- Safety Factors and Uncertainties 289
- Evacuation Time Calculation Overview 291
- Limitations with Engineering Calculations 311
- Designing for Elevator Evacuation 324
- Part 4 Evacuation Planning and Design
- 8 Evacuation Planning and Crowd Management 335
- Evacuation Planning Overview 335
- Evacuation Plan Development 337
- Typical Challenges with Evacuation Plans 347
- Roles and Responsibilities during Incidents 347
- Evacuation Drilling and Training 350
- Crowd Management Planning 355
- 9 Design Solutions 365
- Airport Terminals 365
- Air Traffic Control Towers 379
- Arenas, Stadia, and Sports Facilities 380
- Convention and Exhibit Centers 388
- Courthouses 396
- Detention and Correctional Facilities 401
- Day-Care, Adult-Care, and Assisted-Living Facilities 409
- Hazardous Occupancies 412
- Health-Care Facilities 414
- Historic and Existing Buildings 422
- Museums and Libraries 434
- Performing Arts Centers 441
- Rail Stations and Platforms 445
- Rail and Road Tunnels 455
- Retail Facilities 462
- Tall Buildings 465.
- Notes:
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- ISBN:
- 9780471719564
- 0471719560
- OCLC:
- 77256871
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