Calcium and phosphate metabolism management in chronic renal disease / edited by Chen Hsing Hsu.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Hsu, Chen Hsing, 1938-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Calcium--Metabolism.

Calcium.

Phosphates--Metabolism.

Phosphates.

Chronic renal failure.

Calcium--metabolism.

Phosphates--metabolism.

Kidney Failure, Chronic.

Medical Subjects:

Calcium--metabolism.

Phosphates--metabolism.

Kidney Failure, Chronic.

Physical Description:

xii, 185 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm

Place of Publication:

New York, NY : Springer, [2006]

Summary:

When the kidney fails its intended mission to manage the body's waste products, physicians must perform multi-level and simultaneous adjustments to replicate kidney function. The management of the body's absorption, reabsorption, utilization and excretion of calcium and phosphate requires constant fine tuning. Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism Management in Chronic Renal Disease provides an overview of the state-of-the-art clinical and basic science aspects of abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism and its management.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Historical Perspective of Calcium Management in Patients with Chronic Renal Diseases / Chen Hsing Hsu 1

II Calcium Metabolism in Normal Subjects 1

III Calcium Metabolism in Patients with CRD 4

A Calcium Absorption in CRD Patients 4

B Management of Calcium in Renal Dialysis Patients 4

C Urinary Excretion of Calcium in CRD 8

D Calcium Metabolic Problems in Renal Transplant Patients 8

E Management of Calcium Metabolism in CRD Patients 8

Chapter 2 Disorders of Phosphorous Homeostasis in CKD / Sharon M. Moe 13

II Normal Phosphorus Homeostasis 15

III Intestinal Absorption 15

IV Renal Handling 15

V Bone Remodeling 16

VI Phosphatonins 17

VII Disorders of P[subscript i] in Non-CKD Patients 18

A Hypophosphatemia 18

B Hyperphosphatemia 20

VIII Disorders of P[subscript i] In CKD Patients 22

IX Dialytic Removal of Phosphate 23

X Consequences of Hyperphosphatemia 24

Chapter 3 Pathogenesis and Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism / Krishna R. Polu, Ajay K. Singh 29

II Pathogenesis 30

A Role of Phosphate 32

B Phosphotonins 32

III Clinical Manifestations 34

A Bone Disease 35

B Calciphylaxis 36

C Vascular Calcification 37

IV Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 39

A Phosphorus Control 40

B Dietary Phosphorus Restriction 42

C Phosphorus Binders 44

D Vitamin D Therapy 51

E Calcimimetics 56

F Parathryoidectomy 58

Chapter 4 Uremic Toxins in Chronic Renal Failure / Griet Glorieux, Eva Schepers, Raymond Camille Vanholder 71

II Uremic Solute Retention 71

A General Classification of Uremic Solutes 71

B Main Uremic Retention Products 74

Chapter 5 Calcitriol Metabolism and Action in Chronic Renal Disease / Chen Hsing Hsu 105

II Effect of Calcitriol on Various Organs 107

A Effect of Calcitriol on the Nervous System 107

B Effect of Calcitriol on Cardiac Function 108

C Effect of Calcitriol on the Parathyroid Gland 108

D Effect of Calcitriol on Colon Carcinogenesis 108

E Effect of Calcitriol on Prostate Cancer 109

F Effect of Calcitriol on Pulmonary Cancer 109

G Immunoregulatory Function of Calcitriol 110

III Calcitriol Production in Chronic Renal Disease 111

A Decreased Renal Tissue 111

B Hyperphosphatemia 112

C Metabolic Acidosis 112

D Extrarenal Production of Calcitriol 112

E Uremic Toxins 113

F Purine Derivatives 113

G Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) 116

H Effect of Glucose on the Function of the Calcitriol Receptor and Vitamin D Metabolism 116

IV Metabolic Degradation of Calcitriol in Renal Failure 117

V Reduced Calcitriol Receptor Concentration in Chronic Renal Disease 118

VI Hormone-Receptor Interaction with Nuclear Chromatin Is Decreased in Chronic Renal Failure 119

VII Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Calcitriol 122

VIII Effect of Uremia on Other Members of the Steroid Hormone Receptor Superfamily 123

Chapter 6 Renal Osteodystrophy / Eric W. Young 131

II Classification of Bone Disease 131

III Clinical Manifestations 132

IV Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica 133

V Adynamic Bone Disease 135

VI Osteomalacia 136

VII Mixed Bone Disease 138

Chapter 7 Nephrolithiasis / Melissa A. Cadnapaphornchai, Pravit Cadnapaphornchai 141

II Epidemiology 141

III Pathogenesis of Nephrolithiasis 143

IV Clinical Presentation 144

V Clinical Evaluation 145

A History and examination 145

B Stone Analysis 148

C Laboratory Evaluation 148

D Radiographic Imaging 151

VI Etiology of Nephrolithiasis 152

A Calcium (Ca MW 40) 152

B Oxalate (-C[subscript 2]O[subscript 4][superscript -2], MW 88) 157

C Uric Acid (C[subscript 5]H[subscript 4]N[subscript 4]O[subscript 3], MW 168) 162

D Hyperuricosuric Calcium Nephrolithiasis (HUCN) 164

E Cystine (C[subscript 6]H[subscript 12]N[subscript 2]O[subscript 4]S[subscript 2], MW 240) 165

F Infection-Related Stones 167

G Hypocitraturia (Citrate C[subscript 6]H[subscript 5]O[subscript 7][superscript 2-], MW 189) 168

H Drug-Induced Nephrolithiasis 169

I Prognosis 170.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

038733369X

9780387333694

OCLC:

81937260