The physics of semiconductors : an introduction including devices and nanophysics / Marius Grundmann.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Grundmann, Marius.

Contributor:

Carl Hering Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Semiconductors.

Nanotechnology.

Physical Description:

xxxi unnumbered pages, 689 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Berlin : Springer, 2006.

Summary:

The Physics of Semiconductors provides material for a comprehensive upper-level-undergraduate and graduate course on the subject, guiding readers to the point where they can choose a special topic and begin supervised research. The textbook provides a balance between essential aspects of solid-state and semiconductor physics, as well as the principles of various semiconductor devices and their applications in electronic and photonic devices. It highlights many practical aspects of semiconductors including alloys, strain, heterostructures and nanostructures, that are necessary in modern semiconductor research but typically omitted in textbooks. For the interested reader some additional advanced topics, such as Bragg mirrors, resonators, polarized and magnetic semiconductors are included. Also supplied are explicit formulas for many results, to support better understanding. The Physics of Semiconductors requires little or no prior knowledge of solid-state physics and evolved from a highly regarded two-semester course at the University of Leipzig.

Contents:

1.1 Timetable 1

1.2 Nobel Prize Winners 7

2 Bonds 15

2.2 Covalent Bonds 15

2.3 Ionic Bonds 21

2.4 Mixed Bond 23

2.5 Metallic Bond 25

2.6 van-der-Waals Bond 26

2.7 Hamilton Operator of the Solid 27

3 Crystals 29

3.2 Crystal Structure 29

3.3 Lattice 30

3.4 Important Crystal Structures 40

3.5 Polytypism 48

3.6 Reciprocal Lattice 50

3.7 Alloys 54

4 Defects 63

4.2 Point Defects 63

4.3 Thermodynamics of Defects 65

4.4 Dislocations 67

4.5 Stacking Faults 71

4.6 Grain Boundaries 72

4.7 Antiphase and Inversion Domains 73

4.8 Disorder 76

5 Mechanical Properties 77

5.2 Lattice Vibrations 77

5.3 Elasticity 94

5.4 Cleaving 109

6 Band Structure 111

6.2 Bloch's Theorem 111

6.3 Free-Electron Dispersion 112

6.4 Kronig-Penney Model 114

6.5 Electrons in a Periodic Potential 116

6.6 Band Structure of Selected Semiconductors 119

6.7 Alloy Semiconductors 124

6.8 Amorphous Semiconductors 125

6.9 Systematics of Semiconductor Bandgaps 125

6.10 Temperature Dependence of the Bandgap 129

6.11 Equation of Electron Motion 131

6.12 Electron Mass 132

6.13 Holes 136

6.14 Strain Effect on the Band Structure 142

6.15 Density of States 144

7 Electronic Defect States 149

7.2 Fermi Distribution 149

7.3 Carrier Concentration 151

7.4 Intrinsic Conduction 153

7.5 Shallow Impurities, Doping 156

7.6 Quasi-Fermi Levels 174

7.7 Deep Levels 175

7.8 Hydrogen in Semiconductors 185

8 Transport 189

8.2 Conductivity 190

8.3 Low-Field Transport 191

8.4 Hall Effect 197

8.5 High-Field Transport 200

8.6 High-Frequency Transport 205

8.7 Diffusion 205

8.8 Continuity Equation 206

8.9 Heat Conduction 207

8.10 Coupled Heat and Charge Transport 209

9 Optical Properties 213

9.1 Spectral Regions and Overview 213

9.2 Reflection and Diffraction 214

9.3 Electron-Photon Interaction 216

9.4 Band-Band Transitions 219

9.5 Impurity Absorption 240

9.6 Free-Carrier Absorption 242

9.7 Lattice Absorption 245

10 Recombination 251

10.2 Band-Band Recombination 251

10.3 Free-Exciton Recombination 256

10.4 Bound-Exciton Recombination 258

10.5 Alloy Broadening 260

10.6 Phonon Replica 261

10.7 Donor-Acceptor Pair Transitions 265

10.8 Inner-Impurity Recombination 267

10.9 Auger Recombination 267

10.10 Band-Impurity Recombination 268

10.11 Field Effect 272

10.12 Multilevel Traps 273

10.13 Surface Recombination 274

10.14 Excess-Carrier Profiles 274

11 Heterostructures 277

11.2 Growth Methods 277

11.3 Material Combinations 280

11.4 Band Lineup in Heterostructures 285

11.5 Energy Levels in Heterostructures 286

11.6 Recombination in Quantum Wells 295

11.7 Isotope Superlattices 299

11.8 Wafer Bonding 300

12 External Fields 303

12.1 Electric Fields 303

12.2 Magnetic Fields 306

12.3 Quantum Hall Effect 313

13 Nanostructures 321

13.2 Quantum Wires 321

13.3 Quantum Dots 328

14 Polarized Semiconductors 345

14.2 Spontaneous Polarization 345

14.3 Ferroelectricity 346

14.4 Piezoelectricity 353

15 Magnetic Semiconductors 359

15.2 Magnetic Semiconductors 359

15.3 Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors 361

15.4 Spintronics 365

16 Organic Semiconductors 369

16.1 Materials 369

16.2 Properties 371

17 Dielectric Structures 375

17.1 Photonic-Bandgap Materials 375

17.2 Microscopic Resonators 390

18 Diodes 401

18.2 Metal-Semiconductor Contacts 402

18.3 Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Diodes 425

18.4 Bipolar Diodes 435

18.5 Applications and Special Diode Devices 457

19 Light-to-Electricity Conversion 473

19.1 Photocatalysis 473

19.2 Photoconductors 475

19.3 Photodiodes 484

19.4 Solar Cells 511

20 Electricity-to-Light Conversion 523

20.1 Radiometric and Photometric Quantities 523

20.2 Scintillators 524

20.3 Light-Emitting Diodes 531

20.4 Lasers 539

20.5 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers 575

21 Transistors 577

21.2 Bipolar Transistors 577

21.3 Field-Effect Transistors 592

21.4 JFET and MESFET 593

21.5 MOSFETs 601

21.6 Thin-Film Transistors 619

A Tensors 623

B Kramers-Kronig Relations 627

C Oscillator Strength 629

D Quantum Statistics 635

E The k - p Perturbation Theory 639

F Effective-Mass Theory 643.

Notes:

"With 587 figures, 6 in color, and 36 tables"--T.p.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Carl Hering Fund.

ISBN:

354025370X

OCLC:

70201027