The evolution of American ecology, 1890-2000 / Sharon E. Kingsland.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kingsland, Sharon E.

Contributor:

John G. Hartman Memorial Library Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Ecology--United States--History.

Ecology.

Botany--United States--History.

Botany.

History.

United States.

Physical Description:

x, 313 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, [2005]

Summary:

In the 1890s, several initiatives in American botany converged. The creation of new institutions, such as the New York Botanical Garden, coincided with radical reforms in taxonomic practice and the emergence of an experimental program of research on evolutionary problems. Sharon E. Kingsland explores how these changes gave impetus to the new field of ecology that was defined at exactly this time. She argues that the creation of institutions and research laboratories, coupled with new intellectual directions in science, were crucial to the development of ecology as a discipline in the United States.

The main concern of ecology-the relationship between organisms and environment-was central to scientific studies aimed at understanding and controlling the evolutionary process. Kingsland considers the evolutionary context in which ecology arose, especially neo-Lamarckian ideas and the new mutation theory, and explores the relationship between scientific research and broader theories about social progress and the evolution of human civilization.

By midcentury, American ecologists were leading the rapid development of ecosystem ecology. At the same time, scientists articulated a sharp critique of modern science and society in the postwar context, foreshadowing the environmental critiques of the 1960s. As the ecosystem concept evolved, so too did debates about how human ecology should be incorporated into the biological sciences. Kingsland concludes with an examination of ecology in the modern urban environment, reflecting on how scientists are now being challenged to overcome disciplinary constraints and produce innovative responses to pressing problems.

The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 offers an innovative study not only of the scientific landscape in turn-of-the-century America but of current questions in ecological science.

Contents:

Introduction : The struggle for place

Entrepreneurs of science

A botanical revolution

Big science

Science in a changing land

Visioning ecology

Science, history, and progress

A subversive science?

Defining the ecosystem

New frontiers.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the John G. Hartman Memorial Library Fund.

ISBN:

0801881714

OCLC:

56982282

Online:

Contributor biographical information

Publisher description