The laboratory primate / edited by Sonia Wolfe-Coote.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Wolfe-Coote, Sonia.

Series:

Handbook of experimental animals

The handbook of experimental animals

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Primates as laboratory animals.

Animals, Laboratory.

Primates.

Biomedical Research--methods.

Disease Models, Animal.

Medical Subjects:

Animals, Laboratory.

Primates.

Biomedical Research--methods.

Disease Models, Animal.

Physical Description:

xiii, 621 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 28 cm.

Place of Publication:

London ; San Diego : Elsevier Academic Press, [2005]

Summary:

This volume in the series, The Handbook of Experimental Animals contains the most important information available about non human primates and their current use in Biomedical Research.

The book is designed mainly for biomedical researchers and for those caring for primates in research units, breeding facilities and zoological gardens. The taxonomy, pathology, reproduction, natural history and social behaviour of primates, and their implications for housing, are covered in part 1. Part 2 presents guidelines on primate management, with special reference to ethical approaches to maintaining healthy primates in an enriched environment. Taken together, these first two sections give essential guidance to researchers, enabling them to select a suitable model species for a particular investigation. In addition, animal management personnel involved in all types of primate facilities are provided with all the information needed for the responsible care of their subjects throughout the experimental period. Part 3 covers ethical investigative techniques and procedures, of use to both researchers and primate facility staff, as well as examples of some current uses of primate models in research.

Following the series' philosophy, this book provides a full and comprehensive range of information so as to preclude or reduce the need for further literature searches. Complete and authoritative, it benefits from an international cast of expert authors.

Contents:

Part 1 Definition of the Primate Model

Chapter 1 The Taxonomy of Primates in the Laboratory Context / Colin Groves 3

Taxonomy: Organizing nature 3

What are species? The biological species concept 3

What are species? The phylogenetic species concept 5

What are subspecies? 5

How to classify species 6

Chapter 2 Similarities of Non-human Primates to Humans: Genetic Variations and Phenotypic Associations Common to Rhesus Monkeys and Humans / Gregory M. Miller, Bertha K. Madras 17

Mu-opioid receptor 19

Dopamine transporter 21

Serotonin transporter 25

Chapter 3 General Anatomy / Laurie R. Godfrey 29

Introduction: Primates as a clade 29

The musculoskeletal system 30

The dentition 34

The digestive system 36

The brain 37

Reproduction and life history variation 38

The senses 42

Chapter 4 Pathology of Noninfectious Diseases of the Laboratory Primate / Anne D. Lewis, Lois M. A. Colgin 47

Respiratory system 47

Cardiovascular system 48

Endocrine system 49

Alimentary tract 50

Urinary system 55

Reproductive system 55

Nervous system 59

Integumentary system 62

Musculoskeletal system 64

Multisystemic diseases 65

Chapter 5 Common Viral Infections of Laboratory Primates / Nicholas W. Lerche 75

Retroviruses 75

Herpesviruses 80

Parvoviruses 83

Polyomaviruses 84

Chapter 6 Modeling Parasitic Diseases in Nonhuman Primates: malaria, Chagas' Disease, and Filariasis / Mario T. Philipp, Jeanette E. Purcell 91

Nonhuman primate models of malaria 91

Nonhuman primate models of Chagas' disease 95

Nonhuman primate models of lymphatic filariasis 97

Chapter 7 Reproduction: Definition of a Primate Model of Female Fertility / Almuth Einspanier, Mauvis A. Gore 105

Fertility 107

Behavioural signs of reproductive activity 107

Endocrinology and reproduction 109

External factors influencing reproduction 110

Infertility 111

Chapter 8 Male Reproduction and Fertilization / Richard M. Harrison, H. Michael Kubisch 119

Control of male reproduction 119

Factors affecting male reproduction 122

Fertilization 125

In vitro fertilization 127

Senescence 128

Chapter 9 Primate Natural History and Social Behavior: Implications for Laboratory Housing / Corrine K. Lutz, Melinda A. Novak 133

Rhesus macaque natural history 134

Laboratory environment and abnormal behavior 136

Part 2 Primate Management

Chapter 10 Husbandry and Management of New World Species: Marmosets and Tamarins / Susanne Rensing, Ann-Kathrin Oerke 145

Animals and natural habitat 145

Husbandry and housing 146

Feeding and nutrition 147

Environmental enrichment 151

Breeding 152

Physiological data 154

Veterinary care 155

Diseases 157

Chapter 11 Management of Old World Primates / Keiji Terao 163

Housing 163

The Tsukuba experience 165

Chapter 12 Vervet Monkey Breeding / Jurgen Seier 175

Introduction: breeding biology 175

Breeding and rearing systems in captivity 175

The menstrual cycle 176

Mating, conception, pregnancy and birth 176

Chapter 13 Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases / Sherry M. Lewis, Charlotte E. Hotchkiss, Duane E. Ullrey 181

Nutrient requirements 182

Nonhuman primate diet formulations 201

Food contaminants 202

Chapter 14 Environmental Enrichment and Refinement of Handling Procedures / Viktor Reinhardt 209

Environmental enrichment 210

Training for cooperation during procedures 219

Chapter 15 Development of Specific Pathogen Free Nonhuman Primate Colonies / Keith Mansfield 229

Historical perspectives on specific pathogen free primate colonies 229

Definition of specific pathogen free status 230

SPF target viruses for macaque colonies 230

SPF target agents in non-macaque primate colonies 232

Viral testing 232

Specific pathogen free animal derivation strategies 234

Animal housing configurations 235

Veterinary care program 235

Expanded SPF programs 236

Chapter 16 Medical Care / James Mahoney 241

Animal health monitoring and surveillance 241

Management of the stable colony 242

Management of quarantine and isolation 249

Personnel health monitoring and surveillance policies 250

First aid and critical care 251

Emergency animal care 253

Chapter 17 Factors Affecting the Choice of Species / Heinz Weber 259

Factors affecting choice 260

Inter and intraspecies variations in pharmaceutical use 267

Part 3 Research Techniques and Procedures

Chapter 18 Anaesthesia / Steve Unwin 275

Section 1 Anaesthesia 275

Section 2 Drug administration and sample collection 290

Chapter 19 Rigid Endoscopy / John W. Fanton 293

Laparoscopy 294

Laparoscopic procedures 303

Thoracoscopy 313

Thoracoscopic procedures 315

Chapter 20 Ultrasound Imaging in Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and Long-tailed (Macaca fascicularis) Macaques: Reproductive and Research Applications / Alice F. Tarantal 317

Section 2 Equipment and scanning techniques 318

Section 3 Nongravid animals 319

Section 4 Gravid animals 323

Section 5 Fetal development 329

Section 6 Ultrasound-guided procedures 345

Section 7 Other ultrasound imaging applications 346

Chapter 21 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Conscious Marmoset Monkeys: Methods and Applications in Neuroscience Research / Craig F. Ferris, Charles T. Snowdon 353

What is fMRI and how does it work? 355

Problems associated with fMRI in nonhuman animals 359

Applications in neuroscience research 366

Chapter 22 Radiographic Imaging of Nonhuman Primates / Celia R. Valverde, Kari L. Christe 371

Thoracic radiograph 371

Abdominal radiograph 374

Neurologic system 382

Musculoskeletal 383

Fluoroscopy 385

Nuclear imaging 385

Chapter 23 Imaging: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) / Svetlana Chefer 387

Principles of emission computed tomography 389

Non-human primate PET scanners 394

Animal procedures for PET studies 395

Anaesthesia and immobilization 397

PET application in non-human primates 398

Imaging non-human primates versus rodents 399

Part 4 Current Uses in Biomedical Research

Chapter 24 Use of the Primate Model in Research / William R. Morton, Kelly B. Kyes, Randall C. Kyes, Daris R. Swindler, Kathryn E. Swindler 405

Primatology: An historical overview 406

Anatomy/physiology 407

Development of the primate model in research 407

Research utilization and advances 408

Welfare considerations 411

Chapter 25 Chronic Diseases / Bert A. 't Hart, Mario Losen, Herbert P.M. Brok, Marc H. De Baets 417

The rhesus monkey model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) 418

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) 422

Myasthenia gravis 430

Chapter 26 Practical Approaches to Pharmacological Studies in Nonhuman Primates / Frank H. Koegler, Michael A. Cowley 437

The nonhuman primate in pharmacological studies 437

Drug and test compound delivery 440

Behavior analysis as an aid in pharmacological research 444

Current pharmacological research in the nonhuman primate model 445

Chapter 27 Nonhuman Primate Models of Human Aging / Xenia T. Tigno, Joseph M. Erwin, Barbara C.

Hansen 449

Approach 450

Measurement of cognitive status 450

Diet and cardiovascular health 451

Primate diversity 451

Major topics of primate aging research 451

Chapter 28 Primate Models of Neurological Disease / Charles Akos Szabo 467

Amnestic syndromes 467

Parkinson's disease 472

Alzheimer's disease and amyloid angiopathy 477

Multiple sclerosis 478

Epilepsy 479

Chapter 29 Genetics: A Survey of Nonhuman Primate Genetics, Genetic Management and Applications to Biomedical Research / Jeffrey Rogers 487

The analysis of primate genomes 487

Genetic relationships among primates 491

Genetic management of primates 493

Current applications to biomedical research 495

Future directions in primate genetics 497

Chapter 30 The Respiratory System and its Use in Research / Charles G. Plopper, Jack R. Harkema 503

Nasal cavity 504

Pharynx 511

Larynx 512

Lung organization 512

Tracheobronchial airways 512

Gas exchange area 516

Overview of research uses 518

Chapter 31 Reproduction: Male / Gerhard van der Horst 527

Which non-human primate models are used/or should be used? 527

Main applications in male reproduction: models for biomedical research 529

Chapter 32 Reproduction: Female / W. Richard Dukelow 537

Historical perspective 537

Follicular growth and ovulation 538

Induced ovulation 539

Ovum and embryo recovery techniques 541

Production of precisely aged embryos 541

Contraceptive effects 543

Embryo transfer 543

In vitro fertilization 544

Other manipulative techniques and future clinical application 545

Chapter 33 The Baboon as an Appropriate Model for the Study of Multifactoral Aspects of Human Endometriosis / Jason M. Mwenda, Cleophas M. Kyama, Daniel C. Chai, Sophie Debrock, Thomas M. D'Hooghe 549

Animal models for endometriosis research 550

The role of the baboon model for study of human endometriosis 552

Chapter 34 Virology Research / Peter Barry, Marta Marthas, Nicholas Lerche, Michael B. McChesney, Christopher J. Miller 561

Acute viral diseases 562

Chronic viral diseases 564

Chapter 35 Parasitic Diseases of Nonhuman Primates / Jeanette E. Purcell, Mario T. Philipp 579

Parasitic diseases of immune-competent nonhuman primates 579

Parasitic diseases of immune-compromised nonhuman primates 584

Commonly occurring benign parasitic infections of nonhuman primates 587.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0120802619

OCLC:

60965823