Preparing for the proven inevitable : an urban operations training strategy for America's joint force / Russell W. Glenn ... [and others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Glenn, Russell W.

National Defense Research Institute (U.S.)

Rand Corporation.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Urban warfare--United States.

Urban warfare.

Unified operations (Military science).

Soldiers--Training of--United States.

Soldiers.

Military education--United States.

Military education.

Soldiers--Training of.

United States.

Physical Description:

lxv, 358 pages : illustrations (some color), photographs ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

Santa Monica, CA : Rand, [2006]

Summary:

Because future military operations are likely to include actions in densely populated, built-up areas, joint and service training initiatives over the past decade have increasingly reflected an interest in preparing for such contingencies. To assist the military community in better orchestrating its resources to improve forcewide readiness for urban operations, the RAND Corporation was asked to develop a joint urban training strategy for the period 2005-2011.

The strategy is developed by using a modular approach. This approach led to a five-step analytical process: (1) identify joint urban training requirements; (2) identify current and pending training capabilities; (3) identify the gaps between requirements and capabilities for the short and long terms; (4) define a set of modules and assess how well they address the requirements; and (5) define the steps required to create the strategy.

The strategy described here is flexible and adaptable; as such it should evolve as new technologies emerge and international conditions change. It provides guidance and suggests a framework. But most of all, it imparts a responsibility to develop programs, plans, and guidance that address the many details needed to implement it.

This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND monographs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity.

Contents:

Objective and Scope 7

Approach 9

Step 1 Identify Joint Urban Training Requirements 11

Step 2 Identify Current and Pending Joint Urban Training Capabilities 11

Step 3 Identify the Gap Between Requirements and Capabilities 12

Step 4 Complete Initial Steps Toward a JUT Strategy 12

Step 5 Complete Final Steps Toward a JUT Strategy 13

Organization of This Document 14

Chapter 2 Identifying Joint Urban Training Requirements 17

The Process 18

Step 1 Conducting the Comprehensive Review 18

Step 2 Conduct a First Screen 19

Step 3 Aggregate and Summarize 24

Chapter 3 Determining Current and Planned Joint Urban Training Facilities, Simulations, and Other Training Capabilities 29

Purpose-Built Urban Training Sites 31

Approach 31

Basic Facility Types 34

Simulation and Simulated Capabilities 40

Simulation-Based Training Systems 42

Enhanced Individual Simulations 48

Large-Scale Composite Simulations and Simulators 52

Special Simulation Cases Considered Only for Longer-Term and Unique Urban Training Applications 54

Important Research Directions in JUT Simulation 57

Near- and Far-Term Milestones in JUT Simulation 60

Innovative/Novel Urban Training Sites/Capabilities 61

Approach 62

Current Alternative Training Options 63

Potential Advantages of Alternative Training Options 75

Drawbacks of Alternative Training Sites 76

Chapter 4 What Are the Shortfalls Between Requirements and Capabilities? 79

Challenges to Determining Requirements/Capabilities Shortfalls 80

How We Assess Shortfalls Between Requirements and Capacity 81

Whether a Capability Exists 84

Whether Throughput Capacity Exists 95

Environmental Restrictions and Encroachment 98

Identifying the Shortfalls Between Requirements and Capabilities 100

Chapter 5 Deriving Joint Urban Operations Training Modules 117

Why a Modular Approach? 118

The Training Modules 123

First Cut at Training Modules 123

Purpose-Built Facilities 125

Use of Populated Urban Areas 128

Alternative/Other Training Concepts 129

Simulation Capabilities 131

Training Support Elements 134

The Initial Screening 134

The Final List 145

Chapter 6 Cost Analysis 147

Methods and Assumptions 148

Cost Analyses for Purpose-Built Facilities 150

Cost Analyses for Use of Populated Urban Areas 164

Cost Analyses for Alternative/Other Training Concepts 165

Cost Analyses for Simulation Capabilities Modules 175

Cost Analyses for Training Support Elements 179

Cost-Related Summary and Observations 182

Joint Training: A Separate Entity or an Augmentation of Service Preparation? 183

Build, Adapt, Rent, or Otherwise Acquire Training Capabilities? 184

Additional Comments About the Proposed Twentynine Palms Urban Training Facility 192

Virtual and Constructive Training: Alternatives or Supplements? 194

Investment Versus Annual Training Budgets 196

Chapter 7 Developing a DoD-Wide Joint Urban Operations Training Strategy 197

Some Principles for Joint Urban Training 198

The Training Strategy Must Be Comprehensive 199

The Training Strategy Must Be Dynamic 200

Much Improvement Is Needed in Lower Tactical-Level JUO Training, but the Greatest Shortfalls Are at the Highest Echelons 200

U.S. Trainers Must Remain in "Receive Mode" 201

Joint Training Modules Are Only Some of a Training Strategy's Building Blocks 202

Systems of Effective Capabilities Underpin Successful Training 202

Even the Best Training and the Most Effective Training Strategy Can Sometimes Not Fully Prepare a Force 203

Size Has a Quality All Its Own 204

Bigger Is Better. Bigger and Denser Is Better Yet 206

If a Capability Exists in the Field, Find a Way to Replicate It for Training 207

The Size of an Organization with Elements In, Around, or Over an Urban Training Site May Not Equate to the Organization Being Trained 207

Simulations, Virtual and Constructive Training, and Synthetic Environments Will Not Be Capable of Fully Replacing Live Training During the 2005-2011 Period 207

It Is Important to Promote Innovation and Reconsider Proven Methods 208

Designing a JUO Training Strategy 209

A JUO Training Strategy for the Immediate Term (2005-2007) 209

A JUO Training Strategy for the Longer Term (2008-2011) 214

Key Considerations for a JUO Training Investment Strategy 223

What to Build 224

How Many Facilities? 228

Where Is It Best to Locate Battalion- and Larger-Capable BRAC, Hybrid, or Other Types of Urban Training Facilities? 230

Assessing the Upgrade Candidates: Creating Facilities Capable of Supporting Major JUO Training Events 240

Challenges for JUO Training Strategy Implementation 245

Whether to Build, Adapt, Rent, or Otherwise Acquire Training Capabilities 245

Joint Range Coordination 247

The Authority to Manage Ranges Effectively: Joint Oversight of Range Funding 251

Three Additional Considerations for Joint Training Strategy Implementation 252

Joint Urban Live, Virtual, and Constructive Training Standards 252

Better Linkage of Lessons from the Field and Joint Force Urban Training 256

Other Training in Support of the JUT Strategy 261

A Roadmap for Application of the JUO Training Strategy 264

Implementing the JUT Strategy: A Cost Estimate 266

Instrumentation 272

Urban Live-Fire Training 273

Targetry 273

A Joint Training Definitions 277

B Consolidated Joint Urban Training Requirements 285

C Full List of Identified Requirements 287

D RAND Urban Training Facility Survey 299

E Facility Summary 315

F Training Retention 327

G Matrix of Modules vs. Requirements 333.

Notes:

"MG-439-OSD/JFCOM"--P. [4] of cover.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 341-358).

ISBN:

0833038710

OCLC:

62109976