Photonics : optical electronics in modern communications / Amnon Yariv, Pochi Yeh.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Yariv, Amnon.

Contributor:

Yeh, Pocji.

Yariv, Amnon.

Class of 1891 Department of Arts Fund.

Series:

Oxford series in electrical and computer engineering

The Oxford series in electrical and computer engineering

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Photonics.

Physical Description:

xii, 836 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm.

Edition:

Sixth edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Oxford University Press, 2007.

Summary:

Due to its central role in modern communications technologies, photonics-or optical electronics-has evolved dynamically over the last ten years. Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications by Amnon Yariv and Pochi Yeh is extensively revised and updated to keep pace with this unprecedented development. Now more tailored to optical communication, the sixth edition integrates material on generating and manipulating optical radiation and designing photonic components for the transmission of information. It also presents a broader theoretical underpinning and more explanations of mathematical derivations than the previous edition.

The text describes the basic physics and principles of operation of major photonic components in optical communications and electronics. These components include optical resonators, various lasers, waveguides, optical fibers, gratings, and photonic crystals. Photonics also covers the transmission, modulation, amplification, and detection of optical beams in optical networks, as well as nonlinear optical effects in fibers. It assumes a background in electromagnetic theory, Maxwell's equations, and electromagnetic wave propagation.

Including numerous examples throughout, Photonics is ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in photonics, optoelectronics, or optical communications. It is also a useful reference for practicing engineers and scientists.

Contents:

Chapter 1 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves 1

1.1 Maxwell's Equations and Boundary Conditions 1

1.2 Energy Density and Poynting Vector 4

1.3 Monochromatic Fields and Complex-Function Formalism 6

1.4 Wave Equations and Monochromatic Plane Waves 8

1.5 Chromatic Dispersion and Group Velocity 13

1.6 Polarization States and Representations (Stokes Parameters and Poincare Sphere) 19

1.7 Electromagnetic Propagation in Anisotropic Media (Crystals) 30

1.8 Plane Waves in Uniaxially Anisotropic Media-Phase Retardation 36

1.9 Jones Matrix Method 41

1.10 Elementary Theory of Coherence 56

Chapter 2 Rays and Optical Beams 66

2.1 Ray Matrices 66

2.2 Skew Rays and Reentrant Rays 72

2.3 Rays in Lenslike Media 73

2.4 Wave Equation in Quadratic Index Media and Beams 77

2.5 Gaussian Beams in Homogeneous Media 79

2.6 Fundamental Gaussian Beam in a Lenslike Medium-The ABCD Law 83

2.7 Gaussian Beams in Lens Waveguide 87

2.8 High-Order Gaussian Beam Modes in a Homogeneous Medium 88

2.9 Gaussian Beam Modes in Quadratic Index Media 91

2.10 Propagation in Media with a Quadratic Gain Profile 95

2.11 Elliptic Gaussian Beams 97

2.12 Beam Propagation and Diffraction Integral 99

Chapter 3 Guided Waves in Dielectric Slabs and Fibers 110

3.1 TE and TM Confined Modes in Symmetric Slab Waveguides 110

3.2 TE and TM Confined Modes in Asymmetric Slab Waveguides 118

3.3 Step-Index Circular Dielectric Waveguides (Linearly Polarized Modes in Optical Fibers) 126

3.4 Effective Index Theory 137

3.5 Waveguide Dispersion in Optical Fibers 140

3.6 Attenuation in Silica Fibers 145

Chapter 4 Optical Resonators 156

4.1 Fabry-Perot Etalon 160

4.2 Fabry-Perot Etalons as Optical Spectrum Analyzers 170

4.3 Optical Resonators with Spherical Mirrors 172

4.4 Mode Stability Criteria 176

4.5 Modes in a Generalized Resonator-Self-Consistent Method 178

4.6 Resonance Frequencies of Optical Resonators 180

4.7 Losses in Optical Resonators 183

4.8 Ring Resonators 184

4.9 Multicavity Etalons 194

4.10 Mode Matching and Coupling Loss 204

Chapter 5 Interaction of Radiation and Atomic Systems 211

5.1 Atomic Transitions and Electromagnetic Waves 211

5.2 Atomic Polarizability and Dielectric Constant 213

5.3 Classical Electron Model 214

5.4 Dispersion and Complex Refractive Index 216

5.5 Lineshape Function-Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Broadening 221

5.6 Induced Transitions-Absorption and Amplification 225

5.7 Gain Saturation in Homogeneous Laser Media 230

5.8 Gain Saturation in Inhomogeneous Laser Media 232

Chapter 6 Theory of Laser Oscillation and Some Specific Laser Systems 237

6.1 Fabry-Perot Laser 237

6.2 Oscillation Frequency 242

6.3 Three- and Four-Level Lasers 244

6.4 Power in Laser Oscillators 246

6.5 Optimum Output Coupling in Laser Oscillators 248

6.6 Multimode Laser Oscillation and Mode Locking 251

6.7 Mode Locking in Homogeneously Broadened Laser Systems 265

6.8 Pulse Length Measurement and Narrowing of Chirped Pulses 273

6.9 Giant Pulse (Q-Switched) Lasers 281

6.10 Hole Burning and the Lamb Dip in Doppler-Broadened Gas Lasers 287

6.11 Some Specific Laser Systems 290

6.12 Frequency Comb and Optical Frequency Metrology 303

Chapter 7 Chromatic Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion in Fibers 313

7.1 Chromatic Dispersion in Optical Transmission Systems 313

7.2 Optical Pulse Spreading in Dispersive Media 317

7.3 Polarization Effects in Optical Fibers 322

7.4 Principal States of Polarization 325

7.5 Vector Analysis of Polarization Mode Dispersion 329

7.6 High-Order PMD and Compensators 346

Chapter 8 Nonlinear Optics 354

8.1 On the Physical Origin of Nonlinear Polarization 354

8.2 Second-Order Nonlinear Phenomena-General Methodology 355

8.3 Electromagnetic Formulation and Optical Second-Harmonic Generation 358

8.4 Other Second-Order Nonlinear Processes 369

8.5 Quasi Phase Matching 377

8.6 Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Processes 380

8.7 Stimulated Brillouin Scattering 387

8.8 Four-Wave Mixing and Phase Conjugation 392

8.9 Frequency Tuning in Parametric Oscillation 399

Chapter 9 Electro-optic Modulation of Laser Beams 406

9.1 Linear Electro-optic Effect 406

9.2 Electro-optic Modulation-Phase, Amplitude 418

9.3 High-Frequency Modulation Considerations 427

9.4 Electroabsoption and Electroabsorption Modulators 431

9.5 Electro-optical Effect in Liquid Crystals 434

9.6 Acousto-optic Effect (Photoelastic Effect) 440

9.7 Scattering of Light by Sound 446

9.8 Bragg Diffraction-Coupled-Wave Analysis 450

9.9 Bragg Cells and Beam Deflectors 458

Chapter 10 Noise in Optical Detection and Generation 465

10.1 Limitations Due to Noise Power 466

10.2 Noise-Basic Definitions and Theorems 469

10.3 Spectral Density Function of a Train of Randomly Occurring Events 471

10.4 Shot Noise 473

10.5 Johnson Noise 475

10.6 Spontaneous Emission Noise in Laser Oscillators 479

10.7 Phasor Derivation of Laser Linewidth 484

10.8 Coherence and Interference 491

10.9 Error Probability in a Binary Pulse Code Modulation System 496

Chapter 11 Detection of Optical Radiation 501

11.1 Optically Induced Transition Rates 501

11.2 Photomultiplier 503

11.3 Noise Mechanisms in Photomultipliers 505

11.4 Heterodyne Detection with Photomultipliers 507

11.5 Photoconductive Detectors 511

11.6 The p-n Junction 517

11.7 Semiconductor Photodiodes 521

11.8 Avalanche Photodiode 529

11.9 Power Fluctuation Noise in Lasers 532

Chapter 12 Wave Propagation in Periodic Media 539

12.1 Periodic Media 539

12.2 Periodic Layered Media-Bloch Waves 545

12.3 Bragg Reflectors 555

12.4 Coupled-Wave Analysis 560

12.5 Periodic Waveguides 573

12.6 Spectral Filters and Fiber Bragg Gratings 582

12.7 Chirped and Tapered Index Gratings 587

12.8 2-D and 3-D Periodic Media (Photonic Crystals) 594

Chapter 13 Waveguide Coupling 602

13.1 General Properties of Modes 602

13.2 Dielectric Perturbation Theory and Mode Coupling 607

13.3 Coupling of Two Parallel Waveguides-Directional Coupler 611

13.4 Coupling of N Parallel Identical Waveguides-Supermodes 618

13.5 Phase Matching and Frequency Selective Coupling-Multiplexing 622

13.6 Mode Converters 626

Chapter 14 Nonlinear Optical Effects in Fibers 633

14.1 Kerr Effect and Self-Phase Modulation 633

14.2 Cross-Phase Modulation-Polarization 637

14.3 Nondegenerate Four-Wave Mixing 641

14.4 Partially Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing 653

14.5 Optical Solitons 663

Chapter 15 Semiconductor Lasers-Theory and Applications 673

15.1 Some Semiconductor Physics Background 674

15.2 Gain and Absorption in Semiconductor (Laser) Media 680

15.3 GaAs/Ga[subscript 1-x]Al[subscript x]As Lasers 686

15.4 Some Real Laser Structures 691

15.5 Direct-Current Modulation of Semiconductor Lasers 696

15.6 Gain Suppression and Frequency Chirp in Current-Modulated Semiconductor Lasers 700

15.7 Integrated Optoelectronics 709

Chapter 16 Advanced Semiconductor Lasers 714

16.1 Carriers in Quantum Wells (Advanced Topic) 715

16.2 Gain in Quantum Well Lasers 720

16.3 Distributed Feedback Lasers 724

16.4 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Semiconductor Lasers 738

Chapter 17 Optical Amplifiers 748

17.1 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers 749

17.2 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers 752

17.3 Amplified Spontaneous Emission 755

17.4 Optical Amplification in Fiber Links 761

17.5 Raman Optical Amplifiers 767

Chapter 18 Classical Treatment of Quantum Noise and Squeezed States 778

18.1 The Uncertainty Principle and Quantum Noise 778

18.2 Squeezing of Optical Fields 787

Appendix A Wave Equation in Cylindrical Coordinates and Bessel Functions 797

Appendix B Exact Solutions of the Step-Index Circular Waveguide 802

Appendix C Kramers-Kronig Relations 812

Appendix

D Transformation of a Coherent Electromagnetic Field by a Thin Lens 817

Appendix E Fermi Level and Its Temperature Dependence 820

Appendix F Electro-optic Effect in Cubic 43m Crystals 823

Appendix G Conversion for Power Units and Attenuation Units 827.

Notes:

Rev. ed of: Optical electronics in modern communications. 5th ed., c1997.

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Class of 1891 Department of Arts Fund.

Related Work:

Yariv, Amnon. Optical electronics in modern communications.

ISBN:

0195179463

OCLC:

58648003