Horse behavior / by George H. Waring.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Waring, George H.

Contributor:

Clarence J. Marshall Memorial Library Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Horses--Behavior.

Horses.

Physical Description:

xiv, 442 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Norwich, N.Y. : Noyes Publishing, [2003]

Summary:

The second edition of this important reference provides updates in the areas of activity patterns, social behavior, reproduction, animal husbandry, and management. This easy-to-read text integrates findings from hundreds of international researchers and includes an updated appendix listing behavioral symptoms and possible causes. Over 100 illustrations and photos provide excellent visual cues for those who work with horses every day.

Contents:

1. Ancestry of the Horse 3

2. Perception and Orientation 18

Vision 18

Hearing 26

Touch, Pressure, and Thermoreception 27

Smell and Taste 28

Proprioception and Equilibrium 32

Pain 33

Orientation and Homing 34

3. Motor Patterns 36

Reflexes 36

Locomotor Activity 38

Gaits 41

Reactive Distances 60

Part II Behavioral Development 63

4. Ontogeny of Behavior Patterns 65

Perinatal Development 65

Post-Natal Development 71

5. Play 83

Solitary Play 84

Play Between Foals and Their Mothers 85

Play Between Foals and Other Young 87

Play Between Young and Adult Horses 89

6. Investigative Behavior 91

7. Learning and Memory 96

Habituation 97

Classical Conditioning 97

Instrumental Conditioning 98

Latent Learning, Insight, and Social Learning 110

Imprinting 111

Memory 113

Part III Maintenance Activities 115

8. Resting and Sleep 117

9. Ingestive Behavior 124

Feeding 125

Food Selection and Preferences 130

Drinking 136

Nursing 139

10. Eliminative Behavior 144

Urination 144

Defecation 147

11. Comfort Behavior 149

Self-Indulgent Behaviors 149

Sunning 149

Shelter-Seeking 149

Licking 150

Nibbling 150

Scratching 152

Rubbing 152

Rolling 153

Shaking and Skin Twitching 153

Tail Switching 157

Mutual Interactions 157

Mutual Grooming 157

Symbiotic Relationships with Birds and Humans 159

Part IV Reproductive Behavior 161

12. Sexual Behavior of Stallions 163

Patterns of Stallion Behavior 165

Intensity of Sexual Behavior 169

Stimuli Affecting Stallion Sexual Behavior 173

Abnormal Sexual Behavior of Stallions 175

13. Sexual Behavior of Mares 182

Patterns of Mare Behavior 183

Intensity and Duration of Estrus 191

Control of the Estrous Cycle 192

Intrauterine Saline Infusion 193

Photoperiod Manipulation 193

Hormone Injection 194

Other Manipulations 195

Abnormal Sexual Behavior of Mares 196

14. Maternal Behavior 199

Pre-Parturient Behavior 199

Parturient Behavior 201

Post-Parturient Behavior 203

Abnormal Maternal Behavior 208

Part V Social Behavior 209

15. Social Organization 211

Herd Structure 211

Emigration and Immigration 215

Social Roles 217

16. Social Attachment 219

Mare-Foal Attachment 220

Foal-Mare Attachment 224

Peer Attachment 227

Heterosexual Attachment 229

Paternal Attachment 231

Interspecies Attachment 231

17. Home Range and Territoriality 233

Home Range 233

Territoriality 238

18. Social Dominance 243

Establishing and Maintaining Rank 245

Factors Influencing Rank 247

Influence of Rank Order on Daily Activity 250

19. Agonistic Behavior 253

Alert, Alarm, and Flight 253

Aggression 257

Interactions Between Stallions 262

Submission 264

Abnormal Agonistic Behaviors 267

20. Communicative Behavior 270

Visual Expressions 270

Leg and Body Gestures 271

Facial Expressions 273

Tail and Other Gestures 281

Acoustical Expressions 283

Squeal 283

Nicker 284

Whinny (Neigh) 297

Groan 298

Blow 299

Snort 299

Snore 299

Other Sounds 300

Tactile Interactions 300

Chemical Exchanges 301

Part VI Ecological Influences 303

21. Interaction of Horses and Their Environment 305

Home Range Preferences and Habitat Utilization 305

Bioenergetic Considerations 307

Influence of Resource Distribution on Territoriality 308

Activity Patterns and Movements 308

Environmental Influences on Time-Budgets 308

Diurnal and Nocturnal Movements 309

Seasonal Movement Patterns 309

Antipredator Strategies and the Use of Sanctuaries 310

Symbiotic Relationships 311

Influence of Horses on Their Environment 313

22. Ecological Influences on Reproduction and Social Behavior 315

Factors Influencing Parturition 315

Influences on Development, Sexual Maturity, and Dispersal 316

Factors Influencing Social Structure and Stability 318

Influences on Reproductive Success 320

Behavioral and Ecological Factors in Population Dynamics 323

Part VII Applied Ethology in Horse Care and Management 327

23. Behavioral Considerations in Horse Management 329

Enclosures and Housing 329

Social Needs and Human Interaction 332

Exercise and Feeding 333

Grooming and Hoof Care 335

Horse Handling Equipment 336

Transport 336

24. Behavioral Manipulation 340

Early Experience and Human Socialization 341

Training 346

Training Environment 346

Restraint 352

25. Behavioral Indicators Relevant to Health and Well-Being 362

Changes in Expression and Posture 362

Changes in Perception and Orientation 364

Changes in Motor Coordination 364

Changes in Maintenance Behavior 365

Changes in Social Behavior 366

Appearance of Problem Behaviors 366

Appendix Variety of Equine Behavioral Symptoms and Possible Problems Indicated 369

Expressions and Postures 370

Perception Changes 374

Orientation Changes 375

Coordination Changes 375

Maintenance Behavior Changes 379

Social Abnormalities 382

Problem Behaviors (Vices) 383.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages 385-413).

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Clarence J. Marshall Memorial Library Fund.

ISBN:

0815514840

OCLC:

48773749

Online:

Publisher description